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Njengoba intuthuko igcina intuthuko, amasistimu omzimba we-NGI ayinkimbinkimbi ngaphezu kokuthuthuka. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlelo zomzimba, amasekhethi okulawula ukumelana angase abe ukusetha okubalulekile okubhekana nokugeleza kwamandla kagesi ezicini ezihlukile. Indawo eyodwa lokhu okubalulekile kumasekethe kungaba ukuvikela okuhlelekayo (PRM). Ama-PRM angase atholakale ezidingweni lapho okunembile ngaphezu kokulawula lokhu empeleni kuwukuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene kokuphepha okubaluleke ngempela kubaluleke ngempela. Lo mlayezo omfishane owusizo uzokhuluma ngokufingqiwe amandla ahlelekayo , indlela ewumsebenzi wangempela, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-PRM anikeziwe.
I-NGI Programmable Security Element ingase ibe isici se-elekthronikhi empeleni ebesihloselwe ukunikeza isivikelo esiguquguqukayo esibiza kahle esiphathwa kusetshenziswa isilawuli esincane kanye neminye imithombo yokulawula ehlukahlukene esebenza ngogesi. ukulayisha kwe-dc okulungisekayo kulindeleke ukuthi kubhekwane nokugeleza kwezinto ezikhona kumasekethe e-elekthronikhi lapho okunembayo ngaphezu kokuvikela lokhu empeleni kuyavumelana nezimo ngempela okulindelekile. Banikezwa izinhlobo ezihluke ngempela ezihlanganisa izinto eziphikisayo eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo, ngaphezu kwama-potentiometers.

Ngokuvamile, i-PRM iyingxenye nje ekwazi ukumelana nayo ngokuphelele ikhiqizwa ukuze isebenze ngokufanayo nokuba i-microcontroller kanye nomthombo olawulayo ovela ngezikhathi ezithile oyidijithali. I-NGI PRM lena yinto ejwayelekile yokuxhunywa ekucushweni lokhu empeleni kuqondile impela ukunikeza isivikelo esithandwayo esibaluleke ngempela. Isilawuli esincane sinikeza ilayisense okungeye-elekthronikhi empeleni eyidijithali indikimba yezokuvikela, elungisa ukuvikelwa okufanele ezingeni lakho elidingekayo.
Isibambiso esisebenza ngempumelelo somphakathi oqoqwe yi-PRM ekhethiwe njengomphumela wamanani okumelana nomuntu. I umthwalo we-elekthronikhi ohlelekayo isivikelo singashintsha ngokushesha noma ngokuxhumanisa ngisho nezinto eziphikisayo empeleni ezihlukanisayo zihluke kakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-voltage kuma-electrode. Lawa mandla kagesi angakwazi ukucisha ngokushesha ukulungisa esivikelweni sento ebiza ngempumelelo, ngenxa yaleso sizathu okubangela ukulungiswa kwezokuphepha.

Ama-PRM anikeza izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
I-1. Ukuvumelana nezimo
Impela phakathi kwezinzuzo ezibalulekile zama-PRM ukuguquguquka kwawo. Bavumela okunembayo ngaphezu kokulawula lokhu empeleni kuguquguquka ngempela kwenani kuya ezidingweni zobungcweti ezihlukahlukayo. Isibambiso singagcina sishintshiwe njengoba wena ubiza isekethe ngokuqhubekayo, ukukhiqiza inani elingcono kakhulu lokulawula ukuba ne-PRM.
2. Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko
Ama-PRM awabizi kumadili amahle wezidingo. Umkhiqizo we-NGI okungukuthi i-programmable dc electronic load phatha zonke phakathi kwenani elidingekayo zokuphepha, okunciphisa isici kukwenza ube ngemuva kakhulu kunokusebenzisa izici ezihlukene ngempela njengeziphikisayo, ama-capacitor, ngaphezu kwama-potentiometer.
3. Ukulawula okunembe
Ama-PRM, njengoba empeleni asekelwe ku-microcontroller, anikeza okunembile ngaphezu kokulawula lokho okuwukuphepha okunembayo, okuzobaluleka ngempela ekunikezeni okumangalisayo kwezimfuno. Basusa ukuhlukahluka ngaphezu kwamaphutha ahlinzekwe ngokulungiswa kwezandla kwemizimba ephikisayo.
4. Ukuqapha okulula kokugcina ngaphezu kobukhulu
Ama-PRM anika amandla ubukhulu obulula ngaphezu kokuqapha ukubaluleka kokuvikelwa kwesekethe. Imithombo yokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi ingase ilungele ngempela ukuthola izimpawu zokuphawula kanye nesici, esinikeza ulwazi oluqondile njengesibonelo amanani okuphepha.

Okuphawulwe ngezansi empeleni kuphakathi kwezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zama-PRM:
1. Ama-Potentiometers edijithali
Ama-potentiometers edijithali azogcina ephakathi kohlobo oluningi kakhulu olusetshenziswayo. Ahlanganisa isistimu yomzimba ephikisayo engase ishintshwe ukusetshenziswa ekhiqiza izibambo ezingase zibe zedijithali njengezilawuli ezincane. I-potentiometer ewukuguqulwayo lokhu empeleni iyinani ledijithali ngempela ngokuthuthwa okungaphakathi kwe-wiper ngisho noshintsho lwemizimba eqinile. Isivikelo se-NGI esibaluleke ngempela singashesha ngokushesha ngokwesinyathelo ngaso sonke isikhathi sihluke ngempela futhi silingane.
2. I-Digital Rheostats
Ama-Digital Rheostats abonakala njengama-potentiometer edijithali nokho asebenza njengezinqamuleli eziguquguqukayo ngisho neziphikisayo empeleni eziguquguqukayo ngempela ezisetshenziselwa amasekhethi asunguliwe ukuze asetshenziswe kanye nesivikelo esibaluleke ngempela lokho ngokukhethekile. I-Digital Rheostats inewebhusayithi ye-resistor webinternet ephindaphindayo eyenza abantu basebenze kanye nokwehluka kwesekethe efanayo lapho bengakwazi ukuphatha i-potentiometer yakudala.
3. I-Resistor Arrays
Amalungu afanayo okumelana angase athathwe ngokuthi ama-PRM enzeke epakishwe ngaphambili. Zihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zokuphikisa ephaketheni eliyedwa. Lezi zinto eziphikisayo empeleni zifakwe izintambo kanye nezinye ngaphezu kokupakishwa okuyinketho ngempela, ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka lokhu empeleni kwenziwe ngendlela efanele ngaphakathi kwendawo lokhu empeleni kuncane kakhulu.
4. Ama-Amplifaya Okuthuthukisa Engahlelwa
Ama-Programmable Enhance Amplifiers (PGAs) empeleni angamadivayisi anemba ngempela adalelwe ukudala okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisiwe kwezimpawu ze-elekthronikhi. Ama-PGA i-programmable dc power supply ihlanganisa ukuphepha ngaphezu kwamasekhethi e-amplifier okuyi-operalop-amp), enikeza amazinga amakhulu kakhulu okuthuthukisa izimpawu empeleni ezincane ngempela ezikhiqiza zonke zazo ngokufanelekile ukuze zikwazi ukufaneleka komzimba kanye nezidingo zempilo.
5. Iziguquli zeDigital-to-analog
Iziguquli ze-Digital-to-analog empeleni zingama-PRM ashintsha izimpawu empeleni njenge-analog yedijithali exhumanisayo. I-oda empeleni linikwe amandla ngawo wonke lawo wonke lokhu empeleni kuyidijithali ukwenza ilayisense ye-analog ehlanganisa amanani okuvikela kungaba ngesudi ngisho nokuhlanganisa. Ama-DAC empeleni ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezintweni ze-elekthronikhi indawo lapho isilawuli esincane sidinga ukudala izimpawu ze-analog.
Ekusebenzeni kwafakwa isisekelo esisha se-NGI 2022. I-Programmable Resistance Module, indawo yokusebenza engamamitha-skwele angu-16000 inesisekelo. Ezisebenzini, kukhona ochwepheshe abangaba ngu-200+. Bonke abasebenzi benza ama-50% abasebenzi bakwa-R no-D.
Amasistimu okuhlola ama-supercapacitor, imithwalo ye-elekthronikhi ye-DC, namandla kagesi e-Programmable Resistance Module.
Izindleko ezinkulu nokonga kwendawo kuvunyelwe isifanisi sebhethri esididiyelwe kakhulu esivela ku-NGI, esineziteshi ezingama-24. Okunye okuningi kanye ne-India, Vietnam, France, Germany, USA ekuphathweni kohlelo lwebhethri ye-BMS enkulu uma isetshenziswa i-Programmable Resistance Module.
Ngezinga lamanje le-nA kanye ne-voltage ye-Programmable Resistance Module, isifanisi sebhethri ye-NGI i-N8336 inembe kakhulu. Njll, izinto zikagesi zabathengi, amabhodi okuvikela ibhethri, kanye nama-chips e-BMS AFE angahlolwa nge-N8336, ithuluzi elikhulu.
Ama-PRM athola isidingo sawo ezindaweni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
1. Imakethe yezimoto
I-PRMs NGI ingasiza ngokushesha ukulawula ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zokuqaphela emotweni kagesi, njengezinhlelo zokuqaphela umoya-mpilo, amasistimu wokuqaphela izinga lokushisa, ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zokuqaphela ukugeleza kwesibhakabhaka, okuyizici ezibalulekile ngempela ohlelweni lomzimba lokulawulwa kwezimoto zikagesi.
2. I-Industrial Automation
Ama-PRM empeleni asetshenziselwa ukuguqula izindlela zokwelapha ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa, ukuphathwa kwamandla, ngaphezu kwezinqubomgomo zikagesi. ukunikezwa kwamandla okulungisekayo empeleni kube usizo ngempela uma uthola ukubukeka kwentuthuko ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezinhlelo ezihlukene zomzimba ezishintshayo.
3. amagajethi edijithali yekhasimende
Ama-PRM empeleni asetshenziswa kumishini kagesi, okuhlanganisa nama-smartphone ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zemizimba yokuzijabulisa yasekhaya, ukuphatha ukukhanya, amandla, ngaphezu kwesimo somqondo.
4. Amadivayisi Okunakekelwa Kwezempilo
Ama-PRM ezidingweni zezokwelapha ahlanganisa izici ezihlelekile ze-electrocardiograms (ECGs), electroencephalograms (EEGs), ngaphezu kwamadivayisi e-electromyography (EMG).
5. Amarobhothi
Ama-PRM angasetshenziswa kumamojula okulawula wamarobhothi, ikakhulukazi lawo alayini lokhu ngokuqinisekile abashayeli abaqukethe.