resolves #12822

• removed unused functions and tables
• refactored class MediaType, removed unused fields, renamed others, added several methods for convenience, added operator<< for debugging
• extracted format enumeration and choosing logic to separate class FormatStorage
• extracted device enumeration to class DeviceList
• extracted methods to be used in property access methods
• issue have been fixed by selecting native format first (the one returned by device) and requested format after that (format that we will use)
• added early break to videoio frame reading tests in case of failure

Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

• I agree to contribute to the project under OpenCV (BSD) License.
• To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or other license that is incompatible with OpenCV
• The PR is proposed to proper branch
• There is reference to original bug report and related work
• There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
  Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
• The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake