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Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in certain cancers, many late-stage solid tumors remain “immune cold,” characterized by low T-cell infiltration, dense extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal and vascular barriers, and poor responses to systemic immunotherapy. Overcoming these resistance mechanisms requires localized and controlled reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment to permit effective antitumor immunity.

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This is the author(s)' response to peer review reports related to "Machine Learning Ensemble Investigates Age in the Transcriptomic Response to Spaceflight in Murine Mammary Tissue: An Observational Study"

Spaceflight presents unique environmental stressors, such as microgravity and radiation, that significantly affect biological systems at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. Astronauts face an increased risk of developing cancer due to exposure to ionizing radiation and other spaceflight-related factors. Age plays a crucial role in the body’s response to the cellular stresses that lead to cancer, with younger organisms generally exhibiting more efficient response mechanisms than older ones. The vast majority of research investigating breast cancer risk from spaceflight uses cell lines exposed to simulated radiation and microgravity, but cell lines cannot capture the combinatorial response expressed across tissues, organs, and systems to real radiation and microgravity in space.

This is a peer review report related to "Relationship Between Seed Coat Color and Cytokinin Concentration in Efficiently Regenerating Leaf Lettuce Shoots: In Vitro Experimental Study"

This is the author(s)' response to peer review reports related to "Relationship Between Seed Coat Color and Cytokinin Concentration in Efficiently Regenerating Leaf Lettuce Shoots: In Vitro Experimental Study"

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an economically important leafy vegetable that is cultivated worldwide. Advances in plant biotechnology have enabled the development of transgenic and transplastomic lettuce lines with specific agronomic traits that produce pharmaceutical proteins and biological compounds. Plant regeneration efficiency is a critical and highly cultivar-dependent step in plant genetic transformation. No morphological markers have been identified that predict the regeneration ability or cytokinin requirement in lettuce cultivars, hindering the establishment of efficient regeneration systems.

This is a peer review report related to "Relationship Between Seed Coat Color and Cytokinin Concentration in Efficiently Regenerating Leaf Lettuce Shoots: In Vitro Experimental Study"

This is a peer review report related to "Population interaction in the Jōmon society via three-dimensional data of human crania: Geometric morphometric study"

This is the author(s)' response to peer review reports related to "Population interaction in the Jōmon society via three-dimensional data of human crania: Geometric morphometric study"