Resolve is currently erroneously allowing imports through private `use`
statements in some circumstances, even across module boundaries. For example,
this code compiles successfully today:

    use std::c_str;
    mod test {
        use c_str::CString;
    }

This should not be allowed because it was explicitly decided that private `use`
statements are purely bringing local names into scope, they are not
participating further in name resolution.

As a consequence of this patch, this code, while valid today, is now invalid:

    mod test {
        use std::c_str;

        unsafe fn foo() {
            ::test::c_str::CString::new(0 as *u8, false);
        }
    }

While plausibly acceptable, I found it to be more consistent if private imports
were only considered candidates to resolve the first component in a path, and no
others.

Closes rust-lang#12612