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allow tables and records to have type annotations#8892

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1Kinoti wants to merge 18 commits intonushell:mainfrom
1Kinoti:collections_shape
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allow tables and records to have type annotations#8892
1Kinoti wants to merge 18 commits intonushell:mainfrom
1Kinoti:collections_shape

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@1Kinoti 1Kinoti commented Apr 15, 2023

closed in favor of #8914

@1Kinoti 1Kinoti marked this pull request as draft April 15, 2023 17:28
@1Kinoti 1Kinoti changed the title [WIP] allow tables and records to have tyoe annotations [WIP] allow tables and records to have type annotations Apr 15, 2023
1Kinoti and others added 17 commits April 16, 2023 03:15
# Description

This should be a little more efficient when running the algorithm to
find the captured variables.

# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->

# Tests + Formatting
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# After Submitting
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This PR upgrades the [`open`](https://github.com/Byron/open-rs) crate
(used in the `start` command) from 4.0.1 to 4.0.2. This fixes a bug
where `open` doesn't always work properly on WSL:
Byron/open-rs#71
# Description
Oops. Someone just found a eprintln that I left in the code 3 weeks ago.
This removes that debug message.
# Description
This PR allows our custom commands to show up in `$nu.scope.commands`
better. It still needs work because this PR hard code the input and
output types as `Type::Any` but the reason they're being missed in the
first place is that they are not assigned an input and output type.

This allows things like this now. Note the `where is_custom == true` 

![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/343840/232523925-97eeef78-9722-4184-b60f-9d06f994c8e3.png)

Another example.

![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/343840/232525706-d4d088d8-6597-43ba-97c8-ab03c2c7408c.png)

![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/343840/232525797-b7e9ded3-b299-489e-af33-7390f4291bfd.png)


# User-Facing Changes
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helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->

# Tests + Formatting
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Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes.

Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:

- `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo
fmt --all` applies these changes)
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clippy::needless_collect` to check that you're using the standard code
style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass
- `cargo run -- crates/nu-std/tests/run.nu` to run the tests for the
standard library

> **Note**
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> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
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> toolkit check pr
> ```
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# After Submitting
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# Description
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Replaces #8824, which was languishing in review limbo and becoming
increasingly difficult to keep current with upstream changes.

In addition to all the edits, this PR includes updated documentation for
running unit tests via `std run-tests`.

# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
A CONTRIBUTING.md documenting guidelines and getting started info for
potential stdlib contributors.
# Tests + Formatting
<!--
Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes.

Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:

- `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo
fmt --all` applies these changes)
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clippy::needless_collect` to check that you're using the standard code
style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass
- `cargo run -- crates/nu-std/tests/run.nu` to run the tests for the
standard library

> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```
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# After Submitting
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Wanted to start to have a stdlib issue template. I know this is rough
but it's something to start with.
@1Kinoti 1Kinoti closed this Apr 17, 2023
@1Kinoti 1Kinoti changed the title [WIP] allow tables and records to have type annotations allow tables and records to have type annotations Apr 18, 2023
@1Kinoti 1Kinoti deleted the collections_shape branch April 18, 2023 16:24
fdncred pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Apr 26, 2023
# Description
follow up to #8529
cleaned up version of #8892 

- the original syntax is okay
```nu
def okay [rec: record] {}
```
- you can now add type annotations for fields if you know
  them before hand
```nu
def okay [rec: record<name: string>] {}
```

- you can specify multiple fields
```nu
def okay [person: record<name: string age: int>] {}

# an optional comma is allowed
def okay [person: record<name: string, age: int>] {}
```

- if annotations are specified, any use of the command will be type
  checked against the specified type
```nu
def unwrap [result: record<ok: bool, value: any>] {}

unwrap {ok: 2, value: "value"}

# errors with

Error: nu::parser::type_mismatch

  × Type mismatch.
   ╭─[entry #4:1:1]
 1 │ unwrap {ok: 2, value: "value"}
   ·         ───────┬─────
   ·                    ╰── expected record<ok: bool, value: any>, found record<ok: int, value: string>
   ╰────
```
> here the error is in the `ok` field, since `any` is coerced into any
type
> as a result `unwrap {ok: true, value: "value"}` is okay

- the key must be a string, either quoted or unquoted
```nu
def err [rec: record<{}: list>] {}

# errors with
Error:
  × `record` type annotations key not string
   ╭─[entry #7:1:1]
 1 │ def unwrap [result: record<{}: bool, value: any>] {}
   ·                            ─┬
   ·                             ╰── must be a string
   ╰────
```

- a key doesn't have to have a type in which case it is assumed to be
`any`
```nu
def okay [person: record<name age>] {}

def okay [person: record<name: string age>] {}
```

- however, if you put a colon, you have to specify a type
```nu
def err [person: record<name: >] {}

# errors with
Error: nu::parser::parse_mismatch

  × Parse mismatch during operation.
   ╭─[entry #12:1:1]
 1 │ def unwrap [res: record<name: >] { $res }
   ·                             ┬
   ·                             ╰── expected type after colon
   ╰────
```

# User-Facing Changes
**[BREAKING CHANGES]**
- this change adds a field to `SyntaxShape::Record` so any plugins that
used it will have to update and include the field. though if you are
unsure of the type the record expects, `SyntaxShape::Record(vec![])`
will suffice
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6 participants