{"id":17461,"date":"2022-08-03T10:37:12","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T02:37:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/?p=17461"},"modified":"2022-08-03T10:38:39","modified_gmt":"2022-08-03T02:38:39","slug":"linux-kernel-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/linux-kernel-work.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5256\u6790 Linux \u5185\u6838\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux \u5185\u6838\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u5ea7\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u901a\u4fe1\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002Linus Torvalds \u4f7f\u7528 C \u548c Assembly \u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 Linux \u5185\u6838\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u529f\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u548c\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u8868\u3001\u624b\u673a\u3001\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u7b49\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u770b\u5230 Linux \u5185\u6838\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8fc7 Linux \u5185\u6838\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"hardware-usage-on-linux\">Linux \u4e0b\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h2>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u60a8\u6253\u5f00\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u786c\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u4f55\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u9ad8\u7aef\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a7\u4ef6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u4e3b\u677f\u63d2\u69fd\u4e2d\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u4e0e\u670b\u53cb\u8fdb\u884c\u89c6\u9891\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u4f7f\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u7f51\u7edc\u6444\u50cf\u5934\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u54c1\u724c\u548c\u578b\u53f7\u5982\u4f55\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u5b58\u5728\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002Linux \u5185\u6838\u5c06\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u786c\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\/proc<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\/sys<\/strong>\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u51fa\u6709\u5173\u5b83\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u5361\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>lspci<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e PCI \u8bbe\u5907<\/li>\n<li><strong>lsusb<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e USB \u8bbe\u5907<\/li>\n<li><strong>lspcmcia<\/strong>\u00a0: \u7528\u4e8e PCMCIA \u5361<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"body-img landscape\"><\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17463\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/lspci.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1038\" height=\"745\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u60a8\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5728 VMware \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u60a8\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 VGA\u3001USB \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u6865\u63a5\u5668\u548c SATA \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<strong>-v<\/strong>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17464\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/lspci-v.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1038\" height=\"745\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728 Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\/dev<\/strong>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee3\u8868\u78c1\u76d8\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<strong>\/dev\/hda<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\/dev\/sdc<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\/dev\/sdc3<\/strong>\u3001\/\u00a0<strong>dev\/input\/mouse0<\/strong>\u548c<strong>dev\/snd\/*<\/strong>\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad-odd\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17465\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dev.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1038\" height=\"745\" \/><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"linux-file-system-management\">Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u5230\u8fbe\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u662f\u6839\u76ee\u5f55 (\u00a0<strong>\/<\/strong>\u00a0)\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<strong>\/<\/strong>\u4e0b\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u662f<strong>\/home<\/strong>\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8be5\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u6709\u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5728\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<strong>helloworld.txt<\/strong>\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\/home\/linuxmi\/Desktop\/helloworld.txt<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc<strong>\/linuxmi <\/strong>\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u6210\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u6839\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u78c1\u76d8\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u78c1\u76d8\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u70b9\u4e0b\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5c06<strong>\/home<\/strong>\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u786c\u76d8\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u5c06\u78c1\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u5230<strong>\/home<\/strong>\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6b63\u5e38\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<strong>\/home\/linuxmi\/Desktop\/helloworld.txt<\/strong>\u7b49\u8def\u5f84\u7ee7\u7eed\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528findmnt -A<\/strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17466\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/findmnt-A.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1038\" height=\"745\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002Linux \u4e0a\u6700\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u662f<strong>ext2<\/strong>\u3001<strong>ext3<\/strong>\u548c<strong>ext4<\/strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<strong>mkfs.ext3<\/strong>\uff08mkfs \u4ee3\u8868 make file system\uff0c\u800c ext3 \u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u63a5\u53d7\u60a8\u8981\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7834\u574f\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u60f3\u64e6\u9664\u6216\u91cd\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u8c28\u614e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709Linux \u5185\u6838\u4f7f\u7528\u7684NFS \u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002NFS \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 NFS\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7ecf\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5f80\u5e38\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 Linux \u5206\u5c42\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5173<\/strong>\uff1aLinux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u89e3\u91ca <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/linux-directory-structure.html\">https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/linux-directory-structure.html<\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"shared-function-operations\">\u5171\u4eab\u529f\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6253\u5f00\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u4e4b\u95f4\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u4fe1\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4f55\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5171\u4eab\u901a\u4fe1\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u63aa\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u751a\u81f3\u56fa\u5b9a\u7535\u8bdd\u7ebf\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-management-in-linux\">Linux \u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5b9e\u4f8b\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.makeuseof.com\/memory-allocation-linux\/\">\u5185\u6838<\/a>\u4e3a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/htop.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1038\" height=\"745\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux 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