C# Int32 Struct

The Int32 struct in C# represents a 32-bit signed integer. It is an immutable value type that represents signed integers with values ranging from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. The int keyword in C# is an alias for Int32.

This struct provides various fields and methods for working with 32-bit integers, including comparison, parsing, and conversion operations.

Syntax

Following is the syntax for declaring an Int32 variable −

int variableName = value;
Int32 variableName = value;

Fields

The Int32 struct provides two important constant fields −

Example

using System;

class Program {
   public static void Main() {
      Console.WriteLine("Int32 MaxValue: " + Int32.MaxValue);
      Console.WriteLine("Int32 MinValue: " + Int32.MinValue);
      Console.WriteLine("Range: " + Int32.MinValue + " to " + Int32.MaxValue);
   }
}

The output of the above code is −

Int32 MaxValue: 2147483647
Int32 MinValue: -2147483648
Range: -2147483648 to 2147483647

Key Methods

Using CompareTo Method

The CompareTo method returns -1 if the current value is less than the compared value, 0 if equal, and 1 if greater −

using System;

class Program {
   public static void Main() {
      int num1 = 10;
      int num2 = 20;
      int num3 = 10;

      Console.WriteLine("num1.CompareTo(num2): " + num1.CompareTo(num2));
      Console.WriteLine("num2.CompareTo(num1): " + num2.CompareTo(num1));
      Console.WriteLine("num1.CompareTo(num3): " + num1.CompareTo(num3));
   }
}

The output of the above code is −

num1.CompareTo(num2): -1
num2.CompareTo(num1): 1
num1.CompareTo(num3): 0

Using Parse and TryParse Methods

The Parse method converts a string to an integer, while TryParse provides safe parsing without exceptions −

using System;

class Program {
   public static void Main() {
      string str1 = "123";
      string str2 = "invalid";

      // Using Parse method
      int parsed = Int32.Parse(str1);
      Console.WriteLine("Parsed value: " + parsed);

      // Using TryParse method
      int result;
      bool success1 = Int32.TryParse(str1, out result);
      Console.WriteLine("TryParse '" + str1 + "': " + success1 + ", Value: " + result);

      bool success2 = Int32.TryParse(str2, out result);
      Console.WriteLine("TryParse '" + str2 + "': " + success2 + ", Value: " + result);
   }
}

The output of the above code is −

Parsed value: 123
TryParse '123': True, Value: 123
TryParse 'invalid': False, Value: 0

Using Equals Method

The Equals method compares two Int32 values for equality −

using System;

class Program {
   public static void Main() {
      int num1 = 42;
      int num2 = 42;
      int num3 = 50;

      Console.WriteLine("num1.Equals(num2): " + num1.Equals(num2));
      Console.WriteLine("num1.Equals(num3): " + num1.Equals(num3));
      Console.WriteLine("num1 == num2: " + (num1 == num2));
   }
}

The output of the above code is −

num1.Equals(num2): True
num1.Equals(num3): False
num1 == num2: True

Conclusion

The Int32 struct in C# provides a comprehensive set of methods and fields for working with 32-bit signed integers. It offers safe parsing with TryParse, comparison operations with CompareTo, and constant fields MaxValue and MinValue for boundary checking in applications.