I have sort of elements with this pattern:
<div data-image="{imageurl}" ...></div>
I want to set this elements background-image to data-image. I test this CSS code:
div[data-image] {
border: 2px solid black;
background-image: attr(data-image url);
}
border show correctly but nothing happened for background How can do I fix this code only with css (not js or jq)?
a nice alternative to data- attributes (or the attr() approach in general) can be the use of custom properties (MDN, csswg, css-tricks).
as their values are not restricted to strings, we can pass around any type that is allowed as a custom property value!
also, you get the benefit of updating these properties at runtime, with a swap of a stylesheet.
.kitten {
width: 525px;
height: 252px;
background-image: var(--bg-image);
}<div class="kitten"
style="--bg-image: url('http://placekitten.com/525/252');">
</div>
style instead of data-*. Very clever solution.
As of writing, the browser support of attr() notation on CSS properties other than content - like background-image - is very limited.
Besides, as per CSS level 2 spec, combining url() and attr() is not valid:
content: url(attr(data-image));
Hence there is no cross-browser CSS solution at the moment to achieve the desired result. Unless using JavaScript is an option:
var list = document.querySelectorAll("div[data-image]");
for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
var url = list[i].getAttribute('data-image');
list[i].style.backgroundImage="url('" + url + "')";
}div[data-image] {
width: 100px; height: 100px; /* If needed */
border: 2px solid black;
}<div data-image="http://placehold.it/100"></div>
In your HTML:
<div data-image="path_to_image/image_file.extension" ... ></div>
In your CSS:
div:after {
background-image : attr(data-image url);
/* other CSS styling */
}
This is your required answer. Check this documentation in w3.org. But the main problem is it won't work, not yet!. In many browsers,
attr()runs successfully when it is used incontent:attribute of the CSS coding. But using it in other attributes of CSS, it doesn't work as expected, not even in major browsers.
Solution:
References:
Thanks:
url( attr(data-image) ) is definitely wrong. According to CSS Values and Units Module Level 3, url() notation only accepts bare/quoted <string> as URI. The OP has already used the valid syntax of attr(), but it is not implemented in browsers yet.
url( attr() )??attr(data-image url) which is stated by the spec. The new syntax of attr() is: attr( <attr-name> <type-or-unit>? [ , <fallback> ]? ) where optional <type-or-unit> specifies the type of the given <attr-name> and the <fallback> would be the default value if named attribute is missing.
= needs to be : in your CSS.If the goal is being able to set the background-image style of an HTML element from within the HTML document rather than the CSS definition, why not use the inline style attribute of the HTML element?
div[style^='background-image'] {
width:400px;
height:225px;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-size:contain;
background-position:center center;
/* background-image is not set here... */
}<!-- ... but here -->
<div style="background-image:url(http://img01.deviantart.net/5e4b/i/2015/112/c/5/mandelbrot_62____courage_to_leave___by_olbaid_st-d646sjv.jpg)"></div>EDIT:
If selecting the <div> by style is not an option, you may be able to give it a class and select it by class name.
