Python Articles

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Python Program to Find All Connected Components using DFS in an Undirected Graph

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

When it is required to find all the connected components using depth first search in an undirected graph, a class is defined that contains methods to initialize values, perform depth first search traversal, find the connected components, add nodes to the graph and so on. The instance of the class can be created and the methods can be accessed and operations and be performed on it.Below is a demonstration of the same −Exampleclass Graph_struct:    def __init__(self, V):       self.V = V       self.adj = [[] for i in range(V)]    def DFS_Utililty(self, temp, v, ...

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Python Program to Find the Sum of All Nodes in a Binary Tree

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 290 Views

When it is required to find the sum of all the nodes of a tree, a class is created, and it contains methods to set the root node, add elements to the tree, search for a specific element, and add elements of the tree to find the sum and so on. An instance of the class can be created to access and use these methods.Below is a demonstration of the same −Exampleclass Tree_struct:    def __init__(self, data=None):       self.key = data       self.children = []    def set_root(self, data):       self.key = data ...

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Take in Two Strings and Display the Larger String without Using Built-in Functions in Python Program

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 895 Views

When it is required to take two strings and display the larger string without using any built-in function, the counter can be used to get the length of the strings, and ‘if’ condition can be used to compare their lengths.Below is the demonstration of the same −Examplestring_1= "Hi there" string_2= "Hi how are ya" print("The first string is :") print(string_1) print("The second string is :") print(string_2) count_1 = 0 count_2 = 0 for i in string_1:    count_1=count_1+1 for j in string_2:    count_2=count_2+1 if(count_1

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Python Program to Find All Connected Components using BFS in an Undirected Graph

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 765 Views

When it is required to find the sum of all the nodes of a tree, a class is created, and it contains methods to set the root node, add elements to the tree, search for a specific element, and add elements of the tree to find the sum and so on. An instance of the class can be created to access and use these methods.Below is a demonstration of the same −Exampleclass Graph_structure:    def __init__(self, V):       self.V = V       self.adj = [[] for i in range(V)]    def DFS_Utility(self, temp, v, ...

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Count Number of Lowercase Characters in a String in Python Program

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

When it is required to count the number of lower case characters in a string, the ‘islower’ method and a simple ‘for’ loop can be used.Below is the demonstration of the same −Examplemy_string = "Hi there how are you" print("The string is ") print(my_string) my_counter=0 for i in my_string:    if(i.islower()):       my_counter=my_counter+1 print("The number of lowercase characters in the string are :") print(my_counter)OutputThe string is Hi there how are you The number of lowercase characters in the string are : 15ExplanationA string is defined and is displayed on the console.A counter value is initialized to 0.The ...

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Extract Unique dictionary values in Python Program

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 1K+ Views

When it is required to extract unique values from a dictionary, a dictionary is created, and the ‘sorted’ method and dictionary comprehension is used.Below is a demonstration for the same −Examplemy_dict = {'hi' : [5, 3, 8, 0],    'there' : [22, 51, 63, 77],    'how' : [7, 0, 22],    'are' : [12, 11, 45],    'you' : [56, 31, 89, 90]} print("The dictionary is : ") print(my_dict) my_result = list(sorted({elem for val in my_dict.values() for elem in val})) print("The unique values are : ") print(my_result)OutputThe dictionary is : {'hi': [5, 3, 8, 0], 'there': ...

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Python Program to Find if Undirected Graph contains Cycle using BFS

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 508 Views

When it is required to find the sum of all the nodes of a tree, a class is created, and it contains methods to set the root node, add elements to the tree, search for a specific element, and add elements of the tree to find the sum and so on. An instance of the class can be created to access and use these methods.Below is a demonstration of the same −Examplefrom collections import deque def add_edge(adj: list, u, v):    adj[u].append(v)    adj[v].append(u) def detect_cycle(adj: list, s, V, visited: list):    parent = [-1] * V ...

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Insertion at the beginning in OrderedDict using Python

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 577 Views

When it is required to insert the elements at the beginning of an ordered dictionary, the ‘update’ method can be used.Below is the demonstration of the same −Examplefrom collections import OrderedDict my_ordered_dict = OrderedDict([('Will', '1'), ('James', '2'), ('Rob', '4')]) print("The dictionary is :") print(my_ordered_dict) my_ordered_dict.update({'Mark':'7'}) my_ordered_dict.move_to_end('Mark', last = False) print("The resultant dictionary is : ") print(my_ordered_dict)OutputThe dictionary is : OrderedDict([('Will', '1'), ('James', '2'), ('Rob', '4')]) The resultant dictionary is : OrderedDict([('Mark', '7'), ('Will', '1'), ('James', '2'), ('Rob', '4')])ExplanationThe required packages are imported.An ordered dictionary is created using OrderedDict’.It is displayed on the console.The ‘update’ method is used to ...

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Check order of character in string using OrderedDict( ) in Python

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 776 Views

When it is required to check the order of the character in the string, the ‘OrderedDict’ method can be used.Below is the demonstration of the same −Examplefrom collections import OrderedDict def check_order(my_input, my_pattern):    my_dict = OrderedDict.fromkeys(my_input)    pattern_length = 0    for key, value in my_dict.items():       if (key == my_pattern[pattern_length]):          pattern_length = pattern_length + 1       if (pattern_length == (len(my_pattern))):          return 'The order of pattern is correct'    return 'The order of pattern is incorrect' my_input = 'Hi Mark' input_pattern = 'Ma' print("The ...

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Python dictionary with keys having multiple inputs

AmitDiwan
AmitDiwan
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 1K+ Views

When it is required to create a dictionary where keys have multiple inputs, an empty dictionary can be created, and the value for a specific key can be specified.Below is the demonstration of the same −Examplemy_dict = {} a, b, c = 15, 26, 38 my_dict[a, b, c] = a + b - c a, b, c = 5, 4, 11 my_dict[a, b, c] = a + b - c print("The dictionary is :") print(my_dict)OutputThe dictionary is : {(15, 26, 38): 3, (5, 4, 11): -2}ExplanationThe required packages are imported.An empty dictionary is defined.The values for a specific key are specified.The output is displayed on the console.

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