We have an extra post this week because I’ve been seeing a lot of talk right now about the New York Times’ 100 Best Books of the 21st Century in various book spaces, and it just seemed like too interesting a topic to pass up.
I have to agree that it’s sort of a weird time to be posting a list like this considering we are, after all, not even a full quarter into the 21st century (shouldn’t this list have come out next year in 2025?).
Many seem pretty bothered by the fact that there isn’t more genre-fiction on the list. Literary Fiction authors like George Saunders, and Jesmyn Ward appear multiple times, but we feel sort of lucky to see N.K. Jemisin appear just once on the list and R.F. Kuang not at all.
This could be considered in the light of the infamous mystery maxim: “surprising yet inevitable”. Surprising in that many mainstream news outlets cover science fiction and fantasy news, whether it’s the latest Hugo or publishing scandal, or a review of some particularly controversial (or really good) book.
Inevitable, perhaps, in that while the literary establishment may publish content for us to get our lauded clicks, I’m not sure they will ever admit to genre-fiction being literary.
Mostly, I’m fine with this. We have PLENTY of our own awards which mean something to our community. It’s enough.
Also, I hardly recognized any titles on the list at all and had read only a handful that weren’t ‘genre’ anyway (Pachinko & Evicted). I point this out to suggest that someone who is more well-read in genre-fiction could potentially make exactly the same mistake going the other way. Perhaps a list in NY Times isn’t really meant to be all that comprehensive anyway. I’m honestly not even sure I’ve even read that many NY Times reviews, whether it be for genre or lit fic.
Perhaps this list is not so important as it seems.
So to have a little bit of fun, and maybe respond in a way, to the NYT 100 list, I’ve decided to make my own list of influential novels from the first quarter of the 21st century, but restricting myself to ONLY Fantasy novels since that’s what I know best.
I went with ten picks because I’m not sure I’ve even read 100 novels across all types of books that were published in the last 25 years let alone 100 Fantasy novels. Everything is novel-length (no novellas, short stories, or anthologies here although there are plenty of amazing candidates in those formats), and all the selected novels have been reviewed here on this blog.
Here’s what I came up with:
(2005)
I felt this was a good place to start as it is the oldest book on the list, and I think probably the most widely read. I somehow missed it growing up, but I know that for plenty of people, this series got them reading fantasy (and caring about Greek Mythology).
Eragon (2002) could have also fit nicely here, but alas I have not yet reviewed it on my blog. I’m counting Harry Potter as “20th Century” since the first one came out in 1997. Also, woefully unreviewed by the team here at A&A (ahem me lol).
(2011)
I chose this one over other Mistborn or Cosmere books for a few reasons. First, OG Mistborn (The Final Empire) is as of yet unreviewed on the blog (wow do I even review books here?). Second, I think this book really gave us an idea of what Sanderson would strive to accomplish with a shared universe, which at the time this book came out was a relatively unknown idea. Stephen King had apparently been doing it, but Marvel’s MCU was still in its infancy with two Iron Man movies, a Hulk movie and a Thor movie seeming only loosely connected until Avengers arrived in 2012.
Finally, this book also laid the blueprints for the kind of genre mixing we see more of in later Wax/Wayne books. Oh and it was likely one of the first Steampunk books I ever read.
(although the first Steampunk story I reviewed on the blog was in 2013 called Cup of Joe by Anita Ensal. Apparently I liked it)
(2013)
Another steampunk novel (I guess we can start to see a trend in 21st century Fantasy), which begins what is likely my new favorite series (The Books of Babel). I’ve praised this book (and its sequel: Arm of the Sphinx) for having some of the most enjoyable character work of any books I’ve ever read. Bancroft is a master of painting a life in a single line, and of showing a gradual change over many Ringdoms.
And while its sheer excellence might be enough to earn it a spot on this list, I have a notion that this book is also important in terms of the larger publishing industry, namely the arrival of truly powerful self-published novels which compete with more traditionally published books. I believe the Books of Babel are now published by Orbit, but the first book was originally self-published.
A great read and assuredly a signal of sorts of things to come.
(2017)
The first of two books published in 2017 (apparently a powerhouse year) that grace this list, City of Brass begins our adventures in the Djinn city of Daevabad, and (to my mind) brought Islamic mythology and folklore to mainstream Fantasy.
It appears to have missed inclusion on the 2018 Hugo ballot by only a single vote, but we would see works from the series appear in such company later, when the trilogy was nominated for best series in 2021.
Perhaps the Fantasy genre had been trending away from traditional medieval tropes and forms for a while by 2017, but The City of Brass and its sequels just happen to be my favorite expression of this much needed trend.
(2017)
Speaking of moving away from traditional tropes and forms in Fantasy . . . JADE (Mfing) CITY!! Wow what a book . . . what a SERIES! Pitched as a kind of “Godfather with kung fu and magic”, Jade City starts our adventures with the Kaul family in Janloon, and while a masterpiece in its own right, it also sets the stage for several absolutely devastating sequels.
Based in a secondary world all its own, The Green Bone Saga is perhaps one of the most truly intricate urban fantasies when it comes to worldbuilding that I’ve ever read. While many fantasies rely on prophecy and myth to create the kind of epic stakes we expect from the genre, the history makers in this world are still alive, aging badly, and worse, failing to live up to the myth and legend which has come up around them. It is truly an excellent change of pace from years past and (IMHO) emblematic of “21st century” Fantasy.
Also this book will likely send you straight to therapy. I can’t remember a book before or since in which I felt so strongly (and experienced such trauma and grief) for its characters. Finally, I don’t feel Jade City is the first, or even probably the best example of Grimdark Fantasy, but it is probably my favorite.
(2018)
Another Grimdark Fantasy book inspired by Asian culture and mythology. I originally did not much enjoy this work (a little too grim and dark for my tastes) until I learned a bit more history and context surrounding what the book was attempting to accomplish. Despite the magic, and other ‘trappings of genre’ which the book makes use of, I don’t think anyone can argue this book is not literary.
It’s beautifully written, intricately crafted, and completely blunt in its depiction of certain horrors and atrocities. It is a book that drives you to seek out information about the real world, and you might not like what you see.
The Poppy War also contains some important subversions of traditional fantasy tropes, the most interesting and immediate (perhaps representative of our time) surrounding magic schools.
Finally, I don’t think many would deny R.F. Kuang as an important voice in today’s literary moment. This debut, feels like a kind of herald, announcing the quality and significance of future works (which I still need to read!)
(2019)
I include this book on the list because I feel it serves as a kind of definition for an increasingly popular subgenre of Fantasy: Godpunk. The basic definition runs something like this:
A genre in which mythic gods directly interfere in modern human affairs.
This can apply to tons of books, both past and present (note Percy Jackson listed above), but I hadn’t really seen anyone use this label, or try to put a box around books that did this until David Mogo. I think the book is also notable for introducing readers to a pantheon of West African (specifically Orisha) gods and goddesses. Up until this point, books in this vein trended towards Greek/Roman, Norse, or Ancient Egyptian mythologies. By 2019, I feel we’re starting to see different mythologies coming into the genre — Kaikeyi by Vaishnavi Patel is another excellent 2022 example for Indian mythology that is sadly unreviewed here — with Suyi Davies Okungbowa leading the charge.
(2019)
Gideon The Ninth could belong on this list for any number of reasons. The kind of gothic-fantasy-mystery-set-in-space aesthetic is certainly representative of weakening genre/sub-genre boundaries and the rise in popularity of mixing genres (as we saw with Alloy of Law and sequels). Gideon as a character is quite affable, and despite such a dark and grim setting, has a pretty hopeful outlook which in hindsight feels precursor the emergence of genres like Hopepunk and Cozy Fantasy.
And even with all the crass remarks and sometimes rude humor, GtN is also quite ‘literary’ in the sense that it has us analyzing how queer relationships are depicted in fiction, and debating what kinds of subject matter is ‘OK’ to write about at all. Wherever you fall — I present an opinion much more eloquently in my actual review — there is value in reading this book simply for the questions it raises.
And of course GtN is just the start. There is also the sequel Harrow the Ninth to consider, which is absolutely just a mind-fuck of a novel (more sequels have come out too but I have not yet had a chance to read them)
(2020)
While The Broken Earth trilogy would be the obvious choice for this list, and was included in the NYT list which sparked this post, I have yet to review those books on my blog. So, we’ll go with one I have reviewed here on A&A, and honestly I think it’s as great a choice as any: The City We Became.
If it has not already, I’m sure The City We Became will inspire a thousand other urban love letters by other authors, anthropomorphizing other cities around The States, and around the world (I think NOLA has already had a few great stories inspired thusly). Will any of them be as good as this? Assuredly not many. The attention to craft on display in this book is incredible, and the undertaking itself feels innovative and awe inspiring. I can think of no more relevant display of people overcoming differences to live and strive together than a bunch of New Yorkers coming together to take on Lovecraftian horrors. It’s a message we sorely needed in 2020, and one that I think we need even more in 2024.
Also, N.K. Jemisin’s use of cosmic horror in the novel, and a few deliberately named artworks and enemies, accomplishes more than just gripping fiction. It simultaneously pays homage to, and claps back at, genre roots which we’re very much attempting to reconcile with modern values and thinking. H.P. Lovecraft was an antisemite and a racist. He is also considered by many to be one of the fathers of fantasy.
The City We Became acknowledges ALL of this legacy and is an incredible answer to it.
(2023)
The newest book on this list, and even quite new to this blog (I only reviewed it last week), but Fourth Wing has earned its place as a ‘literary moment’ through sheer popularity. It seems like everyone has read, is reading, or is about to read this book, and whether you love it or hate it, you are going to talk about it.
Part of this phenomenon is because of its success on Tik Tok, which is important as a signal of change in preferences for social media consumption, but as I note in my review, in-person and real-life interactions surrounding this series are also quite prevalent, which also seems important (especially as COVID restrictions ease).
Virality aside, Fourth Wing is also emblematic of a few 21st century fantasy trends. First, its status as both Romantasy and Dark Academia, positions it at the center of two ‘new’ genres which are widely popular and emerging as more ‘mainstream’ than other kinds of traditional fantasy. Second it seems significant of a shift in the level of eroticism that mainstream readers will accept. Fourth Wing and its sequel Iron Flame, DO NOT fade to black when it’s time for the ‘spice’ to flow, and yet this seems to be a well loved feature, not a hated or scorned bug.
I’m sure we’ll be seeing much more of this in the coming years.
Conclusion
Well, there you have it. Ten Fantasy titles which define the first 25 years of this century. It’s been a twisting, turning road, with the weakening of traditional ideas of distinct genres, mythologies and settings; the emergence and legitimization of entire new ways to publish books and stories; and the reconciliation of what kinds stories we should even be telling now that so many ideas have changed compared to previous centuries.
When written that way, it almost seems like the Fantasy genre is quite ‘Literary’ after all, and represents our current moment in history as well as any other genre.
This post was a blast to write, and turned out way longer (and more academic) then I intended, but of course I’m curious what any readers (hi you three!) think. Should the NYT list have had more “genre fiction” on it? Does it even matter? Which titles did I miss?
Please leave your thoughts in the comments! Can’t wait to talk about this more!