RAM TYPE Daily or Trip Care: All BOPs should be operated daily. Blind rams should be operated every time the pipe is out of the hole. Pipe rams should NOT be closed unless a pipe is in the hole. Care between Wells: Whenever a preventer is removed from service it should be; Cleaned Inspected Lubricated … Continue reading Blow Out Preventer (BOP) Care & Maintenance
Running Casing
Pre-running procedures Always pre-plan Ensure proper layout on the rig rack Joints need to be laid out properly especially when dealing with different weights of casing in one run. Clean the threads. Once the thread protectors are removed the threads should be cleaned. The tubular interiors should be inspected. Handling procedures Use thread protectors Use … Continue reading Running Casing
Wellbore Tubulars
Casing hanger – this is installed to support the individual casing strings in the well. This is the landing base or casing head. This is usually welded or screwed to the top of the surface casing string. The surface casing string serves as a foundation pile for the well. This transfers the hanging load to … Continue reading Wellbore Tubulars
Pipe Handling Procedure
Handling Always make sure that thread protectors are properly in place/fastened. In the event of the drill pipe lacking the thread protectors the pipe should be marked for inspection Care should be taken for special service drill pipe or such equipment with special coatings. Use rope slings to control pipe when off loading by hand. … Continue reading Pipe Handling Procedure
Mud Motor Operations
Motor check prior to operation. Drill bit jet size check Operation of the bypass valve While tripping into the hole, circulation should be broken every 20 to 30 stands to keep the motor running freely. At total depth and before drilling circulation is begun and set to close the bypass valve and start the motor … Continue reading Mud Motor Operations
A Guide to Bit Running Procedure
Rig Site Protocol PPE Sign In Reverse Park Vehicle Present yourself to Company personnel State purpose of visit Explain objectives and plan Rig and Surface Equipment Evaluation Solids Control Equipment Ineffective or too few shakers can limit the speed at which cuttings can be removed from the mud system. This may result in lowered penetration … Continue reading A Guide to Bit Running Procedure
A Guide to Reaming
Always Plan your tripping schedule: Record tight spots from previous trips Know the wellbore geometry; the deviation, doglegs etc. maintain constant communication with your directional personnel. Despite pulling up always be prepared to run downward. This may be needed to free the pipe after a connection. One example is the consistent execution of 200 to … Continue reading A Guide to Reaming
A Guide to Hole Cleaning
Hole cleaning is an essential part of drilling. It ensures that the material that is drilled is effectively and efficiently being removed from the wellbore. Failure to achieve proper hole cleaning can result in a host of wellbore problems and issues. Indications of poor hole cleaning: Excessive pull on trips High rotary torque Lowered rate … Continue reading A Guide to Hole Cleaning
Perforations
This is done to provide affective flow communication between reservoir and wellbore. The perforating jobs is irreversible and as such requires good planning. The shaped jet perforator is mechanically simple and reliable, with generally higher performance. Suits a wider range of completion needs. The wireline methods have offered depth control, selective firing speed and low … Continue reading Perforations
Effect of bit on Rotary Assembly
Roller Cone – makes very little difference on the build, hold or drop angle. This type of bit does influence the walk rate. They have a right walk tendency, long tooth bits exhibit this more than short tooth bits. PDC – no walk occurs. They do affect the inclination. The gauge length of the … Continue reading Effect of bit on Rotary Assembly
Control with a Rotary Assembly
Side Force and Tilt Essentially these are the forces and angles that determine and influence where the bit goes. Bit Trajectory Stabilizer gauge and placement Drill Collar length and diameter Weight on bit Rotary Speed Bit type Formation Flow rate Rate of penetration Build Assemblies To increase the build rate – longer distance between near … Continue reading Control with a Rotary Assembly
Cementing Additives and Mechanisms
There are 8 general categories of additives. Accelerators – Reduces setting time and increases the rate of compressive strength build up. Retarders – Extends the Setting time. Extenders – Lowers the density. Weighting Agents – Increases density. Dispersants – Reduces viscosity. Fluid Loss Control Agents. Lost Circulation Control Agents. Specialty Agents. Accelerators Can be … Continue reading Cementing Additives and Mechanisms
Why Cement (a wellbore)?
The reasons are as follows; To support the vertical and radial loads applied to the casing Isolate porous formations from the producing zone formations Exclude unwanted sub-surface fluids from the producing interval Protect casing from corrosion Resist chemical deterioration of cement Confine abnormal pore pressure Cement is introduced into the well by means of a … Continue reading Why Cement (a wellbore)?
Petroleum Geology
Basics 3 basic layers that make up the earth; core, mantle and the crust. The crust is the most important and it is divided into two distinct types; Continental – 16-48km thick Oceanic – 8-11km thick Orogeny – when the crust is built layers fold over each other and are pushed upward. Weathering Physical – … Continue reading Petroleum Geology
Laptop Cooling Pad
WHY BUY A LAPTOP COOLING PAD? In the article by Buonanno, (2004), he addresses one particular reason why there is a need for a laptop cooler pad. The article goes on to cite that in the event that someone may be unable to purchase a well designed laptop, they may end up using one that … Continue reading Laptop Cooling Pad
Replaceable Sleeve Stabilizer
Liner Completion
Stabilizer-Integral Bladed
Conventional Completions
Casing Flow; means that the producing fluid flow has only one path to the surface through the casing. Casing and tubing Flow; means that the there is tubing within the casing that allows fluid to reach the surface. This tubing can be used as a kill string for chemical injection. The tubing may have … Continue reading Conventional Completions
Horizontal Completions
Formation considerations Homogenous Heterogeneous Naturally Fractured Homogenous-found in heavy oil sands. Easy to accommodate in completion and don't require wellbore segregation. Can be treated with the entire wellbore exposed using coiled tubing or perforated technology. Heterogeneous-reservoir quality and pressure vary between sections of the wellbore. These segments of the wellbore need to be isolated to … Continue reading Horizontal Completions