New to backpacking? You’re not alone. Below are answers to some of the most common questions beginners have when planning their first overnight trip.
Planning Your Trip
Where can I camp when backpacking?
You can camp in designated campgrounds, backcountry sites, or dispersed areas on public land. Always check local regulations and permits first.
How far should I hike on my first trip?
For beginners, 3–6 miles per day is a good starting point. Factor in your fitness, terrain, and pack weight before committing to longer distances.
How do I prepare for a backpacking trip?
Research your route, pack the essentials, check the weather, and let someone know your plan. Test your gear at home so you’re comfortable using it in the backcountry.
Gear & Packing
How heavy should my backpack be?
A good rule of thumb is no more than 20–25% of your body weight. The lighter your pack, the more enjoyable your trip will be.
Do I need special shoes for backpacking?
Lightweight hiking shoes or boots with good grip and ankle support are best. Make sure they’re broken in before your trip to avoid blisters.
What’s the most important gear to bring?
The “Ten Essentials”: navigation (map/compass), sun protection, extra clothing, light, first aid, fire starter, repair kit/tools, food, water, and emergency shelter.
Should I rent or buy gear as a beginner?
Renting is a smart way to try backpacking without a big upfront cost. When you are ready to buy, we can credit your rental fee toward the same bundled set you used. Email info@nearzero.co and we will set it up.
How to know what size torso frame I need?
Fit basics
Set the hipbelt on top of your hip bones so your hips carry the weight. Let the shoulder straps just touch your shoulders. Keep the load lifters angled slightly upward.
S 15 to 17 inches 38 to 43 cm
M 17 to 19 inches 43 to 48 cm
L 19 to 21 inches 48 to 53 cm
If you measure between sizes, choose the shorter setting and fine tune with the load lifters. If your torso is over 21 inches, use L and raise the harness to the top of its range.
DEAN setup
- Measure from the neck bump to the top of your hip bones.
- Choose a DEAN harness setting S, M, or L that covers that number. If you fall between sizes, pick the shorter one.
- From behind the mesh back panel, unhook the metal clasp from the webbing loop. Feed the clasp through the mesh slit and hook it to the mesh loop for your size.
- Put a little weight in the pack and tighten the hipbelt.
- Lightly snug the load lifters and clip the sternum strap.
- Fine tune with the load lifters until the straps just rest on your shoulders.
Food & Water
How much food should I bring?
Plan for 2,500–4,000 calories per day depending on your activity level. Lightweight, calorie-dense foods like trail mix, tortillas, nut butters, and dehydrated meals work best.
How much water should I carry?
Bring at least 2 liters to start, plus a water filter or purification tablets so you can refill safely from lakes or streams.
What’s the best way to store food at camp?
Use a bear canister or hang food in a bag 200 feet from your tent and cooking area. This keeps animals away from your campsite.
Can I cook over a campfire?
Sometimes, but not always. Fires aren’t allowed in many areas. A lightweight backpacking stove is the easiest and most reliable way to cook.
What kind of food should I bring?
Choose lightweight, easy-to-cook meals: dehydrated food, instant rice or pasta, oatmeal, energy bars, and trail mix.
How do I keep food safe from animals?
Store food in bear-proof canisters, hang it in a tree, or use food lockers when provided. Never leave food in your tent.
Safety & Navigation
What if I don’t have cell service?
Bring a paper map and compass (and know how to use them). A GPS device or satellite messenger is also helpful for emergencies. Today’s newest smartphones like the iPhone 14–16, Google Pixel 9 series, and Samsung Galaxy S24/S25 (and Z Flip/Fold models) now come with built-in satellite SOS and messaging, letting you text or share your location even without cell service. Rugged options like the CAT S75 and Huawei’s Mate 60 Pro also support satellite calls or emergency messages. Availability varies by carrier, but most major brands now include some form of off-grid satellite contact.
Can I leave my car parked overnight?
Usually yes, but check the trailhead or ranger station for rules. Some require a permit or parking pass.
Where should I put my car keys while backpacking?
It’s always best to keep your keys sealed in a waterproof bag and tucked safely inside your backpack so you don’t lose them while on the trail. That said, accidents can happen — you might set them down at camp or drop them along the way. For peace of mind, some people like to bring a backup option such as a spare key stored with a trusted friend or family member who could help if needed.
Others prefer to hide their keys near their car. If you do this, be sure to choose a spot that’s safe, secure, and well concealed — never in obvious places like under a wheel well or on top of a tire. The goal is to have quick access without making your vehicle vulnerable.
Do I really need a map if I have a phone?
Yes — phones can run out of battery or lose service. Always carry a paper map and compass as backup.
How do I know where water sources are?
Most maps show reliable streams, lakes, or springs. Always treat or filter water before drinking.
What if I get lost?
Stop moving, stay calm, and try to retrace your steps. Use your map or GPS. If you can’t find your way, stay in one place so rescuers can locate you.
What should I do if I see a wild animal?
Stay calm, don’t approach, and give the animal space. Most animals will avoid people if not provoked.
How do I avoid blisters?
Wear moisture-wicking socks, keep your feet dry, and make sure your shoes fit well. Stop and treat hot spots right away.
What if it rains?
Bring a rain jacket and pack cover. Set up camp on high ground, and avoid low spots where water can pool.
How do I deal with bugs?
Use insect repellent, wear long sleeves and pants in buggy areas, and consider a tent with mesh to keep mosquitoes out at night.
Campsite Setup
How do I pick a safe campsite?
Choose flat, durable ground at least 200 feet from water and trails. Avoid dead trees, low spots that could flood, or areas with heavy animal activity.
Where should I set up my tent?
Look for level ground with good drainage. If possible, use natural wind breaks like shrubs or rocks for added comfort.
What does “Leave No Trace” mean?
“Leave No Trace” is a set of outdoor principles designed to protect nature and ensure that wild places remain beautiful and healthy for future visitors. The idea is simple: enjoy the outdoors while minimizing your impact.
The seven core principles are:
- Plan ahead and prepare – Know the rules, weather, and terrain so you’re ready and avoid unnecessary damage to the environment.
- Travel and camp on durable surfaces – Stick to established trails and campsites to prevent erosion and protect fragile plants.
- Dispose of waste properly – Pack out all trash, leftover food, and even toilet paper. Follow proper methods for human waste disposal.
- Leave what you find – Don’t pick flowers, carve trees, or take rocks and artifacts. Preserve the natural and cultural heritage of the area.
- Minimize campfire impact – Use a camp stove when possible. If fires are allowed, keep them small, in designated rings, and completely extinguish them.
- Respect wildlife – Observe animals from a distance, never feed them, and store food securely to protect both you and them.
- Be considerate of other visitors – Keep noise down, yield to others on trails, and leave the area as clean (or cleaner) than you found it.
In short, Leave No Trace is about showing respect — for the land, the wildlife, and for the people who will come after you. By following these simple guidelines, you help keep the outdoors safe, wild, and welcoming.
Camp Life
How do I go to the bathroom in the forest?
Whenever possible, use established toilets at trailheads or campsites. But when backpacking, toilets are rarely available, so you’ll need to follow the “cat hole” method:
- Dig a hole 6–8 inches deep and at least 200 feet from water sources, trails, and campsites.
- Use the hole for your waste, then cover it completely with the original soil and pack it down firmly.
- Toilet paper should always be packed out in a sealed bag. If you’re using biodegradable wipes or paper, you may bury them in the cat hole — but packing them out is still the most Leave No Trace–friendly option.
This method keeps the forest clean, protects water sources, and ensures future visitors enjoy the same pristine wilderness you did.
How do I safely start a campfire?
Build fires only in designated rings where permitted. Use small sticks and tinder, keep water nearby, and fully extinguish the fire before leaving. A lightweight stove is highly recommended and often easier and safer.
What do I do with my trash?
Pack it out—everything. Bring a small bag for wrappers and scraps. Don’t bury or burn waste.
How do I keep warm at night?
Wear dry base layers, use a quality sleeping bag and pad, and avoid going to bed cold (a few jumping jacks before bed help!).
Can I listen to music or bring electronics?
Yes, but keep volume low and be considerate of others. Remember that battery life is limited in the backcountry, so bring a power bank if needed.
What time should I set up camp?
Plan to set up at least 1–2 hours before sunset. This gives you time to find a good spot and settle in before dark.
Comfort & Confidence
What if I get lost?
Stay calm and stop moving. Use your map, compass, or GPS to retrace your steps. If you can’t find your way, stay put and make yourself visible for rescuers.
How can I sleep more comfortably outdoors?
A good sleeping pad and sleeping bag make a big difference. Wear dry clothes to bed and choose a flat campsite. Earplugs and an eye mask help some campers too.
How do I keep animals away from my camp?
Store food properly, cook away from your tent, and never leave food unattended. Most animals avoid people when food isn’t available.
