Add modulo compute function.

Reporter: Eduardo Ponce / @edponce
Assignee: Eduardo Ponce / @edponce

Related issues:

• [C++] Arithmetic kernels for numeric arrays (is a child of)
• [C++][Compute] Add quotient and modulo kernels (duplicates)
• [C++][Compute] Add floor, ceiling, and truncate kernels (is related to)

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-13416. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}