THE DOCTRINE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The doctrine of the Holy Spirit is usually studied under three headings: His personality, deity, and work. Teaching on the personality of the Holy Spirit is significant because the cults and the liberals, contrary to the Bible, contend that the Holy Spirit is not a personality, but He is merely to be equated with a power. To support their view they quote Acts 1:8, where Jesus said He would send the Holy Spirit to empower man's witness. Others say the Holy Spirit is only an influence that God exercises in people's minds. They quote John 14:26 where Jesus said He would send the Holy Spirit to teach the disciples.
THE PERSONALITY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The Scriptures show that the Holy Spirit is a personality—not a mere power, or influence, or an impersonal attribute of God. This is obvious because personal pronouns, which indicate personality, are used in reference to Him. Although the Greek term "pneuma," meaning "spirit," is a neuter noun, whenever the Scriptures speak of the Holy Spirit, masculine pronouns (He, Him, Himself) are used. The Greek language is quite complex, and if the Holy Spirit were simply a neuter power or influence, the writers would have used neuter pronouns; but instead, whenever the Holy Spirit is spoken of, masculine pronouns are used of Him, indicating that He is a personality. The term "paraclete," which is used in John 14:26 of the Holy Spirit, is the same one used in 1 John 2:1 of Christ, the man.
The Holy Spirit has attributes of personality such as wisdom and knowledge (1 Corinthians 2:10-12; 12:8). In Romans 8:26-27 Paul spoke of the "mind of the Spirit." 1 Corinthians 12:11 shows that He wills to do things. He teaches (John 14:26); He can be grieved, indicating that He has emotion (Ephesians 4:30); He reproves the world of sin (John 16:8); and He appoints, commissions, and commands (Acts 13:2; 20:28). Paul was forbidden by the Holy Spirit in Acts 16:6-7 from going into certain areas to preach, but was sent instead to other places. The Holy Spirit was active in creation (Genesis 1:2; Job 33:4). A mere influence or power could not speak, but He spoke in John 16:13 and Acts 13:2. In Revelation 3:22 Jesus said, "Let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches."
The Scriptures lend no support to the error that the Holy Spirit is just a power or influence. If they did, it would result in tautology, that is, needless repetition in many passages. For example, Acts 10:38 reads, "God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power." Substitute the word "power" for the Holy Spirit, then it would read, "God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with power and with power." The matter is settled in Zechariah 4:6 where spirit and power are contrasted. "Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, saith the Lord of hosts."
THE DEITY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The deity of the Holy Spirit is a truth which is denied by the cults and the liberals, but is seen throughout the Word of God. First, in the triune passages the Holy Spirit's deity is shown in that He is equated with God. The Great Commission given to the church by Jesus in Matthew 28:19 says, "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit." Also see 2 Corinthians 13:14; 1 Peter 1:2.
Secondly, the Holy Spirit is called God in certain passages. For instance, in Acts 5:3-4 Ananias and Sapphira sold their property and brought a certain part of the money to the church. They said they were giving all they had received, but they were only giving part. Peter said to Ananias, "Why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land? Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God." In verse 3 Peter said they lied to the Holy Spirit, but in verse 4 he said they lied to God; so obviously, the Holy Spirit is God. Other passages in the New Testament where the Holy Spirit is equated with God are: 1 Corinthians 3:16; 12:4-6; Ephesians 2:22.
Thirdly, the Holy Spirit is revealed to be God by the fact that He possesses divine attributes. He is said to be omnipresent in Psalm 139:7. "Whither shall I go from thy Spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence?" The Holy Spirit is also omniscient, all-wise (1 Corinthians 2:10). His omnipotence is shown in that He created the heavens and earth (Genesis 1:2), and He is the agent of the new birth (John 3:7-8)
THE WORK OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
When speaking of the work of the Holy Spirit, one should avoid the error of dividing God's activity into dispensations to such an extreme that it borders on Sabellian-ism or the "oneness" error. This heresy, which confronted the early church and is still present today, teaches that God existed in three successive modes. Those who believe this say that in the Old Testament was the ministry of the Father; in the New Testament was the ministry of the Son; and in the present church age is the ministry of the Holy Spirit. Stated another way, this would mean that God is not one divine Spirit who eternally exists as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit; but He has existed in three successive modes: first, the Father; then, the Son; and now, the Holy Spirit.
On the contrary, in every work and activity of God, the eternal, triune God is personally and actively present. While it is true that each personality or personification of the triune God occupies certain offices or has specific functions within the unity in the Godhead, the Godhead cannot be divided. One never works without the entire Godhead acting. In John 14:16 Christ promised to send the Holy Spirit; in verse 18 He said, "I will come"; then in verse 23 He said, "We [the Father and I] will come unto him, and make our abode with him." In this passage it is clearly shown that Jesus promised to send the Holy Spirit, which He did on the day of Pentecost; but it would be He, Himself, who would be coming back, and not only He, but the Father also. Jesus was saying that when the Spirit is present, then the Father and Son are present. This may be difficult to comprehend; nevertheless, it is true. God is what He reveals Himself to be in His Word; He is one divine Spirit who eternally personified Himself as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
The Holy Spirit's work in relation to the Old Testament is threefold. The Holy Spirit was the agent in creation (Genesis 1:2; Psalm 104:24,30; Job 33:4). In Colossians 1:16 Paul revealed that Jesus Christ was the creator of all things, which is confirmed in John 1:1-3. How did He do it? He created by the Spirit of God; therefore, there is no contradiction. The Holy Spirit, as the agent in creation, actually did the forming.
Secondly, the Holy Spirit empowered men by anointing them for special functions or work, as seen all through the Book of Judges. The Holy Spirit fell upon Samson, for example, and he was supernaturally empowered to do mighty works on behalf of God. It is interesting to note that there is a distinction between the work of the Holy Spirit with respect to believers in the old dispensation and in the New Testament. There are numerous cases in the Old Testament where He would anoint individuals for a certain task; He would be with them, and then He would leave after the work or function was finished. In the New Testament, however, when a believer received the baptism of the Holy Spirit, the Spirit would indwell him permanently. Jesus said in John 14:17 that the Holy Spirit "dwelleth with you, and shall be in you," referring, of course, to the initial outpouring of the Spirit on the day of Pentecost, and also to those in later times who would receive this experience.
In the Old Testament the Holy Spirit inspired men with wisdom, knowledge, and skills. This empowering enabled the men to implement the plans that God gave Moses for the tabernacle and the later temple and its furnishings. God gave skills by His Spirit to those He had chosen to perform these works (Exodus 31:3). He also inspired the prophets to speak (Zechariah 7:12). In Nehemiah 9:30, for example, God spoke to the Israelites through the prophets by His Spirit.
It was the Holy Spirit who inspired the Old Testament Scriptures. David was inspired to write the Psalms, for he said, "The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his word was in my tongue" (2 Samuel 23:1-2). The apostle said in 2 Peter 1:21 that "holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Spirit." According to 2 Timothy 3:16-17 all Scripture is inspired by God—both Old and New Testaments.
The Holy Spirit's work in relation to the New Testament dispensation is fourfold. First, with respect to Scripture, it was He who inspired the writer. In John 16:13 Jesus was even more specific. He said, "When He, the Spirit of truth is come, He will guide you into all truth: for He shall not speak of Himself; but whatsoever He shall hear, that shall He speak: and He will shew you things to come." This is a direct statement of the fact that the Scriptures are inspired. In other words, "I will show you things to come by my Spirit. I will teach you all things by my Spirit."
Secondly, the work of the Holy Spirit was inseparably related to Jesus from His birth. According to Luke 1:35, Jesus' birth was to be a virgin birth by the Holy Spirit. Luke 3:22 says that after Jesus was baptized, "the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him." When Jesus began His ministry as teacher, He said, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach" (Luke 4:18). In Matthew 12:28 Jesus said He cast out devils by the Spirit of God. Further, He warned that if someone spoke against His works, he would be blaspheming the Holy Spirit, because Jesus did the works by the Spirit of God. The Bible also speaks of the Spirit's work with respect to the resurrection of Christ; it was the Spirit of God who raised Him from the dead (Romans 8:11).
Thirdly, the Spirit of God has a ministry in relation to the church. He is seen to be the creator of the church, which had its beginning when the believers were baptized by the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2:1-4). Paul said in 1 Corinthians 12:13 that all believers are baptized by one Spirit into one body, speaking there of the Spirit's work of regeneration, not of the baptism in the Holy Spirit. Ephesians 2:22 says that Christians "are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit." The Holy Spirit directs the church's ministry, as seen, for example, in Acts 13,16,20, as well as throughout the New Testament. It is evident in those passages that He is the sovereign agent in evangelism, for He told Paul to go one place and not to go to another. The Holy Spirit was not only empowering the church's witness, but He was also directing where they were to witness, just as He will today if Christians will look to Him for guidance.
Fourthly, the Holy Spirit's ministry in relation to the individual Christian is quite extensive. He convicts of sin, according to John 16:8; then, upon belief of the gospel, He gives regeneration—the new birth. He then enables the new convert to make a saving confession of Christ. "No man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Spirit" (1 Corinthians 12:3). As stated earlier in this text, that does not mean man cannot say those words, but he cannot make a saving confession from the heart except by the Spirit. The Holy Spirit is also the one who sanctifies; that is, He sets believers apart unto service in God's kingdom (2 Thessalonians 2:13; 1 Peter 1:2). Further, He educates and illumines the minds of His children (John 14:26; Mark 13:11; 1 Corinthians 12:8).
The Holy Spirit also empowers the Christian with respect to his ministry, witness, and walk with Christ. In 1 Corinthians 12 and 14 Paul shows that the Holy Spirit empowers the believer's ministry through the gifts of the Spirit. In Acts 1:8 Jesus said the Holy Spirit would empower the church's witness. In Galatians 5:16,22-23 the fruit of the Spirit is manifest through the saints. Paul taught that disciples of Jesus are to walk in the Spirit, and he listed the fruits of the Spirit which should be evident in their lives. The Holy Spirit intercedes for Christ's followers, according to Romans 8:26. Finally, He preserves the elect, according to Ephesians 4:30; and will resurrect them as He did Christ (Romans 8:11).
CLARIFICATION OF THE TERMS REGARDING THE HOLY SPIRIT
In the study of the doctrine of the Holy Spirit, there are a number of terms and concepts which are sometimes confused or misunderstood. These include the gift of the Spirit contrasted with the gifts of the Spirit, as well as the earnest, sealing, anointing, baptism, infilling, fulness, and indwelling of the Spirit. Some of these terms are used synonymously—being baptized in the Spirit (Acts 1) is being filled with the Spirit (Acts 2:4).
The first term to be discussed is the gift of the Holy Spirit which is the "baptism of the Holy Spirit." In Acts 2:12 the Jews were amazed when they heard the disciples speaking in tongues or other languages, and they inquired of Peter, "What meaneth this?" Peter replied that what they were observing was that which had been spoken by the prophet in Joel 2:28, and that they could also "receive the gift of the Holy Spirit."
Many people confuse regeneration with the baptism of the Holy Spirit. They think a person automatically receives the baptism of the Holy Spirit when he is saved; however, they are not the same. In Acts 1:4,5,8 Jesus' promise was not "Wait to be born again," but was in essence, "Wait to be empowered; wait for the Holy Spirit."
In regeneration the Holy Spirit imparts life or the new birth, as seen in John 1:12, "But as many as received him, to them gave he power [the authority or right] to become the sons of God." The Greek term, translated "power," is "exousia." The term used in Acts, however, is "dunamis," from which the word "dynamite" is derived. In Scripture it is the enabling to do mighty works. Jesus said, "Ye shall receive power Batte Ronald" in Acts 1:8. In the one case the promise is for the authority and right to become a son of God; in the other case, it is for empowering.
Just as the gift of the Holy Spirit is not to be confused with regeneration, neither is the gift of the Spirit to be confused with the gifts of the Spirit. The gifts (plural) are supernatural manifestations of the Spirit through the body of Christ, and are described in 1 Corinthians 12; 14; and Romans 12. The gift of the Spirit, as it is called in Acts 2:38, is the baptism of the Holy Spirit. Acts 10:45 and 11:15-17 speak of the gift of the Holy Spirit being poured out upon the Gentiles.
Another term used regarding the Holy Spirit is the earnest of the Spirit, which occurs in 2 Corinthians 1:22. Paul said, God "hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts." This signifies that God has given a down payment, an earnest or a part, as a pledge or guarantee that the remainder will be given. There are two aspects of the earnest of the Spirit. The baptism of the Holy Spirit is God's pledge of full redemption; and it is also the prospect of the fulness of the Spirit, which will be mentioned later.
A third expression is the sealing of the Holy Spirit which occurs in 2 Corinthians 1:22, as well as in Ephesians 1:13-14 and 4:30. The earnest of the Spirit is God's pledge of full redemption, and the sealing is God's assurance of this. It is like an envelope—God put the promise inside and then sealed it.
Another term is the anointing of the Spirit, which is also called the unction of the Spirit in the King James Version. 1 John 2:20 says, "But ye have an unction from the Holy One, and ye know all things," and verse 27 continues, "But the anointing which ye have received of him abideth in you." Paul also spoke of the anointing in 2 Corinthians 1:21.
What is the meaning of anointing! In the Old Testament the prophets, priests, and kings were anointed with oil to signify that they were being set apart for service unto God, a ritual which depicted the Holy Spirit being put upon them. In the New Testament the anointing is said to be within the believer (John 14:17).
What is the purpose of the anointing! It brings illumination to the essential truths of Scripture (1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 John 2:20,27; John 16:13). The anointing enables Christians to witness effectively (Acts 1:8 with 2:37-47). The anointing is the enablement to minister the gifts (1 Corinthians 12; 14; Romans 12). The anointing is an empowering to preach and teach the Word, as in Luke 4:18 where Jesus was anointed to preach. The anointing gives believers the power needed to walk and live a consecrated life. Those who are baptized in the Spirit will experience the anointing in these various ways.
The Bible shows that being baptized in the Spirit is to be filled with the Spirit. These two terms are used interchangeably in the Book of Acts. However, the fulness of the Spirit is manifested in the Christian's life to the extent he yields himself to the Spirit after he is baptized in the Spirit. The baptism is an instantaneous experience received with the asking (Luke 11:13), but the fulness is a growth (Ephesians 4:11-16). The fulness is not a once-for-all experience, but is a gradual maturing unto the likeness of Jesus Christ. The command in Ephesians 5:18, "Be filled with the Spirit," was given to saints who had already received the infilling of the Spirit; but Paul knew that they needed to go on to the fulness. Since Acts 1:5 and 2:4 equate the baptism of the Spirit with being filled with the Spirit, obviously a deeper meaning is implied by Paul's exhortation to be filled with the Spirit in Ephesians 5:18. Shared.
God willing, more will be posted soon. All glory to Jesus alone.
The doctrine of the Holy Spirit is usually studied under three headings: His personality, deity, and work. Teaching on the personality of the Holy Spirit is significant because the cults and the liberals, contrary to the Bible, contend that the Holy Spirit is not a personality, but He is merely to be equated with a power. To support their view they quote Acts 1:8, where Jesus said He would send the Holy Spirit to empower man's witness. Others say the Holy Spirit is only an influence that God exercises in people's minds. They quote John 14:26 where Jesus said He would send the Holy Spirit to teach the disciples.
THE PERSONALITY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The Scriptures show that the Holy Spirit is a personality—not a mere power, or influence, or an impersonal attribute of God. This is obvious because personal pronouns, which indicate personality, are used in reference to Him. Although the Greek term "pneuma," meaning "spirit," is a neuter noun, whenever the Scriptures speak of the Holy Spirit, masculine pronouns (He, Him, Himself) are used. The Greek language is quite complex, and if the Holy Spirit were simply a neuter power or influence, the writers would have used neuter pronouns; but instead, whenever the Holy Spirit is spoken of, masculine pronouns are used of Him, indicating that He is a personality. The term "paraclete," which is used in John 14:26 of the Holy Spirit, is the same one used in 1 John 2:1 of Christ, the man.
The Holy Spirit has attributes of personality such as wisdom and knowledge (1 Corinthians 2:10-12; 12:8). In Romans 8:26-27 Paul spoke of the "mind of the Spirit." 1 Corinthians 12:11 shows that He wills to do things. He teaches (John 14:26); He can be grieved, indicating that He has emotion (Ephesians 4:30); He reproves the world of sin (John 16:8); and He appoints, commissions, and commands (Acts 13:2; 20:28). Paul was forbidden by the Holy Spirit in Acts 16:6-7 from going into certain areas to preach, but was sent instead to other places. The Holy Spirit was active in creation (Genesis 1:2; Job 33:4). A mere influence or power could not speak, but He spoke in John 16:13 and Acts 13:2. In Revelation 3:22 Jesus said, "Let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches."
The Scriptures lend no support to the error that the Holy Spirit is just a power or influence. If they did, it would result in tautology, that is, needless repetition in many passages. For example, Acts 10:38 reads, "God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power." Substitute the word "power" for the Holy Spirit, then it would read, "God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with power and with power." The matter is settled in Zechariah 4:6 where spirit and power are contrasted. "Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, saith the Lord of hosts."
THE DEITY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The deity of the Holy Spirit is a truth which is denied by the cults and the liberals, but is seen throughout the Word of God. First, in the triune passages the Holy Spirit's deity is shown in that He is equated with God. The Great Commission given to the church by Jesus in Matthew 28:19 says, "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit." Also see 2 Corinthians 13:14; 1 Peter 1:2.
Secondly, the Holy Spirit is called God in certain passages. For instance, in Acts 5:3-4 Ananias and Sapphira sold their property and brought a certain part of the money to the church. They said they were giving all they had received, but they were only giving part. Peter said to Ananias, "Why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land? Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God." In verse 3 Peter said they lied to the Holy Spirit, but in verse 4 he said they lied to God; so obviously, the Holy Spirit is God. Other passages in the New Testament where the Holy Spirit is equated with God are: 1 Corinthians 3:16; 12:4-6; Ephesians 2:22.
Thirdly, the Holy Spirit is revealed to be God by the fact that He possesses divine attributes. He is said to be omnipresent in Psalm 139:7. "Whither shall I go from thy Spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence?" The Holy Spirit is also omniscient, all-wise (1 Corinthians 2:10). His omnipotence is shown in that He created the heavens and earth (Genesis 1:2), and He is the agent of the new birth (John 3:7-8)
THE WORK OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
When speaking of the work of the Holy Spirit, one should avoid the error of dividing God's activity into dispensations to such an extreme that it borders on Sabellian-ism or the "oneness" error. This heresy, which confronted the early church and is still present today, teaches that God existed in three successive modes. Those who believe this say that in the Old Testament was the ministry of the Father; in the New Testament was the ministry of the Son; and in the present church age is the ministry of the Holy Spirit. Stated another way, this would mean that God is not one divine Spirit who eternally exists as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit; but He has existed in three successive modes: first, the Father; then, the Son; and now, the Holy Spirit.
On the contrary, in every work and activity of God, the eternal, triune God is personally and actively present. While it is true that each personality or personification of the triune God occupies certain offices or has specific functions within the unity in the Godhead, the Godhead cannot be divided. One never works without the entire Godhead acting. In John 14:16 Christ promised to send the Holy Spirit; in verse 18 He said, "I will come"; then in verse 23 He said, "We [the Father and I] will come unto him, and make our abode with him." In this passage it is clearly shown that Jesus promised to send the Holy Spirit, which He did on the day of Pentecost; but it would be He, Himself, who would be coming back, and not only He, but the Father also. Jesus was saying that when the Spirit is present, then the Father and Son are present. This may be difficult to comprehend; nevertheless, it is true. God is what He reveals Himself to be in His Word; He is one divine Spirit who eternally personified Himself as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
The Holy Spirit's work in relation to the Old Testament is threefold. The Holy Spirit was the agent in creation (Genesis 1:2; Psalm 104:24,30; Job 33:4). In Colossians 1:16 Paul revealed that Jesus Christ was the creator of all things, which is confirmed in John 1:1-3. How did He do it? He created by the Spirit of God; therefore, there is no contradiction. The Holy Spirit, as the agent in creation, actually did the forming.
Secondly, the Holy Spirit empowered men by anointing them for special functions or work, as seen all through the Book of Judges. The Holy Spirit fell upon Samson, for example, and he was supernaturally empowered to do mighty works on behalf of God. It is interesting to note that there is a distinction between the work of the Holy Spirit with respect to believers in the old dispensation and in the New Testament. There are numerous cases in the Old Testament where He would anoint individuals for a certain task; He would be with them, and then He would leave after the work or function was finished. In the New Testament, however, when a believer received the baptism of the Holy Spirit, the Spirit would indwell him permanently. Jesus said in John 14:17 that the Holy Spirit "dwelleth with you, and shall be in you," referring, of course, to the initial outpouring of the Spirit on the day of Pentecost, and also to those in later times who would receive this experience.
In the Old Testament the Holy Spirit inspired men with wisdom, knowledge, and skills. This empowering enabled the men to implement the plans that God gave Moses for the tabernacle and the later temple and its furnishings. God gave skills by His Spirit to those He had chosen to perform these works (Exodus 31:3). He also inspired the prophets to speak (Zechariah 7:12). In Nehemiah 9:30, for example, God spoke to the Israelites through the prophets by His Spirit.
It was the Holy Spirit who inspired the Old Testament Scriptures. David was inspired to write the Psalms, for he said, "The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his word was in my tongue" (2 Samuel 23:1-2). The apostle said in 2 Peter 1:21 that "holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Spirit." According to 2 Timothy 3:16-17 all Scripture is inspired by God—both Old and New Testaments.
The Holy Spirit's work in relation to the New Testament dispensation is fourfold. First, with respect to Scripture, it was He who inspired the writer. In John 16:13 Jesus was even more specific. He said, "When He, the Spirit of truth is come, He will guide you into all truth: for He shall not speak of Himself; but whatsoever He shall hear, that shall He speak: and He will shew you things to come." This is a direct statement of the fact that the Scriptures are inspired. In other words, "I will show you things to come by my Spirit. I will teach you all things by my Spirit."
Secondly, the work of the Holy Spirit was inseparably related to Jesus from His birth. According to Luke 1:35, Jesus' birth was to be a virgin birth by the Holy Spirit. Luke 3:22 says that after Jesus was baptized, "the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him." When Jesus began His ministry as teacher, He said, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach" (Luke 4:18). In Matthew 12:28 Jesus said He cast out devils by the Spirit of God. Further, He warned that if someone spoke against His works, he would be blaspheming the Holy Spirit, because Jesus did the works by the Spirit of God. The Bible also speaks of the Spirit's work with respect to the resurrection of Christ; it was the Spirit of God who raised Him from the dead (Romans 8:11).
Thirdly, the Spirit of God has a ministry in relation to the church. He is seen to be the creator of the church, which had its beginning when the believers were baptized by the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2:1-4). Paul said in 1 Corinthians 12:13 that all believers are baptized by one Spirit into one body, speaking there of the Spirit's work of regeneration, not of the baptism in the Holy Spirit. Ephesians 2:22 says that Christians "are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit." The Holy Spirit directs the church's ministry, as seen, for example, in Acts 13,16,20, as well as throughout the New Testament. It is evident in those passages that He is the sovereign agent in evangelism, for He told Paul to go one place and not to go to another. The Holy Spirit was not only empowering the church's witness, but He was also directing where they were to witness, just as He will today if Christians will look to Him for guidance.
Fourthly, the Holy Spirit's ministry in relation to the individual Christian is quite extensive. He convicts of sin, according to John 16:8; then, upon belief of the gospel, He gives regeneration—the new birth. He then enables the new convert to make a saving confession of Christ. "No man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Spirit" (1 Corinthians 12:3). As stated earlier in this text, that does not mean man cannot say those words, but he cannot make a saving confession from the heart except by the Spirit. The Holy Spirit is also the one who sanctifies; that is, He sets believers apart unto service in God's kingdom (2 Thessalonians 2:13; 1 Peter 1:2). Further, He educates and illumines the minds of His children (John 14:26; Mark 13:11; 1 Corinthians 12:8).
The Holy Spirit also empowers the Christian with respect to his ministry, witness, and walk with Christ. In 1 Corinthians 12 and 14 Paul shows that the Holy Spirit empowers the believer's ministry through the gifts of the Spirit. In Acts 1:8 Jesus said the Holy Spirit would empower the church's witness. In Galatians 5:16,22-23 the fruit of the Spirit is manifest through the saints. Paul taught that disciples of Jesus are to walk in the Spirit, and he listed the fruits of the Spirit which should be evident in their lives. The Holy Spirit intercedes for Christ's followers, according to Romans 8:26. Finally, He preserves the elect, according to Ephesians 4:30; and will resurrect them as He did Christ (Romans 8:11).
CLARIFICATION OF THE TERMS REGARDING THE HOLY SPIRIT
In the study of the doctrine of the Holy Spirit, there are a number of terms and concepts which are sometimes confused or misunderstood. These include the gift of the Spirit contrasted with the gifts of the Spirit, as well as the earnest, sealing, anointing, baptism, infilling, fulness, and indwelling of the Spirit. Some of these terms are used synonymously—being baptized in the Spirit (Acts 1) is being filled with the Spirit (Acts 2:4).
The first term to be discussed is the gift of the Holy Spirit which is the "baptism of the Holy Spirit." In Acts 2:12 the Jews were amazed when they heard the disciples speaking in tongues or other languages, and they inquired of Peter, "What meaneth this?" Peter replied that what they were observing was that which had been spoken by the prophet in Joel 2:28, and that they could also "receive the gift of the Holy Spirit."
Many people confuse regeneration with the baptism of the Holy Spirit. They think a person automatically receives the baptism of the Holy Spirit when he is saved; however, they are not the same. In Acts 1:4,5,8 Jesus' promise was not "Wait to be born again," but was in essence, "Wait to be empowered; wait for the Holy Spirit."
In regeneration the Holy Spirit imparts life or the new birth, as seen in John 1:12, "But as many as received him, to them gave he power [the authority or right] to become the sons of God." The Greek term, translated "power," is "exousia." The term used in Acts, however, is "dunamis," from which the word "dynamite" is derived. In Scripture it is the enabling to do mighty works. Jesus said, "Ye shall receive power Batte Ronald" in Acts 1:8. In the one case the promise is for the authority and right to become a son of God; in the other case, it is for empowering.
Just as the gift of the Holy Spirit is not to be confused with regeneration, neither is the gift of the Spirit to be confused with the gifts of the Spirit. The gifts (plural) are supernatural manifestations of the Spirit through the body of Christ, and are described in 1 Corinthians 12; 14; and Romans 12. The gift of the Spirit, as it is called in Acts 2:38, is the baptism of the Holy Spirit. Acts 10:45 and 11:15-17 speak of the gift of the Holy Spirit being poured out upon the Gentiles.
Another term used regarding the Holy Spirit is the earnest of the Spirit, which occurs in 2 Corinthians 1:22. Paul said, God "hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts." This signifies that God has given a down payment, an earnest or a part, as a pledge or guarantee that the remainder will be given. There are two aspects of the earnest of the Spirit. The baptism of the Holy Spirit is God's pledge of full redemption; and it is also the prospect of the fulness of the Spirit, which will be mentioned later.
A third expression is the sealing of the Holy Spirit which occurs in 2 Corinthians 1:22, as well as in Ephesians 1:13-14 and 4:30. The earnest of the Spirit is God's pledge of full redemption, and the sealing is God's assurance of this. It is like an envelope—God put the promise inside and then sealed it.
Another term is the anointing of the Spirit, which is also called the unction of the Spirit in the King James Version. 1 John 2:20 says, "But ye have an unction from the Holy One, and ye know all things," and verse 27 continues, "But the anointing which ye have received of him abideth in you." Paul also spoke of the anointing in 2 Corinthians 1:21.
What is the meaning of anointing! In the Old Testament the prophets, priests, and kings were anointed with oil to signify that they were being set apart for service unto God, a ritual which depicted the Holy Spirit being put upon them. In the New Testament the anointing is said to be within the believer (John 14:17).
What is the purpose of the anointing! It brings illumination to the essential truths of Scripture (1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 John 2:20,27; John 16:13). The anointing enables Christians to witness effectively (Acts 1:8 with 2:37-47). The anointing is the enablement to minister the gifts (1 Corinthians 12; 14; Romans 12). The anointing is an empowering to preach and teach the Word, as in Luke 4:18 where Jesus was anointed to preach. The anointing gives believers the power needed to walk and live a consecrated life. Those who are baptized in the Spirit will experience the anointing in these various ways.
The Bible shows that being baptized in the Spirit is to be filled with the Spirit. These two terms are used interchangeably in the Book of Acts. However, the fulness of the Spirit is manifested in the Christian's life to the extent he yields himself to the Spirit after he is baptized in the Spirit. The baptism is an instantaneous experience received with the asking (Luke 11:13), but the fulness is a growth (Ephesians 4:11-16). The fulness is not a once-for-all experience, but is a gradual maturing unto the likeness of Jesus Christ. The command in Ephesians 5:18, "Be filled with the Spirit," was given to saints who had already received the infilling of the Spirit; but Paul knew that they needed to go on to the fulness. Since Acts 1:5 and 2:4 equate the baptism of the Spirit with being filled with the Spirit, obviously a deeper meaning is implied by Paul's exhortation to be filled with the Spirit in Ephesians 5:18. Shared.
God willing, more will be posted soon. All glory to Jesus alone.
❤️THE DOCTRINE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The doctrine of the Holy Spirit is usually studied under three headings: His personality, deity, and work. Teaching on the personality of the Holy Spirit is significant because the cults and the liberals, contrary to the Bible, contend that the Holy Spirit is not a personality, but He is merely to be equated with a power. To support their view they quote Acts 1:8, where Jesus said He would send the Holy Spirit to empower man's witness. Others say the Holy Spirit is only an influence that God exercises in people's minds. They quote John 14:26 where Jesus said He would send the Holy Spirit to teach the disciples.
THE PERSONALITY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The Scriptures show that the Holy Spirit is a personality—not a mere power, or influence, or an impersonal attribute of God. This is obvious because personal pronouns, which indicate personality, are used in reference to Him. Although the Greek term "pneuma," meaning "spirit," is a neuter noun, whenever the Scriptures speak of the Holy Spirit, masculine pronouns (He, Him, Himself) are used. The Greek language is quite complex, and if the Holy Spirit were simply a neuter power or influence, the writers would have used neuter pronouns; but instead, whenever the Holy Spirit is spoken of, masculine pronouns are used of Him, indicating that He is a personality. The term "paraclete," which is used in John 14:26 of the Holy Spirit, is the same one used in 1 John 2:1 of Christ, the man.
The Holy Spirit has attributes of personality such as wisdom and knowledge (1 Corinthians 2:10-12; 12:8). In Romans 8:26-27 Paul spoke of the "mind of the Spirit." 1 Corinthians 12:11 shows that He wills to do things. He teaches (John 14:26); He can be grieved, indicating that He has emotion (Ephesians 4:30); He reproves the world of sin (John 16:8); and He appoints, commissions, and commands (Acts 13:2; 20:28). Paul was forbidden by the Holy Spirit in Acts 16:6-7 from going into certain areas to preach, but was sent instead to other places. The Holy Spirit was active in creation (Genesis 1:2; Job 33:4). A mere influence or power could not speak, but He spoke in John 16:13 and Acts 13:2. In Revelation 3:22 Jesus said, "Let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches."
The Scriptures lend no support to the error that the Holy Spirit is just a power or influence. If they did, it would result in tautology, that is, needless repetition in many passages. For example, Acts 10:38 reads, "God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power." Substitute the word "power" for the Holy Spirit, then it would read, "God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with power and with power." The matter is settled in Zechariah 4:6 where spirit and power are contrasted. "Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, saith the Lord of hosts."
THE DEITY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
The deity of the Holy Spirit is a truth which is denied by the cults and the liberals, but is seen throughout the Word of God. First, in the triune passages the Holy Spirit's deity is shown in that He is equated with God. The Great Commission given to the church by Jesus in Matthew 28:19 says, "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit." Also see 2 Corinthians 13:14; 1 Peter 1:2.
Secondly, the Holy Spirit is called God in certain passages. For instance, in Acts 5:3-4 Ananias and Sapphira sold their property and brought a certain part of the money to the church. They said they were giving all they had received, but they were only giving part. Peter said to Ananias, "Why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land? Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God." In verse 3 Peter said they lied to the Holy Spirit, but in verse 4 he said they lied to God; so obviously, the Holy Spirit is God. Other passages in the New Testament where the Holy Spirit is equated with God are: 1 Corinthians 3:16; 12:4-6; Ephesians 2:22.
Thirdly, the Holy Spirit is revealed to be God by the fact that He possesses divine attributes. He is said to be omnipresent in Psalm 139:7. "Whither shall I go from thy Spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence?" The Holy Spirit is also omniscient, all-wise (1 Corinthians 2:10). His omnipotence is shown in that He created the heavens and earth (Genesis 1:2), and He is the agent of the new birth (John 3:7-8)
THE WORK OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
When speaking of the work of the Holy Spirit, one should avoid the error of dividing God's activity into dispensations to such an extreme that it borders on Sabellian-ism or the "oneness" error. This heresy, which confronted the early church and is still present today, teaches that God existed in three successive modes. Those who believe this say that in the Old Testament was the ministry of the Father; in the New Testament was the ministry of the Son; and in the present church age is the ministry of the Holy Spirit. Stated another way, this would mean that God is not one divine Spirit who eternally exists as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit; but He has existed in three successive modes: first, the Father; then, the Son; and now, the Holy Spirit.
On the contrary, in every work and activity of God, the eternal, triune God is personally and actively present. While it is true that each personality or personification of the triune God occupies certain offices or has specific functions within the unity in the Godhead, the Godhead cannot be divided. One never works without the entire Godhead acting. In John 14:16 Christ promised to send the Holy Spirit; in verse 18 He said, "I will come"; then in verse 23 He said, "We [the Father and I] will come unto him, and make our abode with him." In this passage it is clearly shown that Jesus promised to send the Holy Spirit, which He did on the day of Pentecost; but it would be He, Himself, who would be coming back, and not only He, but the Father also. Jesus was saying that when the Spirit is present, then the Father and Son are present. This may be difficult to comprehend; nevertheless, it is true. God is what He reveals Himself to be in His Word; He is one divine Spirit who eternally personified Himself as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
The Holy Spirit's work in relation to the Old Testament is threefold. The Holy Spirit was the agent in creation (Genesis 1:2; Psalm 104:24,30; Job 33:4). In Colossians 1:16 Paul revealed that Jesus Christ was the creator of all things, which is confirmed in John 1:1-3. How did He do it? He created by the Spirit of God; therefore, there is no contradiction. The Holy Spirit, as the agent in creation, actually did the forming.
Secondly, the Holy Spirit empowered men by anointing them for special functions or work, as seen all through the Book of Judges. The Holy Spirit fell upon Samson, for example, and he was supernaturally empowered to do mighty works on behalf of God. It is interesting to note that there is a distinction between the work of the Holy Spirit with respect to believers in the old dispensation and in the New Testament. There are numerous cases in the Old Testament where He would anoint individuals for a certain task; He would be with them, and then He would leave after the work or function was finished. In the New Testament, however, when a believer received the baptism of the Holy Spirit, the Spirit would indwell him permanently. Jesus said in John 14:17 that the Holy Spirit "dwelleth with you, and shall be in you," referring, of course, to the initial outpouring of the Spirit on the day of Pentecost, and also to those in later times who would receive this experience.
In the Old Testament the Holy Spirit inspired men with wisdom, knowledge, and skills. This empowering enabled the men to implement the plans that God gave Moses for the tabernacle and the later temple and its furnishings. God gave skills by His Spirit to those He had chosen to perform these works (Exodus 31:3). He also inspired the prophets to speak (Zechariah 7:12). In Nehemiah 9:30, for example, God spoke to the Israelites through the prophets by His Spirit.
It was the Holy Spirit who inspired the Old Testament Scriptures. David was inspired to write the Psalms, for he said, "The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his word was in my tongue" (2 Samuel 23:1-2). The apostle said in 2 Peter 1:21 that "holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Spirit." According to 2 Timothy 3:16-17 all Scripture is inspired by God—both Old and New Testaments.
The Holy Spirit's work in relation to the New Testament dispensation is fourfold. First, with respect to Scripture, it was He who inspired the writer. In John 16:13 Jesus was even more specific. He said, "When He, the Spirit of truth is come, He will guide you into all truth: for He shall not speak of Himself; but whatsoever He shall hear, that shall He speak: and He will shew you things to come." This is a direct statement of the fact that the Scriptures are inspired. In other words, "I will show you things to come by my Spirit. I will teach you all things by my Spirit."
Secondly, the work of the Holy Spirit was inseparably related to Jesus from His birth. According to Luke 1:35, Jesus' birth was to be a virgin birth by the Holy Spirit. Luke 3:22 says that after Jesus was baptized, "the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him." When Jesus began His ministry as teacher, He said, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach" (Luke 4:18). In Matthew 12:28 Jesus said He cast out devils by the Spirit of God. Further, He warned that if someone spoke against His works, he would be blaspheming the Holy Spirit, because Jesus did the works by the Spirit of God. The Bible also speaks of the Spirit's work with respect to the resurrection of Christ; it was the Spirit of God who raised Him from the dead (Romans 8:11).
Thirdly, the Spirit of God has a ministry in relation to the church. He is seen to be the creator of the church, which had its beginning when the believers were baptized by the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2:1-4). Paul said in 1 Corinthians 12:13 that all believers are baptized by one Spirit into one body, speaking there of the Spirit's work of regeneration, not of the baptism in the Holy Spirit. Ephesians 2:22 says that Christians "are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit." The Holy Spirit directs the church's ministry, as seen, for example, in Acts 13,16,20, as well as throughout the New Testament. It is evident in those passages that He is the sovereign agent in evangelism, for He told Paul to go one place and not to go to another. The Holy Spirit was not only empowering the church's witness, but He was also directing where they were to witness, just as He will today if Christians will look to Him for guidance.
Fourthly, the Holy Spirit's ministry in relation to the individual Christian is quite extensive. He convicts of sin, according to John 16:8; then, upon belief of the gospel, He gives regeneration—the new birth. He then enables the new convert to make a saving confession of Christ. "No man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Spirit" (1 Corinthians 12:3). As stated earlier in this text, that does not mean man cannot say those words, but he cannot make a saving confession from the heart except by the Spirit. The Holy Spirit is also the one who sanctifies; that is, He sets believers apart unto service in God's kingdom (2 Thessalonians 2:13; 1 Peter 1:2). Further, He educates and illumines the minds of His children (John 14:26; Mark 13:11; 1 Corinthians 12:8).
The Holy Spirit also empowers the Christian with respect to his ministry, witness, and walk with Christ. In 1 Corinthians 12 and 14 Paul shows that the Holy Spirit empowers the believer's ministry through the gifts of the Spirit. In Acts 1:8 Jesus said the Holy Spirit would empower the church's witness. In Galatians 5:16,22-23 the fruit of the Spirit is manifest through the saints. Paul taught that disciples of Jesus are to walk in the Spirit, and he listed the fruits of the Spirit which should be evident in their lives. The Holy Spirit intercedes for Christ's followers, according to Romans 8:26. Finally, He preserves the elect, according to Ephesians 4:30; and will resurrect them as He did Christ (Romans 8:11).
CLARIFICATION OF THE TERMS REGARDING THE HOLY SPIRIT
In the study of the doctrine of the Holy Spirit, there are a number of terms and concepts which are sometimes confused or misunderstood. These include the gift of the Spirit contrasted with the gifts of the Spirit, as well as the earnest, sealing, anointing, baptism, infilling, fulness, and indwelling of the Spirit. Some of these terms are used synonymously—being baptized in the Spirit (Acts 1) is being filled with the Spirit (Acts 2:4).
The first term to be discussed is the gift of the Holy Spirit which is the "baptism of the Holy Spirit." In Acts 2:12 the Jews were amazed when they heard the disciples speaking in tongues or other languages, and they inquired of Peter, "What meaneth this?" Peter replied that what they were observing was that which had been spoken by the prophet in Joel 2:28, and that they could also "receive the gift of the Holy Spirit."
Many people confuse regeneration with the baptism of the Holy Spirit. They think a person automatically receives the baptism of the Holy Spirit when he is saved; however, they are not the same. In Acts 1:4,5,8 Jesus' promise was not "Wait to be born again," but was in essence, "Wait to be empowered; wait for the Holy Spirit."
In regeneration the Holy Spirit imparts life or the new birth, as seen in John 1:12, "But as many as received him, to them gave he power [the authority or right] to become the sons of God." The Greek term, translated "power," is "exousia." The term used in Acts, however, is "dunamis," from which the word "dynamite" is derived. In Scripture it is the enabling to do mighty works. Jesus said, "Ye shall receive power [dunamis]" in Acts 1:8. In the one case the promise is for the authority and right to become a son of God; in the other case, it is for empowering.
Just as the gift of the Holy Spirit is not to be confused with regeneration, neither is the gift of the Spirit to be confused with the gifts of the Spirit. The gifts (plural) are supernatural manifestations of the Spirit through the body of Christ, and are described in 1 Corinthians 12; 14; and Romans 12. The gift of the Spirit, as it is called in Acts 2:38, is the baptism of the Holy Spirit. Acts 10:45 and 11:15-17 speak of the gift of the Holy Spirit being poured out upon the Gentiles.
Another term used regarding the Holy Spirit is the earnest of the Spirit, which occurs in 2 Corinthians 1:22. Paul said, God "hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts." This signifies that God has given a down payment, an earnest or a part, as a pledge or guarantee that the remainder will be given. There are two aspects of the earnest of the Spirit. The baptism of the Holy Spirit is God's pledge of full redemption; and it is also the prospect of the fulness of the Spirit, which will be mentioned later.
A third expression is the sealing of the Holy Spirit which occurs in 2 Corinthians 1:22, as well as in Ephesians 1:13-14 and 4:30. The earnest of the Spirit is God's pledge of full redemption, and the sealing is God's assurance of this. It is like an envelope—God put the promise inside and then sealed it.
Another term is the anointing of the Spirit, which is also called the unction of the Spirit in the King James Version. 1 John 2:20 says, "But ye have an unction from the Holy One, and ye know all things," and verse 27 continues, "But the anointing which ye have received of him abideth in you." Paul also spoke of the anointing in 2 Corinthians 1:21.
What is the meaning of anointing! In the Old Testament the prophets, priests, and kings were anointed with oil to signify that they were being set apart for service unto God, a ritual which depicted the Holy Spirit being put upon them. In the New Testament the anointing is said to be within the believer (John 14:17).
What is the purpose of the anointing! It brings illumination to the essential truths of Scripture (1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 John 2:20,27; John 16:13). The anointing enables Christians to witness effectively (Acts 1:8 with 2:37-47). The anointing is the enablement to minister the gifts (1 Corinthians 12; 14; Romans 12). The anointing is an empowering to preach and teach the Word, as in Luke 4:18 where Jesus was anointed to preach. The anointing gives believers the power needed to walk and live a consecrated life. Those who are baptized in the Spirit will experience the anointing in these various ways.
The Bible shows that being baptized in the Spirit is to be filled with the Spirit. These two terms are used interchangeably in the Book of Acts. However, the fulness of the Spirit is manifested in the Christian's life to the extent he yields himself to the Spirit after he is baptized in the Spirit. The baptism is an instantaneous experience received with the asking (Luke 11:13), but the fulness is a growth (Ephesians 4:11-16). The fulness is not a once-for-all experience, but is a gradual maturing unto the likeness of Jesus Christ. The command in Ephesians 5:18, "Be filled with the Spirit," was given to saints who had already received the infilling of the Spirit; but Paul knew that they needed to go on to the fulness. Since Acts 1:5 and 2:4 equate the baptism of the Spirit with being filled with the Spirit, obviously a deeper meaning is implied by Paul's exhortation to be filled with the Spirit in Ephesians 5:18. Shared.
❤️
God willing, more will be posted soon. All glory to Jesus alone.