sagemathgh-37453: tox.ini: Add environments `ruff`, `ruff-minimal`; GH Actions: run `ruff-minimal`
    
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`./sage -tox` and the GH Actions "Lint" workflow now additionally run
`ruff-minimal`.

The "Lint" workflow outputs GitHub annotations for view in the "Files
changed" tab, as pioneered in sagemath#36512 (see screenshot there). Demo:
https://github.com/sagemath/sage/pull/37456/files

We use the built-in capability of ruff to output via
`RUFF_OUTPUT_FORMAT=github` (no problem matcher is needed; see
https://github.com/ChartBoost/ruff-
action/issues/7#issuecomment-1887780308). (This has been adopted in the
revised sagemath#36512.)

sagemath#36512 (comment) is
marked "disputed" because it builds upon the
sagemath#36503, which bundles a
controversial design choice, as explained in sagemath#37452.

In further contrast to sagemath#36512, we do not remove the pycodestyle-minimal
run from the "Lint" workflow. This can be done in a follow-up, once we
have gained the necessary experience with the new linter (see previous
info request in
sagemath#36512 (comment)).
Hence I am marking sagemath#36512 not as a "duplicate" but as "pending"; and
"disputed" because of its dependency on the "disputed" sagemath#36503. @roed314
@vbraun

And in further contrast to sagemath#36512, the minimal ruff configuration used
by the CI can be used locally with `./sage -tox -e ruff-minimal` and
also runs as part of the default tests in `./sage -tox`.

Authors: @mkoeppe, @tobiasdiez (credit for the first version of the
minimal ruff configuration taken from sagemath#36512, now regenerated)

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### ⌛ Dependencies

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- Depends on sagemath#37452

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URL: sagemath#37453
Reported by: Matthias Köppe
Reviewer(s): Frédéric Chapoton, Kwankyu Lee, Matthias Köppe