Octopamine-expressing VUM neuron with a cell body located in abdominal neuromere 8 (a8) of the larval ventral nerve cord. There are two of these cells. Processes arborize in the dorsomedial neuropil of anterior neuromeres and some neurites reach the posterior part of a5. The efferents project via the intersegmental nerve.
Unpaired median neuron of abdominal neuromere 9 (terminal neuromere) of the larval ventral nerve cord (VNC). Its cell body is on the VNC midline in a dorsal location and it arborizes mostly in the dorsal part of A9, but neurites also branch extensively in the dorsal and medial neuropil of A8 and reach the posterior part of A7. It is tyraminergic and octopaminergic. There are two of these cells.
Any tyraminergic neuron of the adult.
Descending neuron belonging to the DNd group, having a cell body just lateral to the antennal lobe, on the anterior surface of the brain (Namiki et al., 2018). It belongs to the ventrolateral protocerebrum (VL) cluster of octopaminergic neurons (Busch et al., 2009). In the brain, it has neurites in the anterior and posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum, wedge, vest and gnathal ganglion, spanning both hemispheres (Busch et al., 2009; Namiki et al., 2018). It descends on the ipsilateral side of the cervical connective, then fasciculates with the dorsal lateral tract of the ventral cervical fascicle (Namiki et al., 2018). It innervates the intermediate and lower tectulum, abdominal neuromere, T1, T2 and T3 leg neuropils, wing sensory neuropil, and T1, T2 and T3 medial ventral and ventral association centers, mainly ipsilaterally (Namiki et al., 2018). There is one of these cells per hemisphere (Busch et al., 2009; Namiki et al., 2018). It is glutamatergic and tyraminergic (Cheong et al., 2024), as well as octopaminergic (Busch et al., 2009).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates internal dorsal acute (DA1,2,3) and dorsal oblique (1,2,3,4,5) muscles as well as lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and dorsal transverse muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a similar central arborization pattern to the lateral and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse (LT1,2,3,4) muscles, as well as the segment border muscle and lateral oblique muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. These neurons have a similar central arborization pattern to the dorsal and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique (VO1,2,4,5,6) and ventral longitudinal (VL1,2) muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (except VO6, which is only present in A2-7) via type II boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a similar central arborization pattern to the dorsal and lateral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Larval tyraminergic neuron with its cell body dorsomedial to the antennal lobe (Selcho et al., 2014). It innervates the subesophageal ganglion and both antennal lobes (Selcho et al., 2014). There are about two of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval tyraminergic neuron with its soma in the anterior dorsomedial protocerebrum, anterior to he mushroom body vertical lobe (Selcho et al., 2014). There are around four of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval anterior dorsomedial protocerebrum tyraminergic neuron that innervates many regions in the dorsal and basal protocerebrum, including the contralateral side (Selcho et al., 2014). There is around one of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval anterior dorsomedial protocerebrum tyraminergic neuron that exclusively innervates the basomedial protocerebrum in both hemispheres (Selcho et al., 2014). There are around two of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval tyraminergic and octopaminergic neuron with its soma located dorsomedially between the labial and prothoracic neuromeres (Vomel and Wegener, 2008).
Larval tyraminergic neuron with its cell body basomedial to the mushroom body calyx (Selcho et al., 2014). It innervates several parts of the protocerebrum and the subesophageal ganglion, then descends to the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres (Selcho et al., 2014). There is one of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 2.
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 4.
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 3.
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 1.
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral longitudinal muscle 1.
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 3.
Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 1.
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the labial neuromere of the larval subesophageal ganglion. There is one of these neurons per hemisphere. They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS. The labial VPM neuron arborizes in the subesophageal ganglion and various regions of the protocerebrum (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron with a cell body at the level of the labial neuromere. There are three of these cells and they have different morphology to the maxillary and mandibular VUM neurons. These are octopaminergic descending neurons (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron of the labial cluster that innervates the subesophageal ganglion and thoracic neuromeres, mainly at lateral levels (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron of the labial cluster that innervates the subesophageal ganglion, the basomedial protocerebrum and the medial and lateral areas of the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron of the labial cluster that densely innervates the subesophageal ganglion and the posterior basolateral and basomedial protocerebrum. One axon per side extends, close to the midline, to the third thoracic neuromere and then follows a more lateral path to ramify in the third thoracic neuromere and all abdominal neuromeres (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a abdominal 1 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 2.
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a abdominal 2 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral oblique muscle 1.
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a abdominal 3 segment border muscle cell.
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a abdominal 4 segment border muscle cell.
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a abdominal 5 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 4.
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a abdominal 6 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 4.
Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a abdominal 7 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 3.
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the mandibular neuromere of the larval subesophageal ganglion. There are two of these neurons per hemisphere. They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS. The mandibular VPM neuron arborizes in the subesophageal ganglion, and also posteriorly into the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval mandibular VPM neuron that extends into the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres on the ipsilateral side (Selcho et al., 2014). There is one of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval mandibular VPM neuron that extends into the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres on the contralateral side (Selcho et al., 2014). There is one of these cells per hemisphere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron with a cell body at the level of the mandibular neuromere. There are three of these cells, which are octopaminergic and are anatomically similar to the maxillary VUM neurons. They are ascending neurons (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval octopaminergic ventral unpaired median neuron of the mandibular neuromere that innervates the subesophageal ganglion, the antennal lobes and the centroposterior medial compartment (clamp) (Selcho et al., 2014). It also innervates the mushroom body calyces via the medial antennal lobe tract. It receives input from FB2N-2 and FFN-35 (Eschbach et al., 2020).
Larval VUM neuron of the mandibular cluster that innervates the subesophageal ganglion and the basomedial, dorsomedial and dorsolateral protocerebrum. It also innervates the larval optic neuropil (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron of the mandibular cluster that innervates the subesophageal ganglion and the posterior basomedial and basolateral protocerebrum. It also has terminals posterior to the mushroom body medial lobe and medial appendix and medial to the mushroom body vertical lobe (Selcho et al., 2014).
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the maxillary neuromere of the larval subesophageal ganglion. There is one of these neurons per hemisphere. They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS (Selcho et al., 2014). The maxillary VPM neuron has its postsynaptic sites mainly in the subesophageal ganglia of both hemispheres and presynaptic sites in the contralateral mushroom body lower vertical lobe (V1 region), as well as the centroposterior lateral compartment (clamp) and the dorsoanterior and dorsoposterior compartments (superior medial protocerebrum) (Saumweber et al., 2018). It receives input from FAN-2, FB2N-20 and FFN-35 (Eschbach et al., 2020). During metamorphosis, it becomes an adult octopaminergic VPM3 neuron (Truman et al., 2023).
Larval VUM neuron with a cell body at the level of the maxillary neuromere. There are three of these cells, which are octopaminergic and are anatomically similar to the mandibular VUM neurons. They are ascending neurons (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval octopaminergic ventral unpaired median neuron of the maxillary neuromere that innervates the subesophageal ganglion, the antennal lobes and the centroposterior medial compartment (clamp) (Selcho et al., 2014). It also innervates the mushroom body calyces via the medial antennal lobe tract. It receives input from FB2N-2 and FFN-35 (Eschbach et al., 2020).
Larval VUM neuron of the maxillary cluster that innervates the subesophageal ganglion and the basomedial, dorsomedial and dorsolateral protocerebrum. It also innervates the larval optic neuropil (Selcho et al., 2014).
Larval VUM neuron of the maxillary cluster that innervates the subesophageal ganglion and the posterior basomedial and basolateral protocerebrum. It also has terminals posterior to the mushroom body medial lobe and medial appendix and medial to the mushroom body vertical lobe (Selcho et al., 2014).
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the mesothoracic neuromere of the larval ventral nerve cord. There is one of these neurons per hemisphere. They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS. The mesothoracic VPM neuron arborizes in the contralateral medial neuropil of the prothoracic neuromere and the subesophageal ganglion. A secondary neurite bifurcates in the contralateral prothoracic neuromere to innervate the mediodorsal subesophageal ganglion and the tritocerebrum (Selcho et al., 2012).
Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T2 and T1. It also innervates the anterior part of T3 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM2sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM2isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012).
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the metathoracic neuromere of the larval ventral nerve cord. There is one of these neurons per hemisphere. They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS. The metathoracic VPM neuron bifurcates after crossing the midline, with one process running anteriorly to the subesophageal ganglion. The other process innervates the dorsomedial and dorsolateral neuropil of the thoracic neuromeres. The metathoracic VPN neuron also arborizes in the basal protocerebrum (Selcho et al., 2012).
Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T3 and T2. It also innervates the anterior part of A1 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM3sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM3isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012).
Larval neuron with its soma posterior to the vertical lobe, presynapses in the dorsal tip (V3 segment) of the ipsilateral vertical lobe of the mushroom body and postsynaptic sites in the anterior and posterior superior medial protocerebrum (Saumweber et al., 2018). This neuron is tyraminergic (Eichler et al., 2017). It receives input from FBNs, FB2Ns and FFNs (Eschbach et al., 2020). It develops from the CP3 (DL2) neuroblast and develops into an adult PPL1 SMP-gamma neuron during metamorphosis (Saumweber et al., 2018; Truman et al., 2023).
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the larval central nervous system. Their cell bodies are found in the ventral cortex of the three subesophageal neuromeres (Selcho et al., 2014), the three thoracic neuromeres and the first abdominal neuromere, somewhat ventro-lateral to the VM fascicles (Vomel and Wegener, 2008). They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies of the same neuromere, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS. Most VPM neurons project anteriorly and cross the midline to arborize mainly in the contralateral neuropil (Selcho et al., 2012; Selcho et al., 2014).
Octopaminergic, bilaterally-paired neuron of the prothoracic neuromere of the larval ventral nerve cord. There is one of these neurons per hemisphere. They form a cluster with the VUM neuron cell bodies, but unlike the VUM neurons, the VPM neurons are restricted to the CNS (Selcho et al., 2012).
Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval prothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T1 and the posterior subesophageal ganglion. It also innervates the anterior part of T2 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM1sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM1isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012).
Ventral unpaired median cell that has a cell body in the larval subesophageal ganglion. These are octopaminergic cells, but unlike thoracic and abdominal VUM neurons, they are not motor neurons. Ascending sVUM neurons are found in the mandibular and maxillary neuromeres and descending neurons are found in the labial neuromere (Selcho et al., 2014).
Any tyraminergic neuron of the larva.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 2.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 1.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 1.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 2.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 1.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 2.
Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 1.
Larval tyraminergic neuron with its soma in a dorsolateral position in one of abdominal neuromeres A1-7 (Vomel and Wegener, 2008).