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Microprocessor Articles
Page 24 of 42
Decimal addition in 8085 Microprocessor
In a digital computer, everything is represented using 0s and 1s only. For example, instruction will have a code using only 0s and 1s. Data is also represented using 0s and 1s. Data can be of different types like unsigned numbers, signed numbers, floating point numbers, binary coded decimal (BCD) numbers, etc. Thus, a series of 0s and 1s will acquire a value based on the interpretation. For decimal addition, we are having a very important and common instruction DAD. Let us discuss more on that instruction now.In spite of the fact that 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor, but there ...
Read More8085 program to multiply two 8 bit numbers using logical instructions
In this program we will see how to multiply using logical operators.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to multiply two 8-bit numbers using logical operators.DiscussionWe are assuming the first number is in register B, and second number is in register C, and the result must not have any carry.Here we are multiplying with 04H. We can perform the multiplication by left rotate two times. Assign 06H into B, and 04H into C. Load B to A, then rotate the accumulator two times. Store the result into a specified memory.InputRegisterDataB06C04Flow Diagram ProgramAddressHEX CodesLabelsMnemonicsCommentsF00006, 06 MVI B, 06H F0020E, 04 MVI C, 04H F00478 MOV A, BLoad B ...
Read MoreTiming and control unit in 8085 Microprocessor
We use Timing and Controlling unit in 8085 for the generation of timing signals and the signals to control. All the operations and functions both interior and exterior of a microprocessor are controlled by this unit. X2 and CLK output pins: To do or rather perform the operations of timing in the microcomputer system, we have a generator called clock generator in the CU of 8085. Other than the quartz crystal the complete circuit of the oscillator is within the chip. The two pins namely X1 and X2 are taken out from the chip to give the connection to the ...
Read More8085 program to find square of a 8 bit number
In this program, we will see how to find the square of an 8-bit number.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to find the square of a number The number is stored at location 8000H, store the result at 8050H.DiscussionIn 8085, we cannot perform the multiplication operation directly. We are performing the multiplication by using repetitive addition. To get square of a number, we have to multiply the number with itself.InputAddressData……80000C……Flow Diagram ProgramAddressHEX CodesLabelsMnemonicsCommentsF00021, 00, 80 LXI H, 8000HLoad the number from 8000HF003AF XRA AClear accumulatorF00446 MOV B, MLoad data from memory to BF00586LOOPADD MAdd memory byte with AF00605 DCR BDecrease B by 1F007C2, 05, F0 JNZ ...
Read MoreTemporary (temp) register in 8085 Microprocessor
Temporary register is also an 8-bit register which the programmer can’t access at all. It is temporarily stored inside 8085 microprocessor which is 8 bit operand to the instruction set. For example, when the fetching of instructions “MVI M, 34H” is done the instruction register IR register will receive the opcode for MVI M, and the Temp register receives 34H.The operations of arithmetic and logical sequence carried out involves two operands, among which one is operand is provided by the accumulator, and the other operand is provided by the Temp register. For example, in the addition process the instruction to ...
Read More8085 program to reverse 8 bit number
In this program we will see how to reverse the digits of an 8-bit number using 8085.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to reverse an 8-bit number stored at location 8000H. Also, store the result at 8050H.DiscussionHere the task is too simple. There are some rotating instructions in 8085. The RRC, RLC are used to rotate the Accumulator content to the right and left respectively without carry. We can use either RRC or RLC to perform this task.InputAddressData……80004C……Flow Diagram ProgramAddressHEX CodesLabelsMnemonicsCommentsF0003A, 00, 80 LDA 8000HTake the number from memoryF0030F RRCRotate right without carry four timesF0040F RRC F0050F RRC F0060F RRC F00732, 50, 80 STA 8050HStore the result at memoryF00A76 HLTTerminate the ...
Read More8085 program to add three 16 bit numbers stored in registers
In this program we will see how to add three 16-bit numbers stored in register pairs.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to add three 16-bit numbers stored in register pair BC, DE and HL. Store the result at DE register pair.DiscussionIn this program we are storing the 16-bit numbers into BC, DE and HL pair. We have DAD D instruction which helps to add HL and DE register pair, and store the result into HL pair. After that copy BC to DE, then again perform DAD D to add them. Finally using XCHG we are storing them into DE register ...
Read MoreGeneral purpose registers in 8086 microprocessor
The general purpose registers are used to store temporary data in the time of different operations in microprocessor. 8086 has eight general purpose registers. The description of these general purpose registersRegisterFunctionAXThis is the accumulator. It is 16-bit registers, but it is divided into two 8-bit registers. These registers are AH and AL. AX generally used for arithmetic or logical instructions, but it is not mandatory in 8086.BXBX is another register pair consisting of BH and BL. This register is used to store the offset values.CXCX is generally used as control register. It has two parts CH and CL. For different looping ...
Read More8085 program to find the factorial of a number
In this program we will see how to find the factorial of a number.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to find the factorial of an 8-bit number.DiscussionIn 8085, there is no direct instruction to perform multiplication. We need to perform repetitive addition to get the result of the multiplication. In each step we are decreasing the value of B and multiply with the previous value of B. We are repeating these steps until B reaches 1. and B – 1 to 0. Thus the factorial is generated.InputAddressData800005Flow Diagram ProgramAddressHEX CodesLabelsMnemonicsCommentsF00021, 00, 80 LXI H, 8000HLoad the numberF00346 MOV B, MTake number from memory ...
Read MoreString manipulation instructions in 8086 microprocessor
String is a group of bytes/words and their memory is always allocated in a sequential order. String is either referred as byte string or word string. Here we will see some instructions which are used to manipulate the string related operations.The String manipulation instructions are as follows.OpcodeOperandDescriptionREPInstructionUsed to repeat the given instruction till CX ≠ 0.REPE/REPZInstructionUsed to repeat the given instruction until CX = 0 or zero flag ZF = 1.REPNE/REPNZInstructionUsed to repeat the given instruction until CX = 0 or zero flag ZF = 1.MOVS/MOVSB/MOVSW----Used to move the byte/word from one string to another.COMS/COMPSB/COMPSW----Used to compare two string bytes/words.INS/INSB/INSW----Used ...
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