Programming Articles

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Decoding and encoding hexadecimal digitals using Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 5K+ Views

In this article, we will learn how to decode and encode hexadecimal digits using Python. Python provides built-in modules like binascii and base64 that make hexadecimal conversion straightforward. What are Hexadecimal Digits? Hexadecimal is a base-16 number system that uses digits 0-9 and letters A-F to represent values. It's commonly used in programming to represent binary data in a more readable format. Method 1: Using binascii Module The binascii module provides functions to convert between binary and different ASCII-encoded binary representations. It's ideal when you need to encode or decode raw hex digit strings. Encoding ...

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Decimal Equivalents of 1/2, 1/3, . . . ,1/10 in Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

In this article, we will learn Python programs that calculate and display the decimal equivalents of fractions from 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, up to 1/10. We'll explore three different approaches to accomplish this task. Method 1: Basic Division for Single Fraction We can calculate the decimal equivalent of 1/2 using simple division. This demonstrates the basic concept before scaling to multiple fractions ? # Calculate decimal equivalent of 1/2 numerator = 1 denominator = 2 result = numerator / denominator print(f"1/{denominator} = {result}") 1/2 = 0.5 Method 2: Using range() Function ...

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Check if the matrix is lower triangular using Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 516 Views

In this article, we will learn a Python program to check if a matrix is lower triangular. A lower triangular matrix is a square matrix where all elements above the main diagonal are zero. What is a Lower Triangular Matrix? A square matrix is called lower triangular if all entries above the main diagonal are zero. Elements on or below the main diagonal can be any value. Example of Lower Triangular Matrix 1 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 1 3 7 0 0 4 8 4 In ...

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Calculating profit or loss using Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 7K+ Views

In this article, we will learn how to create Python programs to calculate profit or loss by comparing cost price and selling price. We'll explore two different approaches to solve this business problem. Understanding Cost Price, Selling Price, Profit and Loss Before diving into the code, let's understand the basic concepts ? The cost price (CP) is the amount paid to purchase a product. The selling price (SP) is the amount received when selling that product. Profit occurs when selling price is greater than cost price ? Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price ...

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Breaking a Set into a list of sets using Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 616 Views

In this article, we will learn how to break a Set into a list of sets in Python, where each element of the original set becomes a separate single-element set. A set is an unordered collection of unique elements. Sometimes we need to convert each element into its own set within a list structure. We'll explore three different approaches to accomplish this task ? Methods Used The following are the various methods used to accomplish this task ? Using For Loop and append(), add() functions Using Python map() & lambda functions Using List Comprehension ...

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Adding a data table to the figure using Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

In this article, we will learn how to add a data table to the figure using Python. Although matplotlib is primarily a plotting library, it also assists us with minor tasks when making a chart, such as having a nice data table alongside our attractive visuals. It is critical to understand why we are adding a table to a plot. The primary goal of plotting data visually is to clarify the otherwise incomprehensible data values. However, properly chosen, perhaps summarized, or highlighted values from the entire dataset might identify essential areas of the chart or highlight important values ...

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Add a character to a specific position in a string using Python

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 68K+ Views

In this article, we will learn how to add a character to a specific position in a string in Python. Python strings are immutable, so these methods create new strings rather than modifying the original. Methods to Add Characters to Strings The following are the various methods to accomplish this task − Using the '+' operator Using join() function Using format() function Method 1: Using the '+' Operator The '+' operator concatenates strings by combining them at specified positions. This is the most straightforward method for adding characters. Adding Character at the ...

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What is the best way to get stock data using Python?

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 13K+ Views

In this article, we will learn the best way to get stock data using Python. The yfinance Python library will be used to retrieve current and historical stock market price data from Yahoo Finance API. This library is free to use and requires no API key. Installation of Yahoo Finance (yfinance) Yahoo Finance is one of the best platforms for acquiring stock market data. You can install yfinance using pip with the following command ? Syntax pip install yfinance The best part about the yfinance library is that it's completely free to ...

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What are the uses of the "enumerate()" function on Python?

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 545 Views

The enumerate() function is a Python built-in that returns an enumerate object containing index-value pairs from any iterable. This function is essential when you need both the index and value while iterating through sequences. Syntax enumerate(iterable, start=0) Parameters iterable − Any sequence, collection, or iterator object (list, tuple, string, etc.) start − Optional starting index value. Default is 0 Basic Usage with Lists The enumerate() function returns an enumerate object that yields tuples containing (index, value) pairs ? # Basic enumerate usage fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange", "grape"] ...

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What are some projects that I can work on while learning Python?

Vikram Chiluka
Vikram Chiluka
Updated on 26-Mar-2026 289 Views

Learning Python becomes more effective when you build practical projects that reinforce programming concepts. This article explores beginner-friendly Python projects that help you practice essential skills while creating useful applications. Python's versatility makes it perfect for various domains including web development, data analysis, automation, and machine learning. The best way to master Python is through hands-on project development that combines learning with practical problem-solving. Number Guessing Game Build a simple game where players guess a secret number within a specific range. This project teaches fundamental programming concepts ? import random def number_guessing_game(): ...

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