{"id":17426,"date":"2022-07-31T08:25:49","date_gmt":"2022-07-31T00:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/?p=17426"},"modified":"2022-07-30T19:24:44","modified_gmt":"2022-07-30T11:24:44","slug":"linux-novice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/linux-novice.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u65b0\u624b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 10 \u4e2a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8bef\u533a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6700\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u60a8\u5bf9 Linux \u7684\u521d\u6b65\u5370\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5207\u6362\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u754c\u9762\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u6216 GUI \u7684 Windows \u548c macOS \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cLinux \u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b0\u7684 Linux \u7528\u6237\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5e76\u72af\u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u60a8\u7684\u65b0 Linux \u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a Linux \u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u4ee5\u4e0b 10 \u4e2a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8bef\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"avoiding-the-use-of-terminal\">\u9519\u8bef1\u3001\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16769\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/linux-command-line-important-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7ec8\u7aef\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3 Linux \u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 Windows \u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 GUI \u6267\u884c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u6700\u597d\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e GUI \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7ec8\u7aef\u5f88\u96be\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u76f8\u5f53\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u754c\u9762\u800c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6cae\u4e27\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5e76\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u6bd4\u57fa\u4e8e GUI \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u60a8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"avoiding-the-use-of-terminal\">\u9519\u8bef2\u3001\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c EXE \u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17429\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/2022-07-30_190510.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"962\" height=\"726\" \/><\/p>\n<p>EXE \u662f Windows \u548c MS-DOS \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u574f\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4ece Internet \u4e0b\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u68c0\u67e5\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f Ubuntu \u7684 DEB \u6216 Fedora \u7684 RPM\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u6267\u884c EXE \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u60a8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"using-root-too-often\">\u9519\u8bef3\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 Root<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17430\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/root-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"927\" height=\"744\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u85cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5bf9 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7ea7\u522b\u8bbf\u95ee\u79f0\u4e3a root\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5173\u673a\u548c\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 root \u6743\u9650\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528 sudo (superuser do)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 root\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u635f\u574f\u60a8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a root \u6388\u4e88\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u654f\u611f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4ec5\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 root\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"choosing-the-wrong-distro\">\u9519\u8bef4\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u6709\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u662f Linux \u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6700\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17244\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/debian-gnu-linux-11-4-bullseye-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u603b\u662f\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u627e\u5230\u6700\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u6e05\u695a\u4f60\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u504f\u597d\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"looking-for-installation-files-instead-of-repositories\">\u9519\u8bef5\u3001\u5bfb\u627e\u5b89\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7915\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Sublime-Text-4-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1572\" height=\"706\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a EXE \u6587\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u9075\u5faa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230 Linux \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u60a8\u4e0d\u5fc5\u624b\u52a8\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/linux-flatpak.html\">Snap \u548c Flatpak \u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"using-wine-instead-of-trying-app-alternatives\">\u9519\u8bef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 Wine \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16035\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/wine7.8-7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4ece Windows \u5207\u6362\u5230 Linux\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u4e60\u60ef\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Wine \u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c Windows \u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u9002\u5e94 Linux\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fc7\u591a\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56 Wine \u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728 Wine \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u592a\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u884c\u7684 Windows \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d39\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f9d\u8d56 Wine \u8fd0\u884c Windows \u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u5b8c\u5168\u6c89\u6d78\u5728 Linux \u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"being-too-carefree-about-security\">\u9519\u8bef7\u3001\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-17397\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ClamTk.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230 Linux \u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u5bf9\u9690\u79c1\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u4f7f\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6587\u4ef6\u96be\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6bd4Windows\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51ed\u501f\u8fd9\u79cd\u58f0\u8a89\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8db3\u591f\u5b89\u5168\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5a01\u80c1\u548c\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5207\u6362\u5230 Linux 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src=\"https:\/\/www.linuxmi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/apt.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"927\" height=\"276\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux 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