fix(webdriver): normalize overlapping W3C capabilities (webdriverio#14946)#14951
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christian-bromann merged 7 commits intowebdriverio:mainfrom Jan 17, 2026
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Can we add some unit tests here?
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Proposed changes
Fixes #14946.
This PR addresses an issue where WebdriverIO V9 was passing through capability keys that appeared in both alwaysMatch and firstMatch sections of the W3C payload. This redundancy caused Selenium Grid to reject the session request with an "overlapping keys" error.
//: # (Describe the big picture of your changes here to communicate to the maintainers why we should accept this pull request. If it fixes a bug or resolves a feature request, be sure to link to that issue.)
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Backport Request
//: # (The current
mainbranch is the development branch for WebdriverIO v9. If your change should be released to the current major version of WebdriverIO (v8), please raise another PR with the same changes against thev8branch.)v9and doesn't need to be back-ported#XXXXXFurther comments
The issue appears in V9 because earlier versions (V8) likely had different capability handling or less strict W3C compliance logic that masked this overlap (or the Grid itself became stricter). The "invalid W3C configuration" refers to the input the user provided (overlapping keys), which V9 was dutifully passing through until it hit the Grid error.
Reviewers: @webdriverio/project-committers