add additional tests to stencil's wrapped version of `path.join`,
adding additional documentation to how the wrapped function works.
specifically, add tests to verify the following behavior:
1. how trailing slashes are treated by the function
2. how 1+ string arguments of '/' are handled
3. how relative paths going 'up' one directory level are handled such
   that only a file is resolved

the first case of trailing slashes is documented in JSDoc as well to
signify a divergence from `path.joing`. this behavior was the
impetus for this change - I didn't understand what I was seeing at first
when debugging some Stencil 4.x related path related bugs. this commit
is spun out from that work.

related to: #5029

add additional tests to stencil's wrapped version of `path.join`,
adding additional documentation to how the wrapped function works.
specifically, add tests to verify the following behavior:
1. how trailing slashes are treated by the function
2. how 1+ string arguments of '/' are handled
3. how relative paths going 'up' one directory level are handled such
   that only a file is resolved

the first case of trailing slashes is documented in JSDoc as well to
signify a divergence from `path.joing`. this behavior was the
impetus for this change - I didn't understand what I was seeing at first
when debugging some Stencil 4.x related path related bugs. this commit
is spun out from that work.

related to: #5029

add additional tests to stencil's wrapped version of `path.join`,
adding additional documentation to how the wrapped function works.
specifically, add tests to verify the following behavior:
1. how trailing slashes are treated by the function
2. how 1+ string arguments of '/' are handled
3. how relative paths going 'up' one directory level are handled such
   that only a file is resolved

the first case of trailing slashes is documented in JSDoc as well to
signify a divergence from `path.joing`. this behavior was the
impetus for this change - I didn't understand what I was seeing at first
when debugging some Stencil 4.x related path related bugs. this commit
is spun out from that work.

related to: #5029

add additional tests to stencil's wrapped version of `path.normalize`,
adding additional documentation to how the wrapped function works.
specifically, add tests to verify the following behavior:
1. how an empty string behaves
2. how relative paths ('.', '..') behave
3. how absolute paths ('/' for POSIX and '\\' for Windows) behave

questioning how thise function behaves/should behave was the impetus
for this change - I didn't understand what I was seeing at first when
debugging some Stencil 4.x related path related bugs. this commit is
spun out from that work.

related to: #5029, #5032

add additional tests to stencil's wrapped version of `path.normalize`,
adding additional documentation to how the wrapped function works.
specifically, add tests to verify the following behavior:
1. how an empty string behaves
2. how relative paths ('.', '..') behave
3. how absolute paths ('/' for POSIX and '\\' for Windows) behave

questioning how thise function behaves/should behave was the impetus
for this change - I didn't understand what I was seeing at first when
debugging some Stencil 4.x related path related bugs. this commit is
spun out from that work.

related to: #5029, #5032

add additional tests to stencil's wrapped version of `path.normalize`,
adding additional documentation to how the wrapped function works.
specifically, add tests to verify the following behavior:
1. how an empty string behaves
2. how relative paths ('.', '..') behave
3. how absolute paths ('/' for POSIX and '\\' for Windows) behave

questioning how thise function behaves/should behave was the impetus
for this change - I didn't understand what I was seeing at first when
debugging some Stencil 4.x related path related bugs. this commit is
spun out from that work.

related to: #5029, #5032

this patch ensures that paths are properly normalized by the compiler.
this ensures that regardless of the platform (operating system) that a
project is compiled on, paths are uniformly treated internally by
stencil. this has system-wide reaching effects - from the in-memory
filesystem, to configuration/output target validation, and file
generation.

previously, stencil's in-browser compilation support included a polyfill
for the following NodeJS `path` module functions: `join`, `normalize`,
`relative` & `resolve`. this polyfill did the following:
- it wrapped each of the aforementioned functions in a `normalizePath`
  function to convert Windows-style path separators (`\\`) to
  Unix/POSIX-style path separators (`/`)
- it overwrote the standard NodeJS `path` implementations for each of
  these functions.
as a result, calling `join` or any of the other three methods, even when
importing the method from `path` like below would result in the polyfill
being called:
```ts
import { join } from 'path'; // this imports the polyfilled `join`

// runs the native `path.join`, then normalizes the returned path
const filePath = join(part1, part2);
```

while this was 'nice' in that stencil engineers didn't need to think
about which implementation of `path` functions they were using, this
polyfill made some behavior of the compiler hard to understand.

the polyfills were removed in #4317 (b042d8b). this led to calls to the
aforementioned functions to call their original implementations, rather
than the wrapped implementations:
```ts
import { join } from 'path'; // imports Node's `join`

// run the native `path.join`, without any normalization
const filePath = join(part1, part2);
```

discrepencies arose where parts of the code would explicitly wrap a
call to `join()` (or one of its ilk) around a path normalization
function. this caused paths to not be uniformly normalized throughout
the codebase, leading to errors.

since the removal of in-browser compilation, additional pull requests
to fix path-related issues on windows have landed in the codebase:
- #4545 (cd58d9c)
- #4932 (b97dadc)

this commit builds on the previous commits by attempting to move
stencil's compiler completely over to polyfilled versions of the
mentioned `path` functions that are explicitly imported/called.

Some of the changes found herein were created/validated using Alice's
codemod branch, #4996
Co-authored-by: alicewriteswrongs <alicewriteswrongs@users.noreply.github.com>

STENCIL-975 Determine Scope of Path Polyfill Bug, Fix

Fixes: #4980
Fixes: #4961

Spun Off: #5036, #5032, #5029

* fix(compiler): normalize paths on windows

this patch ensures that paths are properly normalized by the compiler.
this ensures that regardless of the platform (operating system) that a
project is compiled on, paths are uniformly treated internally by
stencil. this has system-wide reaching effects - from the in-memory
filesystem, to configuration/output target validation, and file
generation.

previously, stencil's in-browser compilation support included a polyfill
for the following NodeJS `path` module functions: `join`, `normalize`,
`relative` & `resolve`. this polyfill did the following:
- it wrapped each of the aforementioned functions in a `normalizePath`
  function to convert Windows-style path separators (`\\`) to
  Unix/POSIX-style path separators (`/`)
- it overwrote the standard NodeJS `path` implementations for each of
  these functions.
as a result, calling `join` or any of the other three methods, even when
importing the method from `path` like below would result in the polyfill
being called:
```ts
import { join } from 'path'; // this imports the polyfilled `join`

// runs the native `path.join`, then normalizes the returned path
const filePath = join(part1, part2);
```

while this was 'nice' in that stencil engineers didn't need to think
about which implementation of `path` functions they were using, this
polyfill made some behavior of the compiler hard to understand.

the polyfills were removed in #4317 (b042d8b). this led to calls to the
aforementioned functions to call their original implementations, rather
than the wrapped implementations:
```ts
import { join } from 'path'; // imports Node's `join`

// run the native `path.join`, without any normalization
const filePath = join(part1, part2);
```

discrepencies arose where parts of the code would explicitly wrap a
call to `join()` (or one of its ilk) around a path normalization
function. this caused paths to not be uniformly normalized throughout
the codebase, leading to errors.

since the removal of in-browser compilation, additional pull requests
to fix path-related issues on windows have landed in the codebase:
- #4545 (cd58d9c)
- #4932 (b97dadc)

this commit builds on the previous commits by attempting to move
stencil's compiler completely over to polyfilled versions of the
mentioned `path` functions that are explicitly imported/called.

Some of the changes found herein were created/validated using Alice's
codemod branch, #4996
Co-authored-by: alicewriteswrongs <alicewriteswrongs@users.noreply.github.com>

STENCIL-975 Determine Scope of Path Polyfill Bug, Fix

Fixes: #4980
Fixes: #4961

Spun Off: #5036, #5032, #5029

* fix validate-dist-collection tests

* fix prerendered-write-path test

* fix stencil-types tests

this commit removes a spy on `join.resolve` and updates the mocks to
properly spy on the wrapped `@utils`' `resolve` fn

* fix validate-paths tests

this commit updates the tests for `validate-paths`. it replaces
instances of `path.join` in assertions with stencil's own `join`
function. existing instances of `path.join` have been left as-is if they
pertain to user input. this allows us to exercise a user using either
path separator in CI (which runs in windows and linux).

the cache directory is now normalized if it is absolute. otherwise,
provided cache directories in `stencil.config.ts` would never get
normalized

* fix validate-output-www tests

this commit updates the tests for `validate-paths`. it replaces
instances of `path.join` in assertions with stencil's own `join`
function. existing instances of `path.join` have been left as-is if they
pertain to user input. this allows us to exercise a user using either
path separator in CI (which runs in windows and linux).

* fix validate-output-dist tests

this commit updates the tests for `validate-output`. it replaces
instances of `path.join` in assertions with stencil's own `join`
function. existing instances of `path.join` have been left as-is if they
pertain to user input. this allows us to exercise a user using either
path separator in CI (which runs in windows and linux).

this commit also switches `output-target.ts#getcomponentsDtsSrcFilePath`
over to use Stencil's join function to fix the tests

* fix validate-output-dist-custom-element tests

this commit updates the tests for `validate-output-dist-custom-element`.
it replaces instances of `path.join` in assertions with stencil's own `join
function. existing instances of `path.join` have been left as-is if they
pertain to user input. this allows us to exercise a user using either
path separator in CI (which runs in windows and linux).

* fix validate-testing tests

this commit updates the tests for `validate-testing`. it replaces
instances of `path.join` in assertions with stencil's own `join`
function. existing instances of `path.join` have been left as-is if they
pertain to user input. this allows us to exercise a user using either
path separator in CI (which runs in windows and linux).

the screenshot connector is now normalized if it is absolute. otherwise,
provided connector file path in `stencil.config.ts` would never get
normalized