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I'm trying to better understand why plugins might be not set.

When the config is null because the file is ignored, || parseOptions at

(I'll clone this PR locally and test it, but you might already have an answer 😁)

Ok, the source of the problem is that, while the result of loadPartialConfig will prevent Babel from resolving config files and ignores again, || parserOptions will still include ignore: ... and an empty plugins list.

A better fix would be to replace || parserOptions with something like || getDefaultConfig(parserOptions), which sets/deletes the necessary properties:

function getDefaultParserOptions(options) {
  return {
    plugins: [],
    ...options,
    babelrc: false,
    configFile: false,
    browserslistConfigFile: false,
    ignore: null,
    only: null
  };
}

Ok, of course, the best is to determine the root cause of all these errors 👍
I'll try to implement your suggestion!

@devfservant I noticed that your commits aren't associated to your GitHub account. It doesn't matter for us, but if you want them to be linked to your account you can check https://docs.github.com/en/github/committing-changes-to-your-project/troubleshooting-commits/why-are-my-commits-linked-to-the-wrong-user#commits-are-not-linked-to-any-user

@devfservant I linked your commits both to your email (that you use in Git) and to your GitHub autogenerated email, so that they are linked to your account.