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Python Articles
Page 841 of 854
Transpose a matrix in Python?
Transpose a matrix means we’re turning its columns into its rows. Let’s understand it by an example what if looks like after the transpose.Let’s say you have original matrix something like -x = [[1, 2][3, 4][5, 6]]In above matrix “x” we have two columns, containing 1, 3, 5 and 2, 4, 6.So when we transpose above matrix “x”, the columns becomes the rows. So the transposed version of the matrix above would look something like -x1 = [[1, 3, 5][2, 4, 6]]So the we have another matrix ‘x1’, which is organized differently with different values in different places.Below are couple ...
Read MoreTime Functions in Python?
Python provides library to read, represent and reset the time information in many ways by using “time” module. Date, time and date time are an object in Python, so whenever we do any operation on them, we actually manipulate objects not strings or timestamps.In this section we’re going to discuss the “time” module which allows us to handle various operations on time.The time module follows the “EPOCH” convention which refers to the point where the time starts. In Unix system “EPOCH” time started from 1 January, 12:00 am, 1970 to year 2038.To determine the EPOCH time value on your system, ...
Read MoreInplace vs Standard Operators in Python
Inplace Operator in PythonInplace operation is an operation which directly changes the content of a given linear algebra or vector or metrices without making a copy. Now the operators, which helps to do this kind of operation is called in-place operator.Let’s understand it with an a simple example -a=9 a += 2 print(a)output11Above the += tie input operator. Here first, a add 2 with that a value is updated the previous value.Above principle applies to other operators also. Common in place operators are -+=-=*=/=%=Above principle applies to other types apart from numbers, for example -language = "Python" language +="3" print(language)OutputPython3Above ...
Read MoreDevelop Notepad using Tkinter in python
Tkinter is a GUI library from python from which we can create multiple GUI apps. Here, using tkinter we will develop a notepad like text editor. This notepad will have the menu where we can create new file, open existing file, save the file, editing, cut and paste, all functionality will there.PrerequisitePython installed.Tkinter installed.Note: tkinter comes as a standard library with python 3.x.Adding menu items:Our notepad will have four main menu items: File, Edit, Commands & Help. Our file menu item will have four sub-items- New, Open, Save & Exit.Our edit menu item will have three sub-items- cut, copy & ...
Read MorePython bootstrapping the pip installer
In addition to the modules and packages built in to the standard distribution of Python, large number of packages from third party developers are uploaded to Python package repository called Python Package Index (https://pypi.org/. To install packages from here, pip utility is needed. The pip tool is an independent project, but since Python 3.4, it has been bootstrapped in Python distribution.The ensurepip module provides support for bootstrapping pip in existing installation of Python. Normally user doesn't need to use it explicitly. If however, installation of pip is skipped in normal installation or virtual environment, it may be needed.Following command will ...
Read MorePython Low-level threading API
The '_thread' module in Python library provides a low-level interface for working with light-weight processes having multiple threads sharing a global data space. For synchronization, simple locks (also called mutexes or binary semaphores) are defined in this module. The 'threading' built-in module provides a higher-level threading API built on top of this module.start_new_thread()This module-level function is used to open a new thread in the current process. The function takes a function object as an argument. This function gets invoked on successful creation of the new thread. The span of this function corresponds to the lifespan of the thread. The thread ...
Read MoreByte-compile Python libraries
Python is an interpreter based language. However it internally compiles the source code to byte code when a script (.py extension) is run and afterwards the bytecode version is automatically removed. When a module (apart from the precompiled built-in modules) is first imported, its compiled version is also automatically built but saved with .pyc extension in __pycache__ folder. Subsequent calls to import same module again won't recompile the module instead uses the one already built.However, a Python script file with .py extension can be compiled expilicitly without running it. The 'py_compile' module contains 'compile()' function for that purpose. Name of ...
Read MoreTrace or track Python statement execution (trace)
Function in the 'trace' module in Python library generates trace of program execution, and annotated statement coverage. It also has functions to list functions called during run by generating caller relationships.Following two Python scripts are used as an example to demonstrate features of trace module.#myfunctions.py import math def area(x): a = math.pi*math.pow(x, 2) return a def factorial(x): if x==1: return 1 else: return x*factorial(x-1)#mymain.py import myfunctions def main(): x = 5 print ('area=', myfunctions.area(x)) ...
Read MorePython class browser support
The pyclbr module in Python library extracts information about the functions, classes, and methods defined in a Python module. The information is extracted from the Python source code rather than by importing the module.This module defines readmodule() function that return a dictionary mapping module-level class names to class descriptors. The function takes a module name as parameter. It may be the name of a module within a package. In that case path is a sequence of directory paths prepended to sys.path, which is used to locate the module source code.Following code uses readmodule() function to parse classes and methods in ...
Read MorePython import modules from Zip archives (zipimport)
Use of 'zipimport' module makes it possible to import Python modules and packages from ZIP-format archives. This module also allows an item of sys.path to be a string naming a ZIP file archive. Any files may be present in the ZIP archive, but only files .py and .pyc are available for import. ZIP import of dynamic modules is disallowed.Functionality of this module is explained by first building a zip archive of files in 'newdir' directory. Following files are assumed to be present in newdir directory['guess.py', 'hello.py', 'impzip.py', 'mytest.py', 'prime.py', 'prog.py', 'tmp.py']import sys, glob import zipfile files = glob.glob("*.py") print (files) ...
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