Sizokutshela konke okudingayo mayelana ne- database multidimensional kule ndatshana, ithuluzi elibaluleke kangaka ekuphathweni kwedatha eku-inthanethi. Hlala ukwazi okwengeziwe ngakho!
Kuyini i-multidimensional database?
Una database multidimensionalLuhlobo lwedatha elungiselelwe "indawo yokugcina impahla", uma iqhathaniswa neyokuqala; Leli fomu elenzelwa izinto eziningi lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kwezicelo ze-OLAP, ngoba zinikeza indlela esebenza kahle futhi elula yokuphatha imininingwane.
Njengoba kungabonakala esithombeni esiyinhloko salesi sihloko, enye yamafomu ajwayelekile kakhulu we-OLAP a database multidimensional, yi-cube, eyaziwa njenge- «OLAP Cube». Le ndlela yokuphatha idatha ingcono kakhulu kune-SQL ejwayelekile.
Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-database, ikakhulukazi i-MySQL nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zedatha ezingaphathwa; Sincoma ukuthi uvakashele isixhumanisi esilandelayo ngezansi: Izici ze-MySQL.
Izici noma izici zalesi simodeli
Lolu hlobo lwemodeli yobubanzi obuhlukahlukene, ngaphezu kokusebenza kahle, luphinde lube yimodeli esabalele kakhulu kunamamodeli woqobo; maqondana nokuthi ungalugcina kanjani lonke ulwazi. Phakathi kwezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, esingazisho ngalolu hlobo lwemodeli yobubanzi obuningi, sinokulandelayo:
- Imfanelo yokuqala, besesivele siyikhulumile phambilini futhi ubuhlobo bayo nezicelo ze-OLAP; Kungenzeka ukubuka le datha ngendlela ehlukahlukene noma konke okuqukethwe etafuleni elilodwa.
- Ngemininingwane ngayinye egcinwe ku-database, amakholamu amasha noma izinkambu zizokwakhiwa ngokuzenzakalela, ebangeni elihambisanayo.
- Ifomu idatha eliyithathayo, elisetshenziselwa amamodeli we-multidimensional, yilelo lekhiyubhu (uma kwenzeka kusetshenziswa amathuluzi we-OLAP, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla) noma i-hypercube, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-tesseract.
Isithombe se-hypercube noma i-tesseract.
Izinzuzo zolwazi olunemininingwane eminingi kunalezo zobudlelwano
Le modeli yobubanzi obuningi ingcono kakhulu kunamamodeli ejwayelekile we-SQL yedatha; Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zamuva zisebenza njengesidalwa sohlobo lokuqala lwemodeli. Lokhu kunjalo, ngoba imodeli yedatha enhlobonhlobo ihlukahluka kakhulu lapho sifuna ukwenza umbuzo.
Ngenkathi yemibuzo ye-SQL, izitatimende (ezinikezwe izinkulumo noma imiyalo) kufanele zibe mfushane futhi zicace; ngendlela yokuthi imiphumela i-database esinikeza yona, iyona elula kakhulu. Ngefayela le- database multidimensional, Singakwazi "ukukhipha" imininingwane ethile esiyifunayo, ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu; ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukwazi ukwenza imibuzo eminingana ngaphandle kwezinkinga, esimweni esiphambene ne-SQL, lapho kufanele yenziwe khona ngamunye ngamunye.
Okuwukuphela kokubi lapho imodeli ye-multidimensional inakho, uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli we-SQL, ukuguqulwa kwedatha; okusho ukuthi, ngenkathi uhlobo lokugcina lwemodeli, singaguqula imininingwane nokwakheka kaningi ngendlela esifuna ngayo, izoshintsha ngokuzenzakalela ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Endabeni yemodeli ebanzi, uma sifuna ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukuguqulwa, kuyadingeka ukwenza konke kusuka ekuqaleni; ngoba aluvumeli ushintsho lwesakhiwo, uma selwenziwe.
Isibonelo kuzinzuzo zalesi simodeli semikhawulo eminingi
Ukucacisa ngokwengeziwe ngesigaba sangaphambilini sendatshana, ake sicabange ukuthi sinedatha yokuthengisa okuthile: imikhiqizo ethengisiwe, izindawo lapho ithengiswe khona, amanani entengo yomkhiqizo ngamunye, izikhathi (noma izinkathi zesikhathi) lapho le mikhiqizo ithengisiwe kanye neminye imininingwane efanele. Ngakho-ke sifuna ukwazi imininingwane ethile, njengezindawo nezintengo zomkhiqizo ngamunye; nokuthi lokhu kuboniswa kuspredishithi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze bakwazi ukuqhathanisa.
Ngenkathi i-database yezobudlelwano be-SQL, lokhu kungenakwenzeka, nge database multidimensionalKungenzeka ukuthi ucezu ngalunye lwedatha lunikezwe imfanelo ehlukile; Ngale ndlela, akuyona iqoqo lazo zonke izinhlobo zolwazi, kepha ngalunye luphathwa ngokuzimela. Ngenxa yalokhu kuzimela, kulula ukufinyelela idatha ngayinye ethize esiyifunayo, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngayinye ingahlukaniswa ngokulinganayo, ukuyenza icace nakakhulu.
Ezinye izinzuzo ezingeziwe ngaphezulu kwesizinda semininingwane eminingi emhlabeni webhizinisi
Ngalesi simodeli, sinenombolo engapheli yezindlela zokufinyelela kudatha esiyifunayo, kungaba ngendlela ejwayelekile, noma ezimweni ezithile, njengasesibonelweni esedlule. Singakwazi ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lombuzo, kungaba lula kakhulu noma kube yinkimbinkimbi; sizohlala sithola imiphumela emihle kakhulu, ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu nokusebenza ngempumelelo okukhulu kakhulu.
Ngalolu hlobo lwemodeli, singakwazi futhi ukukhiqiza imibiko yayo yonke idatha egciniwe; ukuze sikwazi ukuthuthuka, maqondana namabhizinisi ancintisanayo esinawo. Sizokwazi ukufinyelela enanini elikhulu lolwazi ngaphandle kwenkinga hhayi ngakodwa, ngakho-ke umsebenzi uzokwenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu; Ngisho nakulolu lwazi olutholakele, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhiqizwe umbiko osiza ekuhlaziyweni kwawo.
Ngokuvamile, njengoba umsebenzi wale modeli yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ulungiswa futhi wenziwa ngcono, ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi sizoba nemibiko, sihlaziye, sizokwazi ukufinyelela olwazini oluthile nakho konke esesikubalile; umsebenzi ulula kakhulu, usinikeza isikhathi esithe xaxa sokusabela emncintiswaneni.
Sizokwazi ukunikeza imibiko ngendlela eningiliziwe yedatha noma ngendlela ejwayelekile, lokhu kuzoba ngokokubona kwethu nalokho esinquma ukukufuna. Kule vidiyo elandelayo, ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne- database multidimensional.