Make allowance for Obj.truncate

(Merge of branch cmm-mach-types and PR#115.)

- Register type "Addr" is split into
    . "Val" (well-formed OCaml values, appropriate as GC roots)
    . "Addr" (derived pointers within the heap, must not survive a GC)
- memory_chunk "Word" is split into
    . "Word_val" (OCaml value)
    . "Word_int" (native-sized integer, not a pointer into the heap)

Cmmgen was updated to use Word_val or Word_int as appropriate.

Application #1: fail at compile-time if a derived pointer within the heap
survives a GC point (cf. PR#6484).

Application #2: CSE can do a better job across allocation points
(keep factoring expressions of type Int, Val, Float, but not Addr).

Application #3: slightly fewer roots given to the GC
(e.g. pointers into bigarray data).



git-svn-id: http://caml.inria.fr/svn/ocaml/trunk@16269 f963ae5c-01c2-4b8c-9fe0-0dff7051ff02

manual: last minute  fixes

This job did actually do two different things:

1. Check that the compiler can be built without the world.opt target

2. Run sanitizers

This commit thus splits the extra-checks job into two separate
ones that are defined as Jenkins pipeline jobs named sanitizers and
step-by-step-build.

The macro \libdocitem{Bigarray} was including `refman/extension/bigarray.etex`.
Rewriting the macro to input `library/#1.tex` instead of `#1.tex`
avoids this issue and should be hopefully less brittle in the future.

Found by -fsanitize=memory -fsanitize-memory-track-origins:
```
> ==102752==WARNING: MemorySanitizer: use-of-uninitialized-value
>     #0 0x7f2ba7fb4ea4 in caml_runtime_events_read_poll /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/otherlibs/runtime_events/runtime_events_consumer.c:496:18
>     #1 0x7f2ba7fbc016 in caml_ml_runtime_events_read_poll /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/otherlibs/runtime_events/runtime_events_consumer.c:1207:9
>     ocaml#2 0x59ba5c in caml_interprete /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/interp.c:1058:14
>     ocaml#3 0x5a9220 in caml_main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/startup_byt.c:575:9
>     ocaml#4 0x540d6b in main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/main.c:37:3
>     ocaml#5 0x7f2ba8120087 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a087) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
>     ocaml#6 0x7f2ba812014a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a14a) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
>     ocaml#7 0x441804 in _start (/var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/ocamlrun+0x441804) (BuildId: 617637580ee48eff08a2bce790e1667ad09f3b69)
>
>   Uninitialized value was stored to memory at
>     #0 0x7f2ba7fb4e9d in caml_runtime_events_read_poll /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/otherlibs/runtime_events/runtime_events_consumer.c:497:69
>     #1 0x7f2ba7fbc016 in caml_ml_runtime_events_read_poll /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/otherlibs/runtime_events/runtime_events_consumer.c:1207:9
>     ocaml#2 0x59ba5c in caml_interprete /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/interp.c:1058:14
>     ocaml#3 0x5a9220 in caml_main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/startup_byt.c:575:9
>     ocaml#4 0x540d6b in main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/main.c:37:3
>     ocaml#5 0x7f2ba8120087 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a087) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
>     ocaml#6 0x7f2ba812014a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a14a) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
>     ocaml#7 0x441804 in _start (/var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/ocamlrun+0x441804) (BuildId: 617637580ee48eff08a2bce790e1667ad09f3b69)
>
>   Uninitialized value was created by an allocation of 'buf' in the stack frame
>     #0 0x7f2ba7fb3dbc in caml_runtime_events_read_poll /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/otherlibs/runtime_events/runtime_events_consumer.c:402:7
>
```

This is in fact an EV_LIFECYCLE with EV_RING_STOP, which has 0
additional data, and thus msg_length 2:
```
runtime/runtime_events.c:      EV_RUNTIME, (ev_message_type){.runtime=EV_LIFECYCLE}, EV_RING_STOP, 0,
```

Attempting to read from `buf[2]` would read uninitialized data.

Signed-off-by: Edwin Török <edwin.torok@cloud.com>

…l#13294)

The toplevel printer detects cycles by keeping a hashtable of values
that it has already traversed.

However, some OCaml runtime types (at least bigarrays) may be
partially uninitialized, and hashing them at arbitrary program points
may read uninitialized memory. In particular, the OCaml testsuite
fails when running with a memory-sanitizer enabled, as bigarray
printing results in reads to uninitialized memory:

```
==133712==WARNING: MemorySanitizer: use-of-uninitialized-value
    #0 0x4e6d11 in caml_ba_hash /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/bigarray.c:486:45
    #1 0x52474a in caml_hash /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/hash.c:251:35
    #2 0x599ebf in caml_interprete /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/interp.c:1065:14
    #3 0x5a909a in caml_main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/startup_byt.c:575:9
    #4 0x540ccb in main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/main.c:37:3
    #5 0x7f0910abb087 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a087) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
    #6 0x7f0910abb14a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a14a) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
    #7 0x441804 in _start (/var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/ocamlrun+0x441804) (BuildId: 7a60eef57e1c2baf770bc38d10d6c227e60ead37)

  Uninitialized value was created by a heap allocation
    #0 0x47d306 in malloc (/var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/ocamlrun+0x47d306) (BuildId: 7a60eef57e1c2baf770bc38d10d6c227e60ead37)
    #1 0x4e7960 in caml_ba_alloc /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/bigarray.c:246:12
    #2 0x4e801f in caml_ba_create /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/bigarray.c:673:10
    #3 0x59b8fc in caml_interprete /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/interp.c:1058:14
    #4 0x5a909a in caml_main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/startup_byt.c:575:9
    #5 0x540ccb in main /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/main.c:37:3
    #6 0x7f0910abb087 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a087) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
    #7 0x7f0910abb14a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x2a14a) (BuildId: 8f53abaad945a669f2bdcd25f471d80e077568ef)
    ocaml#8 0x441804 in _start (/var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/ocamlrun+0x441804) (BuildId: 7a60eef57e1c2baf770bc38d10d6c227e60ead37)

SUMMARY: MemorySanitizer: use-of-uninitialized-value /var/home/edwin/git/ocaml/runtime/bigarray.c:486:45 in caml_ba_hash
```

The only use of hashing in genprintval is to avoid cycles, that is, it
is only useful for OCaml values that contain other OCaml values
(including possibly themselves). Bigarrays cannot introduce cycles,
and they are always printed as "<abstr>" anyway.

The present commit proposes to be more conservative in which values
are hashed by the cycle detector to avoid this issue: we skip hashing
any value with tag above No_scan_tag -- which may not contain any
OCaml values.

Suggested-by: Gabriel Scherer <gabriel.scherer@gmail.com>

Signed-off-by: Edwin Török <edwin.torok@cloud.com>
Co-authored-by: Edwin Török <edwin.torok@cloud.com>