R Programming Articles

Page 8 of 174

How to create boxplot using ggplot2 without box border in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

We know that the middle portion of a boxplot is a box which is covered with black border but we can remove that border from the plot by defining the aesthetics of the boxplot with color argument. We can follow the below steps to create such type of boxplot −Creating a data frame.Then create a default boxplot.Loading ggplot2 package and creating the same boxplot without box border.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x

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How to create facetted histograms using ggplot2 in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 5K+ Views

The facetted histograms are the separated histograms created for different categories in a single plot window. We can follow the below steps to create such type of histograms using ggplot2 −First of all, create the data frame.Load the ggplot2 package and create facetted histogram with the help of facet_grid function of ggplot2 package.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −Group

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How to find the row sums by excluding a column in R data frame?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

Suppose we have a numerical column in an R data frame that we do not want to include our analysis due to some characteristics such is similarity or distinction with the rest of the data then we might want to exclude that column from the analysis. One such situation would be finding the row sums by excluding a column. For this purpose, we can use the below steps −First of all, creating a data frame.Finding the row sums with the help of mutate function of dplyr package and setdiff function in base RCreate the data frameLet's create a data frame ...

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How to replace NAs with non-NA if there is only one non-NA in R data frame based on another column?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 459 Views

If we have only one non-NA value in an R data frame column and a column that is categorical then we might want to replace the NAs with the given non-NA. For this purpose, we can follow the below steps −First of all, creating a data frameThen replacing the NA with non-NA with the help of min function of base R and mutate function of dplyr package.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −Grp

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How to create a line chart using ggplot2 that touches the edge in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 380 Views

To create a line chart using ggplot2 that touches the edge we can follow the below steps −First of all, creating data frame.Then loading ggplot2 package and creating the line chart in default manner.After that creating the line chart with coord_cartesian function.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x

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How to convert a variable into zero mean and unit variance in an R data frame?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 913 Views

Converting a variable into zero mean and unit variance means that we want to standardize the variable and it can be done with the help of scale function we can follow the below steps −First of all, creating data frame.Then using scale function to convert the variable into zero mean and unit variance.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x

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How to test for the difference between two regression coefficients in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 3K+ Views

To test for the difference between two regression coefficients, we can follow the below steps −First of all, creating data frame.Then creating a regression model.After that testing the difference between regression coefficients using LienarHypothesis function of car package.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x1

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How to display categorical column name in facet grid in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 567 Views

To display categorical column name in facet grid, we can use the following steps −First of all, creating data frame.Loading ggplot2 package and creating a chart with facetsCreating the chart with facets and labeller function to display categorical column nameCreate the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x

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Why mean is NaN even if na.rm is set to TRUE using dplyr in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 1K+ Views

If na.rm is set to TRUE using dplyr package then the output for statistical operations returns NaN. To avoid this, we need to exclude na.rm. Follow below steps to understand the difference between the tw −First of all, create a data frame.Summarise the data frame with na.rm set to TRUE if NA exists in the data frame.Summarise the data frame without setting na.rm to TRUE.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −Group&li;-rep(c("First", "Second", "Third"), times=c(3, 10, 7)) Response&li;-rep(c(NA, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8), times=c(3, 2, 5, 2, 4, 4)) df&li;-data.frame(Group, Response) dfOn executing, the above script ...

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How to generate the outcome of three throws of a die in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 171 Views

When we roll a die three times, the sample space contains two hundred and sixteen outcomes that is 216. If we want to generate the outcome of three throws of a die then expand.grid function can be used with rep and list function.Generating the outcome of three throws of a dieLet's create a data frame as shown below −expand.grid(rep(list(1:6),2))On executing, the above script generates the below output(this output will vary on your system due to randomization) −OutputVar1 Var2 1 1    1 2 2    1 3 3    1 4 4    1 5 5    1 6 6    1 7 1    2 8 2    2 9 3    2 10 4    2 11 5    2 12 6    2 13 1    3 14 2    3 15 3    3 16 4    3 17 5    3 18 6    3 19 1    4 20 2    4 21 3    4 22 4    4 23 5    4 24 6    4 25 1    5 26 2    5 27 3    5 28 4    5 29 5    5 30 6    5 31 1    6 32 2    6 33 3    6 34 4    6 35 5    6 36 6    6

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