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HTML5 Mathematical operators
HTML5 provides a comprehensive set of mathematical operators and symbols that can be displayed in web pages using HTML entities. These entities allow you to represent mathematical notation, Greek letters, and technical symbols that are not available on standard keyboards.
Syntax
Mathematical operators can be inserted using three different formats −
Named Entity:
&entityName;
Decimal Entity:
&#decimalNumber;
Hexadecimal Entity:
&#xhexNumber;
Where entityName is the predefined name, decimalNumber is the decimal Unicode code point, and hexNumber is the hexadecimal Unicode code point.
Common Mathematical Operators
Basic Arithmetic Operators
Following example demonstrates basic arithmetic operators −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Basic Mathematical Operators</title> </head> <body style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; padding: 20px; line-height: 1.6;"> <h2>Basic Arithmetic Operators</h2> <p>+ - Plus sign: +</p> <p>− - Minus sign: −</p> <p>× - Multiplication sign: ×</p> <p>÷ - Division sign: ÷</p> <p>± - Plus-minus sign: ±</p> </body> </html>
The output displays the basic arithmetic operators −
Basic Arithmetic Operators + - Plus sign: + − - Minus sign: ? × - Multiplication sign: × ÷ - Division sign: ÷ ± - Plus-minus sign: ±
Comparison Operators
Following example shows comparison and relational operators −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Comparison Operators</title> </head> <body style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; padding: 20px; line-height: 1.6;"> <h2>Comparison Operators</h2> <p>< - Less than: <</p> <p>> - Greater than: ></p> <p>≤ - Less than or equal: ≤</p> <p>≥ - Greater than or equal: ≥</p> <p>≠ - Not equal: ≠</p> <p>≡ - Equivalent: ≡</p> <p>≈ - Approximately equal: ≈</p> </body> </html>
The output displays various comparison operators −
Comparison Operators - Greater than: > ? - Less than or equal: ? ? - Greater than or equal: ? ? - Not equal: ? ? - Equivalent: ? ? - Approximately equal: ?
Advanced Mathematical Symbols
Calculus and Set Theory
Following example demonstrates advanced mathematical symbols used in calculus and set theory −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Advanced Mathematical Symbols</title> </head> <body style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; padding: 20px; line-height: 1.6;"> <h2>Calculus and Set Theory Symbols</h2> <p>∫ - Integral: ∫</p> <p>∑ - Summation (Sigma): ∑</p> <p>∏ - Product (Pi): ∏</p> <p>∂ - Partial derivative: ∂</p> <p>∇ - Nabla (Del operator): ∇</p> <p>∈ - Element of: ∈</p> <p>∉ - Not element of: ∉</p> <p>∪ - Union: ∪</p> <p>∩ - Intersection: ∩</p> </body> </html>
The output shows advanced mathematical symbols −
Calculus and Set Theory Symbols ? - Integral: ? ? - Summation (Sigma): ? ? - Product (Pi): ? ? - Partial derivative: ? ? - Nabla (Del operator): ? ? - Element of: ? ? - Not element of: ? ? - Union: ? ? - Intersection: ?
Greek Letters in Mathematics
Greek letters are commonly used in mathematical expressions. Following example shows both uppercase and lowercase Greek letters −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Greek Letters</title> </head> <body style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; padding: 20px; line-height: 1.6;"> <h2>Common Greek Letters in Mathematics</h2> <p>α - Alpha: α</p> <p>β - Beta: β</p> <p>γ - Gamma: γ</p> <p>Δ - Delta (uppercase): Δ</p> <p>δ - Delta (lowercase): δ</p> <p>π - Pi: π</p> <p>θ - Theta: θ</p> <p>λ - Lambda: λ</p> <p>μ - Mu: μ</p> <p>σ - Sigma: σ</p> </body> </html>
The output displays commonly used Greek letters −
Common Greek Letters in Mathematics ? - Alpha: ? ? - Beta: ? ? - Gamma: ? ? - Delta (uppercase): ? ? - Delta (lowercase): ? ? - Pi: ? ? - Theta: ? ? - Lambda: ? ? - Mu: ? ? - Sigma: ?
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