Technical Papers

Authors

ZITRÓN

Abstract

The longest tunnels ever constructed in Spain are located in the Sierra of Guadarrama with a length of over 28 km and they represent an unprecedented project in this country. The expansion of the high-speed railway network in Europe, in particular in Spain, is causing an increase in the number of tunnels and in their length. As a consequence of the serious accidents in recent years, there has been growing concern about the safety of railway users, this has become one of the main considerations in the functional design of tunnels.

Authors

Roberto Arias Álvarez
Technical Director – ZITRÓN

Javier Fernández López
Technical Pre Sales Management – ZITRÓN

Abstract

One of the main problems that could be suffered by the fans installed in the definitive ventilation systems is stalling, this being one of the major causes of concem for the operation contractors in charge of the ventilation systems of tunnels.

Stalling in axial fans is a phenomenon that can be compared with the situation experienced by aircraft wings where, as the angle of incidence of the airflow is increased, the lift force increases first, but falls abruptly when a certain critica! angle is exceeded. Figures 1 and 2 show both flow conditions.

Authors

Luis Javier Díaz
Head of Project Management Office – ZITRÓN

Abstract

In society today, infrastructure availability has become an essential day-today need. This clearly poses new challenges. On one hand, we must provide permanent usability by extending the service life of our civil infrastructures, and on the other, we must design and develop equipment that does not fall into early obsolescence, all while reducing maintenance and the need for replacement over time. This is why it will be necessary to take measures to find how to integrate these two service lives, which diverge such a great deal from one another.

While the number of users of these infrastructures grows year after year, ventilation equipment, considered safety elements within the global tunnel as a whole, increasingly require maintenance or renewal operations. This is due firstly to the lifespan of the equipment within the environment, and secondly to the increasing legal requirements in terms of their safety.

Tunnels tend to be highly aggressive environments, with highly corrosive conditions. This is due to polluting gases from vehicles (with roadway tunnels), severe environmental conditions, or ongoing operability with freshair equipment, or infrequent, with fume exhaust equipment.

Using materials designed for high-corrosion tunnels, new surface coverings, equipment designed for preventive maintenance, as well as operability guidelines for ventilation systems, can lengthen the lifespan of said equipment, thereby obtaining the sought-after availability of our infrastructures without impacting the lives of their users.