SQLite MIN

Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use SQLite MIN function to get the minimum value in a set of values.

Introduction to SQLite MIN function

The following illustrates the syntax of the SQLite MIN function:

MIN([ALL|DISTINCT] expression);

The MIN function uses ALL by default. Similar to the MAX function, the MIN function ignores NULL values. Therefore, it returns the non-NULL minimum value in a set of values.

The expression can be a column or an expression that consists of columns and operators.

Note that the DISTINCT is not relevant to the MIN function.

If you use the SELECT statement with ORDER BY and WHERE clauses, the first minimum non-null value appears at the first row of the result set.

SELECT
	column
FROM
	table
WHERE
	column IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY
	column DESC;

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When does the MIN function return a NULL value? We’re glad that you asked.

The MIN function returns a NULL value if and only if there are only NULL values in the set.

SQLite MIN function examples

We will use the tracks table in the sample database for demonstrating the MIN function.

To get the shortest track, you use the MIN function as follows:

SELECT
	min(Milliseconds)
FROM
	tracks;

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SQLite MIN function in a subquery

To get the complete shortest track information, you need to use a subquery.

The outer query gets the complete information from the tracks table based on the milliseconds returned by the subquery that uses the MIN function.

See the following query.

SELECT
	trackid,
	name,
	milliseconds
FROM
	tracks
WHERE
	milliseconds = (
		SELECT
			min(Milliseconds)
		FROM
			tracks
	);

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SQLite MIN function with the GROUP BY clause example

You can find the shortest track per album using the MIN function with GROUP BY clause. The GROUP BY clause groups a set of rows into groups. The MIN function finds the minimum value for each group.

The following statement illustrates the idea:

SELECT
	albumid,
	min(milliseconds)
FROM
	tracks
GROUP BY
	albumid;

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SQLite MIN function with the HAVING clause example

You can use the HAVING clause to filter groups. For example, when combining with the MIN function, you can find the albums and their shortest tracks where the length of each shortest track is less than 10 seconds.

SELECT
	albumid,
	min(milliseconds)
FROM
	tracks
GROUP BY
	albumid
HAVING
	MIN(milliseconds) < 10000;

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In this tutorial, you have learned how to use the SQLite MIN function to find the minimum value in a set of values.