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Microcontroller Articles
Found 321 articles
Concept of Direct Memory Access (DMA)
The microcomputer system basically consists of three blocksThe microprocessorThe memories of microprocessor like EPROM and RAMThe I/O ports by which they are connected.The possible data transfers are indicated below.Between the memory and microprocessor data transfer occurs by using the LDA and STA instructions.Between microprocessor and I/O ports also data transfer occurs by the help of two instructions IN and OUT.Through DMA data transfer, data is transferred between the Input Output ports and the memory.Fig: The figure shows possible ways of data transfers in a microcomputer system.For performing the data transfer either between the microprocessor and memory or between I/O ports ...
Read MoreInterfacing Stepper Motor with 8051Microcontroller
In this section, we will see how to connect a stepper motor with Intel 8051 Microcontroller. Before discussing the interfacing techniques, we will see what are the stepper motors and how they work.Stepper MotorStepper motors are used to translate electrical pulses into mechanical movements. In some disk drives, dot matrix printers, and some other different places the stepper motors are used. The main advantage of using the stepper motor is the position control. Stepper motors generally have a permanent magnet shaft (rotor), and it is surrounded by a stator. Normal motor shafts can move freely but the stepper motor shafts move ...
Read More8051 Program to Add two 8 Bit numbers
Intel 8051 is an 8-bit microcontroller. It has many powerful instructions and IO accessing techniques. In this section, we will see one of the simplest program using 8051.Here we will add two8-bit numbers using this microcontroller. The register A(Accumulator) is used as one operand in the operations. There are seven registers R0 – R7 in different register banks. We can use any of them as the second operand.We are taking two number 5FH and D8H at location 20H and 21H, After adding them, the result will be stored at location 30H and 31H. AddressValue...20H5FH21HD8H...30H00H31H00H...ProgramMOVR0, #20H;set source address 20H to R0 ...
Read More8085 program to multiply two 8 bit numbers
In this program we will see how to multiply two 8-bit numbers using 8085 microprocessor.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to multiply two 8-bit numbers stored in memory location and store the 16-bit results into the memory.DiscussionThe 8085 has no multiplication operation. To get the result of multiplication, we should use the repetitive addition method.After multiplying two 8-bit numbers it may generate 1-byte or 2-byte numbers, so we are using two registers to hold the result.We are saving the data at location 8000H and 8001H. The result is storing at location 8050H and 8051H.InputAddressData......8000DC8001AC......Flow DiagramProgramAddressHEX CodesLabelsMnemonicsCommentsF00021, 00, 80LXI H, 8000HLoad ...
Read MoreStack and the stack pointer in 8085 Microprocessor
The stack is a LIFO (last in, first out) data structure implemented in the RAM area and is used to store addresses and data when the microprocessor branches to a subroutine. Then the return address used to get pushed on this stack. Also to swap values of two registers and register pairs we use the stack as well.In the programmer‘s view of 8085, only the general purpose registers A, B, C, D, E, H, and L, and the Flags registers were discussed so far. But in the complete programmer’s view of 8085, there are two more special purpose registers, each ...
Read MoreInterfacing DAC with 8051 Microcontroller
In this section we will see how DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) using Intel 8051 Microcontroller. We will also see the sinewave generation using DAC.The Digital to Analog converter (DAC) is a device, that is widely used for converting digital pulses to analog signals. There are two methods of converting digital signals to analog signals. These two methods are binary weighted method and R/2R ladder method. In this article we will use the MC1408 (DAC0808) Digital to Analog Converter. This chip uses R/2R ladder method. This method can achieve a much higher degree of precision. DACs are judged by its ...
Read MoreFlags register in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 microprocessor, the flags register can have a total of eight flags. Thus a flag can be represented by 1 bit of information. But only five flags are implemented in 8085. And they are:Carry flag (Cy), Auxiliary carry flag (AC), Sign flag (S), Parity flag (P), andZero flag (Z).The respective position of these flag bits in flag register has been show the below figure. The positions marked by “x” are to be considered as don't care bits in the flags register. The user is not required to memorize the positions of these flags in the flags register.Fig. Flags registerNow ...
Read MoreDifference Between FPGA and Microcontroller
FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) and microcontrollers are two types of integrated circuits that serve different functions in electronic systems. While both can be used to implement digital logic functions, they have major architectural, flexibility, and application domain differences. Read this article to find out more about FPGA and Microcontrollers and how they are different from each other. What is FPGA? FPGA is an abbreviation for Field-Programmable Gate Array. It is an integrated circuit (IC) that contains a set of programmable logic blocks and interconnects. FPGAs are distinct in that they may be programmed or configured after manufacturing by a ...
Read MoreDifference between 8051 and MSP430
There are two different types of microcontrollers namely, 8051 microcontroller and MSP430 microcontrollers that are widely used in a variety of embedded systems. The fundamental difference between 8051 microcontroller and MSP430 microcontroller is that the 8051 microcontroller is an 8-bit microcontroller, while the MSP430 microcontroller is a 16-bit microcontroller. In this article, we will discuss the important differences between 8051 and MSP430 microcontrollers. But before that let’s have a look into the basics of 8051 microcontroller and MSP430 microcontroller. What is 8051 Microcontroller? The 8051 microcontroller is an 8-bit microcontroller. It was developed by Intel corporation in the year of ...
Read MoreDifference between AVR and PIC
A microcontroller is a small processing device which is primarily designed to perform specific functions within a large system. For example, a microcontroller is used in an air conditioner to automatically control and adjust the temperature of a room. The main parts that a microcontroller has are: central processing unit (CPU), memory unit, and I/O interfaces. All these components of the microcontroller are formed on a single chip. A microcontroller can be programmed using various programming languages like C language, assembly language, etc. to perform a specific function. Microcontrollers are widely used in a variety of electronic devices, such as ...
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