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Exception when transforming LabelEncoder with keyword argument #26854

@tvdboom

Description

@tvdboom

Describe the bug

The transform method of LabelEncoder raises an exception when providing y with a keyword argument.

I mentioned this in discussion #26841 but I am more and more certain this is a bug. And even if it isn't and there is some good reason it fails, the error message is completely unclear since it refers to a parameter that is not present in the method.

Steps/Code to Reproduce

from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder

le = LabelEncoder().fit_transform(y=[0, 2, 2, 0])

Expected Results

Normal output of the transform method. Same as when calling LabelEncoder().fit_transform([0, 1, 2]) (withoyt y=), which in the above example would be array([0, 1, 1, 0], dtype=int64).

Actual Results

image

Versions

System:
    python: 3.10.9 (tags/v3.10.9:1dd9be6, Dec  6 2022, 20:01:21) [MSC v.1934 64 bit (AMD64)]
executable: C:\repos\dblib\venv\Scripts\python.exe
   machine: Windows-10-10.0.22621-SP0

Python dependencies:
      sklearn: 1.3.0
          pip: 23.2
   setuptools: 65.5.1
        numpy: 1.25.1
        scipy: 1.11.1
       Cython: None
       pandas: 1.4.4
   matplotlib: None
       joblib: 1.3.1
threadpoolctl: 3.2.0

Built with OpenMP: True

threadpoolctl info:
       user_api: openmp
   internal_api: openmp
    num_threads: 8
         prefix: vcomp
       filepath: C:\repos\dblib\venv\Lib\site-packages\sklearn\.libs\vcomp140.dll
        version: None

       user_api: blas
   internal_api: openblas
    num_threads: 8
         prefix: libopenblas
       filepath: C:\repos\dblib\venv\Lib\site-packages\numpy\.libs\libopenblas64__v0.3.23-gcc_10_3_0.dll
        version: 0.3.23
threading_layer: pthreads
   architecture: SkylakeX

       user_api: blas
   internal_api: openblas
    num_threads: 8
         prefix: libopenblas
       filepath: C:\repos\dblib\venv\Lib\site-packages\scipy.libs\libopenblas_v0.3.20-571-g3dec11c6-gcc_10_3_0-c2315440d6b6cef5037bad648efc8c59.dll
        version: 0.3.21.dev
threading_layer: pthreads
   architecture: SkylakeX

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