General Economics and Teaching
Quicklinks
The guide provides JEL Code application guidelines, keywords, and examples of items within each classification.
The "JEL" classification system originated with the Journal of Economic Literature and is a standard method of classifying scholarly literature in the field of economics. It is used in many of the AEA's published research materials.
Use the guide to gain insight on how JEL Codes are used to classify articles, dissertations, books, book reviews, and working papers. You will also find it is helpful when adding classification codes to your own work.
General Economics and Teaching
| A10 | General | |
| A11 | Role of Economics • Role of Economists • Market for Economists | |
| A12 | Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines | |
| A13 | Relation of Economics to Social Values | |
| A14 | Sociology of Economics | |
| A19 | Other |
| A20 | General | |
| A21 | Pre-college | |
| A22 | Undergraduate | |
| A23 | Graduate | |
| A29 | Other |
| A30 | General | |
| A31 | Collected Writings of Individuals | |
| A32 | Collective Volumes | |
| A33 | Handbooks | |
| A39 | Other |
History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches
| B00 | General |
| B10 | General | |
| B11 | Preclassical (Ancient, Medieval, Mercantilist, Physiocratic) | |
| B12 | Classical (includes Adam Smith) | |
| B13 | Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Wicksellian) | |
| B14 | Socialist • Marxist | |
| B15 | Historical • Institutional • Evolutionary | |
| B16 | Quantitative and Mathematical | |
| B17 | International Trade and Finance | |
| B19 | Other |
| B20 | General | |
| B21 | Microeconomics | |
| B22 | Macroeconomics | |
| B23 | Econometrics • Quantitative and Mathematical Studies | |
| B24 | Socialist • Marxist • Sraffian | |
| B25 | Historical • Institutional • Evolutionary • Austrian • Stockholm School | |
| B26 | Financial Economics | |
| B27 | International Trade and Finance | |
| B29 | Other |
| B30 | General | |
| B31 | Individuals | |
| B32 | Obituaries |
| B40 | General | |
| B41 | Economic Methodology | |
| B49 | Other |
| B50 | General | |
| B51 | Socialist • Marxian • Sraffian | |
| B52 | Historical • Institutional • Evolutionary • Modern Monetary Theory | |
| B53 | Austrian | |
| B54 | Feminist Economics | |
| B55 | Social Economics | |
| B59 | Other |
Mathematical and Quantitative Methods
| C00 | General |
| C01 | Econometrics |
| C02 | Mathematical Methods |
| C10 | General |
| C11 | Bayesian Analysis: General |
| C12 | Hypothesis Testing: General |
| C13 | Estimation: General |
| C14 | Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General |
| C15 | Statistical Simulation Methods: General |
| C18 | Methodological Issues: General |
| C19 | Other |
| C20 | General |
| C21 | Cross-Sectional Models • Spatial Models • Treatment Effect Models • Quantile Regressions |
| C22 | Time-Series Models • Dynamic Quantile Regressions • Dynamic Treatment Effect Models • Diffusion Processes |
| C23 | Panel Data Models • Spatio-temporal Models |
| C24 | Truncated and Censored Models • Switching Regression Models • Threshold Regression Models |
| C25 | Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models • Discrete Regressors • Proportions • Probabilities |
| C26 | Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation |
| C29 | Other |
| C30 | General |
| C31 | Cross-Sectional Models • Spatial Models • Treatment Effect Models • Quantile Regressions • Social Interaction Models |
| C32 | Time-Series Models • Dynamic Quantile Regressions • Dynamic Treatment Effect Models • Diffusion Processes • State Space Models |
| C33 | Panel Data Models • Spatio-temporal Models |
| C34 | Truncated and Censored Models • Switching Regression Models |
| C35 | Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models • Discrete Regressors • Proportions |
| C36 | Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation |
| C38 | Classification Methods • Cluster Analysis • Principal Components • Factor Models |
| C39 | Other |
| C40 | General |
| C41 | Duration Analysis • Optimal Timing Strategies |
| C43 | Index Numbers and Aggregation |
| C44 | Operations Research • Statistical Decision Theory |
| C45 | Neural Networks and Related Topics |
| C46 | Specific Distributions • Specific Statistics |
| C49 | Other |
| C50 | General |
| C51 | Model Construction and Estimation |
| C52 | Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection |
| C53 | Forecasting and Prediction Methods • Simulation Methods |
| C54 | Quantitative Policy Modeling |
| C55 | Large Data Sets: Modeling and Analysis |
| C57 | Econometrics of Games and Auctions |
| C58 | Financial Econometrics |
| C59 | Other |
| C60 | General |
| C61 | Optimization Techniques • Programming Models • Dynamic Analysis |
| C62 | Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium |
| C63 | Computational Techniques • Simulation Modeling |
| C65 | Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools |
| C67 | Input–Output Models |
| C68 | Computable General Equilibrium Models |
| C69 | Other |
| C70 | General |
| C71 | Cooperative Games |
| C72 | Noncooperative Games |
| C73 | Stochastic and Dynamic Games • Evolutionary Games • Repeated Games |
| C78 | Bargaining Theory • Matching Theory |
| C79 | Other |
| C80 | General |
| C81 | Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data • Data Access |
| C82 | Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data • Data Access |
| C83 | Survey Methods • Sampling Methods |
| C87 | Econometric Software |
| C88 | Other Computer Software |
| C89 | Other |
| C90 | General |
| C91 | Laboratory, Individual Behavior |
| C92 | Laboratory, Group Behavior |
| C93 | Field Experiments |
| C99 | Other |
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