Point at match discriminant on type error in match arm pattern

```
error[E0308]: mismatched types
 --> src/main.rs:5:9
  |
4 |    let temp: usize = match a + b {
  |                            ----- this expression has type `usize`
5 |         Ok(num) => num,
  |         ^^^^^^^ expected usize, found enum `std::result::Result`
  |
  = note: expected type `usize`
             found type `std::result::Result<_, _>`
```
Fix rust-lang#57279.

Rollup of 4 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - #56874 (Simplify foreign type rendering.)
 - #57113 (Move diagnostics out from QueryJob and optimize for the case with no diagnostics)
 - #57366 (Point at match discriminant on type error in match arm pattern)
 - #57538 (librustc_mir: Fix ICE with slice patterns)

Failed merges:

 - #57381 (Tweak output of type mismatch between "then" and `else` `if` arms)

r? @ghost