Technical Papers

FIGURE 2 EXAMPLE OF UPHEAVAL BOWING OF A GAS TRANSMISSION FROM MINE SUBSIDENCE

Establishing Pipeline Geohazard Mitigation Protocols

FIGURE 1 CHIMNEY SUBSIDENCE EXPOSED DURING UNDERCUTTING DURING MASS GRADING

Treatment of a Proposed Construction Site with Karstified Limestone Bedrock in Alabama

FIGURE 1—PHASED OVER-EXCAVATION PLAN FOR MITIGATING UNDERLYING SUBSIDENCE PRONE KARST FEATURES

Subsidence Engineering in Pennsylvanian Karst Terrain

FIGURE 1 ILLUSTRATION OF SURFACE MINING OPERATIONS

Surface Ground Movement Over Reclaimed Mine Areas

FIGURE 1 DOLINE DISCOVERED DURING SITE INSPECTION

Subsidence Engineering in Floridian Karst Terrain

FIGURE 2 VIDEO OF ONGOING BREACH OF THE COFFERDAM DUE TO UNDERSEEPAGE http://meacorporation.com/wp-content/uploads/095.mov

Failure Investigation of a Cofferdam Failure

FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF SUBSIDENCE RISK MAP ACROSS A LARGE PROJECT AREA

Advanced Analysis of Aerial Subsidence Risk

FIGURE 1 LOCATIONS OF SCHOOL AND THE 2007 SAG SUBSIDENCE EVENT AND DEMOLISHED SECTION OF THE STRUCTURE

School Board Avoids Mine Stabilization

FIGURE 1 MINE SUBSIDENCE DECISION TREE DIAGRAM©

Handling Potential Mine Subsidence at a Project Site

FIGURE 1 GENERALIZED FLOOR GEOLOGIC COLUMN ACROSS THE COAL RESERVE

Coal Mine Design with Difficult Floor Conditions

FIGURE 4 COLLAPSE OF MSE WALL SECTION

MSE Wall Failures from Use of Non-Durable Backfill

FIGURE 2 UPHEAVAL BUCKLING OF A PIPELINE FROM LAND SUBSIDENCE FROM MINING

Upheaval Buckling of Pipelines

FIGURE 2 SUBSURFACE CROSS-SECTION

De-Erection of Steel Framed Structure Due to Excessive Settlement

FIGURE 2 AERIAL IMAGE OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE DIVERSION STRUCTURE COMPLETED

Design Submittal Review Difficulties in Open/Braced Cut Construction

FIGURE 1 COAL MINE LOCATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES

Coal Mine Locations in the United States

FIGURE 1 MORE COMMON FORMS OF FREE STANDING (CANTILEVER) COFFERDAMS

Improved Methods of Cofferdam Design

FIGURE 1 WORKERS STANDING ALONGSIDE CLAY CARTS IN ONE OF THE HIGHLANDS FIRECLAY COMPANY’S TUNNELS UNDER THE OLD FOREST PARK HIGHLANDS IN 1908. Photo by Sam Leone. From: https://bit.ly/2Wwn4ZA

Mining and Associated Subsidence in St. Louis and St. Louis County, MO

FIGURE 1 COLLAPSED COAL STORAGE STRUCTURE FROM THE GREAT TANGSHAN EARTHQUAKE (CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, 2002)

Earthquake Effects and Subsidence Associated with Mining Operations

FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT RISK

Property Management System for Geotechnical Risks

FIGURE 1 CROSS-SECTION ILLUSTRATING DAM LOCATION DOWNSTREAM FROM FLOODED ABANDONED WORKS AND UPSTREAM FROM ACTIVE LONGWALLING

Catastrophic Failure of an Underground Dam

FIGURE 4 AN 80 FT. STEEPLY SLOPED RSS CONSTRUCTED FOR A ROAD EMBANKMENT

Advantages of Reinforced Earth Over Other Earth Retainage Systems

FIGURE 1 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MAP OF THE U.S AND MAJOR SEISMIC ZONES IN THE CENTRAL-EAST U.S. (AFTER USGS 2014)

Earthquake Hazards in the Midwest

FIGURE 1 EXAMPLES OF AESTHETIC DAMAGE

The Importance of Estimating Damage Potential

FIGURE 2: APPLICATION OF REINFORCED SOIL WALL IN A ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Using Reinforced Soil for Construction of Retaining Structures and Earth Slopes

FIGURE 1 SUBSIDENCE HISTORY OF KNOWN SUBSIDENCE AREA IN SPRINGFIELD, IL

Satellite Surveillance of Ground Movement

FIGURE 3 ILLUSTRATION OF THE DOWNWARD ABSORPTION AND WETTING FRONT IN THE SUBSURFACE CLAYSTONE MATERIALS

500 Ft. Assembly Platform on Concrete Piers Heaves

FIGURE 2 EXAMPLE OF EFFECT OF WATER EXPOSURE ON MUDSTONE

Moisture Softening Effects on Mine Floors

FIGURE 2 ROOF FAILURE ABOVE ROOM

Hydrologic Impacts on an Underground Abandoned Coal Mine

FIGURE 2: LARGE SINKHOLE FROM A LIMESTONE CAVERN COLLAPSE (COURTESY OF UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, 2012)

Risk Investigation of Karst on Sinkhole/Subsidence Prone Lands

FIGURE 3: CALCULATED TOTAL SETTLEMENT DUE TO THE LEVEE ENLARGEMENT

Investigation of Excessive Fill Shrinkage from Embankment Construction

FIGURE 1: ISOMETRIC VIEW OF ROOM-AND-PILLAR MINES

Developer Avoids Substantial Risk of Subsidence Damage

FIGURE 3: SUCCESSFULLY INSTALLED MODIFIED SECANT WALL CONSISTING OF STIFF CONCRETE SHAFTS THAT PROTECTED IMMEDIATE EXISTING BUILDINGS

Foundation Construction in Difficult Close-Quarter Conditions

FIGURE 2: MINE OPENINGS IN 400 FT. HIGH ROCK CUT. MINE ROOF CAVED UPWARD OVER TIME.

Risk Based Analysis Results in Efficient Mine Stabilization

FIGURE 1: DESIGN CROSS-SECTION OF THE HANGAR SLAB

Hangar Slab Assessment for Poor, As-Built Subbase/Subgrade Conditions

FIGURE 1: DIFFERENTIAL HEAVE OF 1.3 IN. FROM SUBGRADE SWELLING BETWEEN THE TAXIWAY

Airport Pavement Subbase and Subgrade Preparation Difficulties

FIGURE 2 PLOT OF RADAR ATTENUATION RATES VERSUS RAY PATH DISTANCE

Borehole Radar Used to Identify Deep Coal Pillars

FIGURE 3 PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING THE RESULTING SLIDE FROM RIVERSIDE EXCAVATION

Construction Slide Causes Significant Delay and Added Costs

Figure 1: Primary Modes of Mine Failure

Establishing Mine Subsidence Risk

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL PICTURE SHOWING THE MUSHROOMING OF THE PIER TOP

Foundation Recommendations Result In Unnecessary Large Cost

FIGURE 3 FALLING WEIGHT DEFLECTOMETER EQUIPMENT USED TO LOAD TEST THE PAVEMENT

Asphalt Quality Investigation

FIGURE 1 RELATIONSHIP OF LONGWALL FACE AND SUBSIDENCE WAVE

Assessment of Critical Face Travel Beneath Surface Structures

FIGURE 1 LANDSLIDE INTO A WATER CHANNEL DURING THE PLACEMENT OF FILL

Landslide During Land Development

FIGURE 1 VERY LARGE BUBBLE IN THE FLOOR LINER WHICH GREW OUT OF THE WATER DURING THE OPERA

Investigation and Repair of a Failed Olympic Pool

FIGURE 1 BOREHOLE RADAR SYSTEM SHOWING RAY PATHS AND ATTENUATION BY A VOID IN THE COAL SEAM

Cross-Hole Radar Used to Locate Mined-Out Areas

FIGURE 1: FALLING WEIGHT DEFLECTOMOETER (FWD) IN USE

Investigation of Pavement Performance

FIGURE 1: PICTURE SHOWING SAG SUBSIDENCE WHICH FORMED DURING CONSTRUCTION AND ENCOMPASSED AN ELEVATOR PIT

Mine Subsidence Damage During Construction of Medical Center and Remedial Measures

FIGURE 1: CROSS-SECTION OF SOFTENING OF THE MINE FLOOR AFTER POOLING OF GROUNDWATER USED IN MODELING

Smart Coal Extraction with Varying Soft Floor Conditions

FIGURE 3: FAILED CANAL BANK DURING CANAL

Anatomy of Canal Geo-Construction Difficulties

FIGURE 1: MINE AREA WHICH SUPPORTS THE SURFACE STRUCTURE

Anatomy of Grouting Mine Voids

FIGURE 1: LONGWALL SUBSIDENCE GROUND MOVEMENTS

Transmission Pipeline Subsidence From Mining

FIGURE 1 CROSS-SECTION OF FOUNDATION SCHEME USED TO RESIST LATERAL BUT LIMITED SUBSIDENCE GROUND MOVEMENTS

Foundation Treatment with Deep Mine Grouting

Owner looking at his house with cracks in the side.

Geotechnical Investigation of Building Damage

FIGURE 1 SOIL COMPACTED TO SPECIFICATIONS BECOMES TOO WEAK AT ALLOWABLE MOISTURE CONTENTS OR WHEN EXPOSED TO MOISTURE

Investigation of a Roadway Failure

FIGURE 1 MEA BOREHOLE RADAR SYSTEM: ANTENNAS BEING LOWERED INTO BORINGS IN ORDER TO CONDUCT A CROSS-HOLE SURVEY

Borehole Radar Determines Solid Coal and Mined-Out Areas

FIGURE 6 GRAVEL BEING INSTALLED IN BUILDING PAD AND AGAINST FROZEN FILL SLOPE

Frozen Fill Causes Building Damage

FIGURE 3 EXCAVATOR FULCRUM ACTION WHICH DETERMINES DIGGING FORCE

Hard Excavation Dispute

FIGURE 1 INITIAL LAYOUT OF PILLAR SUPPORT CONTEMPLATED OVER THE PIPELINE

Improvement of Mine Support Saves Pipeline from Subsidence Event

FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF SUBSIDENCE RISK MAP FOR A STRUCTURE

Mitigation of Mine Subsidence Risk to a Prison Complex

FIGURE 3 HOUSE THAT WAS NOT BOLTED DOWN WAS KNOCKED OFF ITS FOUNDATION DURING THE LOMA PRIETA EARTHQUAKE

Response of House Foundations During Earthquake

FIGURE 1 UNSOAKED AND SOAKED CBR VALUES VERSUS MOISTURE CONTENT AT STANDARD COMPACTION FOR SUBGRADE SOIL

Soil Provides Poor Road Construction Support

FIGURE 1 PLAN OF PHASE II CONSTRUCTION WITH OUTLINE OF MINING AND MINE AREAS THAT WERE GROUTED

Successful Deep Mine Backfilling to Mitigate Mine Subsidence

FIGURE 1 CONFIGURATION OF TEST WALLS

Successful Field Test of Steel Strap Repair