43565: kvnemeses: begin scaffolding for a jepsen-style kv test r=nvanbenschoten/tbg a=danhhz

Package kvnemeses exercises the KV api with random traffic and then
validates that the observed behaviors are consistent with our
guarantees.

A set of Operations are generated which represent usage of the public KV
api. These include both "workload" operations like Gets and Puts as well
as "admin" operations like rebalances. These Operations can be handed to
an Applier, which runs them against the KV api and records the results.

Operations do allow for concurrency (this testing is much less
interesting otherwise), which means that the state of the KV map is not
recoverable from _only_ the input. TODO(dan): We can use RangeFeed to
recover the exact KV history. This plus some Kyle magic can be used to
check our transactional guarantees.

TODO (in later commits)
- Validate the log
- CPut/InitPut/Increment/Delete
- DeleteRange/ClearRange/RevertRange/Scan/ReverseScan
- ChangeReplicas/TransferLease
- ExportRequest
- AddSSTable
- Root and leaf transactions
- GCRequest
- Protected timestamps

Release note: None

44144: colexec: fix multiple starts of the wrapped processors r=yuzefovich a=yuzefovich

**colexec: fix multiple starts of the wrapped processors**

Previously, wrapped processors could be started multiple times if they
were in the input chain for the bufferOp (each of the CASE arms will
initialize its input - the bufferOp). Now this is fixed by tracking in
both Columnarizer and bufferOp whether Init has already been called.

Previous behavior could lead to a crash when rowexec.valuesProcessor was
wrapped because it sends a "bogus" metadata header on each call to
Start, and only single header is expected whereas with multiple Inits
they would be multiple headers.

Fixes: #44133.

Release note (bug fix): Previously, CockroachDB could crash in special
circumstances when vectorized execution engine is used (it was more
likely to happen if `vectorize=experimental_on` setting was used). Now
this has been fixed.

**execerror: catch panics coming from sql/execinfra package**

sql/execinfra is definitely a part of the vectorized engine as a whole,
so we should be catching panics coming from it when running vectorized
flows.

Release note: None

44169: sql/opt/optbuilder: resolve remaining comments from #44015 r=nvanbenschoten a=nvanbenschoten

This commit resolves a few typos that were missed before #44015 was merged.

Release note: None

44172: Include "/cockroach" into PATH in Docker image r=vladdy a=vladdy

This adds "/cockroach" into environment's PATH in Docker image to require less typing when invoking "cockroach" commands via running container.

Fixes: #44189

Co-authored-by: Daniel Harrison <daniel.harrison@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Yahor Yuzefovich <yahor@cockroachlabs.com>
Co-authored-by: Nathan VanBenschoten <nvanbenschoten@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vlad Artamonov <742047+vladdy@users.noreply.github.com>