Add a new macro definition OPENCV_USE_FASTMATH_GCC_BUILTINS to enable
usage of GCC inline math functions, if available and requested by the
user.

Likewise, enable it for POWER. This is nearly always a substantial
improvement over using integer manipulation as most operations can
be done in several instructions with no branching. The result is a
1.5-1.8x speedup in the ceil/floor operations.

1. As tested with AT 12.0-1 (GCC 8.3.1) compiler on P9 LE.

Implement cvRound using inline asm. No compiler support
exists today to properly optimize this. This results in
about a 4x speedup over the default rounding. Likewise,
simplify the growing number of rounding function overloads.

For P9 enabled targets, utilize the classification
testing instruction to test for Inf/Nan values. Operation
speedup is about 1.2x for FP32, and 1.5x for FP64 operands.

For P8 targets, fallback to the GCC nan inline. It provides
a 1.1/1.4x improvement for FP32/FP64 arguments.

Found via `codespell -q 3 -S ./3rdparty,./modules -L amin,ang,atleast,dof,endwhile,hist,uint`

backporting of commit: 32aba5e

Found using `codespell -q 3 -S ./3rdparty -L activ,amin,ang,atleast,childs,dof,endwhile,halfs,hist,iff,nd,od,uint`

backporting of commit: ec43292