< C++ .NET Formatting 6 | Index #1 | Index # 2 | C++ .NET Formatting 8 >
Playing With C++ .NET Formatting 7
| The following are the topics available in this part.
The following code example shows that DateTimeFormatInfo ignores the punctuation in the era name, only if the calendar is Gregorian and the culture uses the era name "A.D.".
|
{
CultureInfo^ myCI = safe_cast<CultureInfo^>(en->Current);
Console::Write("{0, -12}", myCI);
Console::Write("{0,-7}{1,-9}", myCI->DateTimeFormat->GetEra(strADPunc), myCI->DateTimeFormat->GetEra(strADNoPunc));
Console::Write("{0, -7}{1, -9}", myCI->DateTimeFormat->GetEra(strCEPunc), myCI->DateTimeFormat->GetEra(strCENoPunc));
Console::Write("{0}", myCI->Calendar);
Console::WriteLine();
}
return 0;
}
Output:
----- AD ----- ----- CE -----
CULTURE PUNC NO PUNC PUNC NO PUNC CALENDAR
ar-SA -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.HijriCalendar
bg-BG 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
ca-ES -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
zh-TW -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
he-IL -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
hu-HU -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
is-IS 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
it-IT -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
[trimmed]
sk-SK -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
sq-AL 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
sv-SE 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
th-TH -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.ThaiBuddhistCalendar
tr-TR 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
[trimmed]
pa-IN 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
gu-IN 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
syr-SY 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
div-MV -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.HijriCalendar
ar-IQ 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
zh-CN -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
de-CH -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
[trimmed]
sv-FI 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
az-AZ-Cyrl 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
es-PR -1 -1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
[trimmed]
sma-NO 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
sr-BA-Cyrl 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
zu-ZA 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
smj-SE 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
ns-ZA 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
quz-BO 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
se-NO 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
mt-MT 1 1 -1 -1 System.Globalization.GregorianCalendar
Press any key to continue . . .
The following code example creates several TimeSpan objects and displays the properties of each.
// testprog.cpp : main project file.
// Example of the TimeSpan class properties.
#include "stdafx.h"
using namespace System;
// Display the properties of the TimeSpan parameter.
static void ShowTimeSpanProperties( TimeSpan interval )
{
Object^ null = nullptr;
String^ dataFmt = "{0,-12}{1,8} {2,-18}{3,21}";
Console::WriteLine("{0,21}", interval);
Console::WriteLine(dataFmt, "Days", interval.Days, "TotalDays", interval.TotalDays);
Console::WriteLine(dataFmt, "Hours", interval.Hours, "TotalHours", interval.TotalHours);
Console::WriteLine(dataFmt, "Minutes", interval.Minutes, "TotalMinutes", interval.TotalMinutes);
Console::WriteLine(dataFmt, "Seconds", interval.Seconds, "TotalSeconds", interval.TotalSeconds);
Console::WriteLine(dataFmt, "Milliseconds", interval.Milliseconds, "TotalMilliseconds", interval.TotalMilliseconds);
Console::WriteLine(dataFmt, null, null, "Ticks", interval.Ticks);
}
int main()
{
String^ headerFmt = "\n{0,-45}";
Console::WriteLine("This example of the TimeSpan class properties "
"generates the \nfollowing output. It "
"creates several TimeSpan objects and \ndisplays "
"the values of the TimeSpan properties for each.");
// Create and display a TimeSpan value of 1 tick.
Console::Write(headerFmt, "TimeSpan(1)");
ShowTimeSpanProperties(TimeSpan(1));
// Create a TimeSpan value with a large number of ticks.
Console::Write(headerFmt, "TimeSpan(111222333444555 )");
ShowTimeSpanProperties(TimeSpan(111222333444555));
// This TimeSpan has all fields specified.
Console::Write(headerFmt, "TimeSpan(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)");
ShowTimeSpanProperties(TimeSpan(10,20,30,40,50));
// This TimeSpan has all fields overflowing.
Console::Write(headerFmt, "TimeSpan(1111, 2222, 3333, 4444, 5555)");
ShowTimeSpanProperties(TimeSpan(1111,2222,3333,4444,5555));
// This TimeSpan is based on a number of days.
Console::Write(headerFmt, "FromDays(20.84745602)");
ShowTimeSpanProperties(TimeSpan::FromDays(20.84745602));
return 0;
}
Output:
This example of the TimeSpan class properties generates the
following output. It creates several TimeSpan objects and
displays the values of the TimeSpan properties for each.
TimeSpan(1) 00:00:00.0000001
Days 0 TotalDays 1.15740740740741E-12
Hours 0 TotalHours 2.77777777777778E-11
Minutes 0 TotalMinutes 1.66666666666667E-09
Seconds 0 TotalSeconds 1E-07
Milliseconds 0 TotalMilliseconds 0.0001
Ticks 1
TimeSpan(111222333444555 ) 128.17:30:33.3444555
Days 128 TotalDays 128.729552597865
Hours 17 TotalHours 3089.50926234875
Minutes 30 TotalMinutes 185370.555740925
Seconds 33 TotalSeconds 11122233.3444555
Milliseconds 344 TotalMilliseconds 11122233344.4555
Ticks 111222333444555
TimeSpan(10, 20, 30, 40, 50) 10.20:30:40.0500000
Days 10 TotalDays 10.8546302083333
Hours 20 TotalHours 260.511125
Minutes 30 TotalMinutes 15630.6675
Seconds 40 TotalSeconds 937840.05
Milliseconds 50 TotalMilliseconds 937840050
Ticks 9378400500000
TimeSpan(1111, 2222, 3333, 4444, 5555) 1205.22:47:09.5550000
Days 1205 TotalDays 1205.94941614583
Hours 22 TotalHours 28942.7859875
Minutes 47 TotalMinutes 1736567.15925
Seconds 9 TotalSeconds 104194029.555
Milliseconds 555 TotalMilliseconds 104194029555
Ticks 1041940295550000
FromDays(20.84745602) 20.20:20:20.2000000
Days 20 TotalDays 20.8474560185185
Hours 20 TotalHours 500.338944444444
Minutes 20 TotalMinutes 30020.3366666667
Seconds 20 TotalSeconds 1801220.2
Milliseconds 200 TotalMilliseconds 1801220200
Ticks 18012202000000
Press any key to continue . . .
Enumeration Format Strings
You can use the ToString method to create a new string object that represents the numeric, hexadecimal, or string value of an Enum. This method takes one of the enumeration formatting strings to specify the value that you want returned. The following table lists the enumeration formatting strings and the values they return. These format specifiers are not case-sensitive.
| Format string | Result |
| G or g | Displays the enumeration entry as a string value, if possible, and otherwise displays the integer value of the current instance. If the enumeration is defined with the Flags attribute set, the string values of each valid entry are concatenated together, separated by commas. If the Flags attribute is not set, an invalid value is displayed as a numeric entry. |
| F or f | Displays the enumeration entry as a string value, if possible. If the value can be completely displayed as a summation of the entries in the enumeration (even if the Flags attribute is not present), the string values of each valid entry are concatenated together, separated by commas. If the value cannot be completely determined by the enumeration entries, then the value is formatted as the integer value. |
| D or d | Displays the enumeration entry as an integer value in the shortest representation possible. |
| X or x | Displays the enumeration entry as a hexadecimal value. The value is represented with leading zeros as necessary, to ensure that the value is a minimum eight digits in length. |
|
Table 7 | |
The following example defines an enumeration called Colors that consists of three entries: Red, Blue, and Green.
enum class Colors
{
Red = 1,
Blue = 2,
Green = 3
};
After the enumeration is defined, an instance can be declared in the following manner.
Colors MyColors = Colors::Green;
The following example uses the enumeration formatting methods to assign string, numeric, and hexadecimal representations of a DayOfWeek enumeration to the string MyString. This code creates a new instance of the DayOfWeek enumeration called MyDays and assigns it the value Friday. Next, it uses the "G", "F", "D", and "X" formatting strings to assign the different enumeration representations to MyString.
// testprog.cpp : main project file.
// Example of the DayOfWeek enumeration
#include "stdafx.h"
using namespace System;
int main()
{
DayOfWeek MyDays = DayOfWeek::Friday;
String^ MyString = MyDays.ToString("G");
// In the U.S. English culture, MyString has the value: "Friday".
Console::WriteLine("G - {0}", MyString);
MyString = MyDays.ToString("F");
// In the U.S. English culture, MyString has the value: "Friday".
Console::WriteLine("F - {0}", MyString);
MyString = MyDays.ToString("D");
// In the U.S. English culture, MyString has the value: "5".
Console::WriteLine("D - {0}", MyString);
MyString = MyDays.ToString("X");
// In the U.S. English culture, MyString has the value: "00000005".
Console::WriteLine("X - {0}", MyString);
return 0;
}
Output:
DayOfWeek enumeration specifies the day of the week. The member of the enum is listed in the following Table.
| Member name | Description |
| Symbol | |
| Friday | Indicates Friday. |
| Monday | Indicates Monday. |
| Saturday | Indicates Saturday. |
| Sunday | Indicates Sunday. |
| Thursday | Indicates Thursday. |
| Tuesday | Indicates Tuesday. |
| Wednesday | Indicates Wednesday. |
|
Table 8 | |
The DayOfWeek enumeration represents the day of the week in calendars that have seven days per week. This enumeration ranges from zero, indicating Sunday, to six, indicating Saturday. This enumeration is useful when it is desirable to have a strongly typed specification of the day of the week. For example, this enumeration is the type of the property value for the DateTime.DayOfWeek property. The following example demonstrates the DateTime.DayOfWeek property and the DayOfWeek enumeration.
// testprog.cpp : main project file.
// This example demonstrates the DateTime.DayOfWeek property
#include "stdafx.h"
using namespace System;
int main()
{
// Assume the current culture is en-US.
// Create a DateTime for the tenth of March, 2007.
DateTime dt = DateTime(2007,3,10);
Console::WriteLine("Is Thursday the day of the week for {0:d}?: {1}", dt, dt.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek::Thursday);
Console::WriteLine("The day of the week for {0:d} is {1}.", dt, dt.DayOfWeek);
return 0;
}
Output:
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