…tching-in-ChessBoardDetector-NeighborsFinder-findCornerNeighbor

Improve corners matching in ChessBoardDetector::NeighborsFinder::findCornerNeighbor opencv#25991

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

Idea was mentioned in `Section III-B. New Heuristic for Quadrangle Linking` of `Rufli, Martin & Scaramuzza, Davide & Siegwart, Roland. (2008). Automatic Detection of Checkerboards on Blurred and Distorted Images. 2008 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS. 3121-3126. 10.1109/IROS.2008.4650703` (https://rpg.ifi.uzh.ch/docs/IROS08_scaramuzza_b.pdf):
![Снимок экрана от 2024-08-05 09-51-27](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7a090ccc-c24c-4dfb-b0dd-259c8709eb72)
```
* For each candidate pair, focus on the quadrangles they belong to and draw two straight lines passing through the midsections of the respective quadrangle edges (see Fig. 6).
* If the candidate corner and the source corner are on the same side of every of the four straight lines drawn this way (this corresponds to the yellow shaded area in Fig. 6), then the corners are successfully matched.
```

By improving corners matching, we can increase the search radius (`thresh_scale`).

I tested this PR with benchmark
```
python3 objdetect_benchmark.py --configuration=generate_run --board_x=7 --path=res_chessboard --synthetic_object=chessboard
```
PR increases detected chessboards number by `3/7%`:
```
cell_img_size = 100 (default)

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.910417                      13110             14400                           0.599746
Total detected time:  147.50906700000002 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.941667                      13560             14400                           0.596726
Total detected time:  136.68963200000007 sec

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cell_img_size = 10

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.539792                       7773             14400                           4.208237
Total detected time:  2.668964 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.579167                       8340             14400                           4.198448
Total detected time:  2.535998999999999 sec
```

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

…or-corners-neighbors-in-ChessBoardDetector-findQuadNeighbors

Increase neighbors search radius for corners in ChessBoardDetector:findQuadNeighbors #26014

I didn't do everything right the way I wanted at #25991. I forgot that `edge_len` is edge **squared** length as well as `thresh_scale` is threshold for **squared** scale. So, I wanted to increase scale by `sqrt(2)` times (idea is to use quad diagonal instead of quad side) and therefore `thresh_scale` should be equal to `sqrt(2)^2 = 2`.

And refactor variables names to explicitly indicate that they are squared, so that no one else falls into this trap

I tested this PR with benchmark
```
python3 objdetect_benchmark.py --configuration=generate_run --board_x=7 --path=res_chessboard --synthetic_object=chessboard
```
PR increases detected chessboards number by `1/2%`:
```
cell_img_size = 100 (default)

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.941667                      13560             14400                           0.596726
Total detected time:  136.68963200000007 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.952083                      13710             14400                           0.595984
Total detected time:  136.55770600000014 sec

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cell_img_size = 10

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.579167                       8340             14400                           4.198448
Total detected time:  2.535998999999999 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error 
                                      all             0.591389                       8516             14400                           4.155250
Total detected time:  2.700832999999997 sec
```

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

…tching-in-ChessBoardDetector-NeighborsFinder-findCornerNeighbor

Improve corners matching in ChessBoardDetector::NeighborsFinder::findCornerNeighbor opencv#25991

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

Idea was mentioned in `Section III-B. New Heuristic for Quadrangle Linking` of `Rufli, Martin & Scaramuzza, Davide & Siegwart, Roland. (2008). Automatic Detection of Checkerboards on Blurred and Distorted Images. 2008 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS. 3121-3126. 10.1109/IROS.2008.4650703` (https://rpg.ifi.uzh.ch/docs/IROS08_scaramuzza_b.pdf):
![Снимок экрана от 2024-08-05 09-51-27](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7a090ccc-c24c-4dfb-b0dd-259c8709eb72)
```
* For each candidate pair, focus on the quadrangles they belong to and draw two straight lines passing through the midsections of the respective quadrangle edges (see Fig. 6).
* If the candidate corner and the source corner are on the same side of every of the four straight lines drawn this way (this corresponds to the yellow shaded area in Fig. 6), then the corners are successfully matched.
```

By improving corners matching, we can increase the search radius (`thresh_scale`).

I tested this PR with benchmark
```
python3 objdetect_benchmark.py --configuration=generate_run --board_x=7 --path=res_chessboard --synthetic_object=chessboard
```
PR increases detected chessboards number by `3/7%`:
```
cell_img_size = 100 (default)

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.910417                      13110             14400                           0.599746
Total detected time:  147.50906700000002 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.941667                      13560             14400                           0.596726
Total detected time:  136.68963200000007 sec

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cell_img_size = 10

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.539792                       7773             14400                           4.208237
Total detected time:  2.668964 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.579167                       8340             14400                           4.198448
Total detected time:  2.535998999999999 sec
```

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

…dius-for-corners-neighbors-in-ChessBoardDetector-findQuadNeighbors

Increase neighbors search radius for corners in ChessBoardDetector:findQuadNeighbors opencv#26014

I didn't do everything right the way I wanted at opencv#25991. I forgot that `edge_len` is edge **squared** length as well as `thresh_scale` is threshold for **squared** scale. So, I wanted to increase scale by `sqrt(2)` times (idea is to use quad diagonal instead of quad side) and therefore `thresh_scale` should be equal to `sqrt(2)^2 = 2`.

And refactor variables names to explicitly indicate that they are squared, so that no one else falls into this trap

I tested this PR with benchmark
```
python3 objdetect_benchmark.py --configuration=generate_run --board_x=7 --path=res_chessboard --synthetic_object=chessboard
```
PR increases detected chessboards number by `1/2%`:
```
cell_img_size = 100 (default)

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.941667                      13560             14400                           0.596726
Total detected time:  136.68963200000007 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.952083                      13710             14400                           0.595984
Total detected time:  136.55770600000014 sec

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cell_img_size = 10

before
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error chessboard
                                      all             0.579167                       8340             14400                           4.198448
Total detected time:  2.535998999999999 sec

after
                                 category  detected chessboard  total detected chessboard  total chessboard  average detected error 
                                      all             0.591389                       8516             14400                           4.155250
Total detected time:  2.700832999999997 sec
```

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake