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Fluent Python: Clear, Concise, and Effective Programming 2nd Edition
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Don't waste time bending Python to fit patterns you've learned in other languages. Python's simplicity lets you become productive quickly, but often this means you aren't using everything the language has to offer. With the updated edition of this hands-on guide, you'll learn how to write effective, modern Python 3 code by leveraging its best ideas.
Discover and apply idiomatic Python 3 features beyond your past experience. Author Luciano Ramalho guides you through Python's core language features and libraries and teaches you how to make your code shorter, faster, and more readable.
Complete with major updates throughout, this new edition features five parts that work as five short books within the book:
- Data structures: Sequences, dicts, sets, Unicode, and data classes
- Functions as objects: First-class functions, related design patterns, and type hints in function declarations
- Object-oriented idioms: Composition, inheritance, mixins, interfaces, operator overloading, protocols, and more static types
- Control flow: Context managers, generators, coroutines, async/await, and thread/process pools
- Metaprogramming: Properties, attribute descriptors, class decorators, and new class metaprogramming hooks that replace or simplify metaclasses
- ISBN-101492056359
- ISBN-13978-1492056355
- Edition2nd
- PublisherO'Reilly Media
- Publication dateMay 10, 2022
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions7 x 2 x 9.25 inches
- Print length1012 pages
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Our customers are hungry to build the innovations that propel the world forward. And we help them do just that.
From the Publisher
From the Preface
“Python is an easy to learn, powerful programming language.” Those are the first words of the official Python 3.10 tutorial. That is true, but there is a catch: because the language is easy to learn and put to use, many practicing Python programmers leverage only a fraction of its powerful features.
An experienced programmer may start writing useful Python code in a matter of hours. As the first productive hours become weeks and months, a lot of developers go on writing Python code with a very strong accent carried from languages learned before. Even if Python is your first language, often in academia and in introductory books it is presented while carefully avoiding language-specific features.
As a teacher introducing Python to programmers experienced in other languages, I see another problem that this book tries to address: we only miss stuff we know about. Coming from another language, anyone may guess that Python supports regular expressions, and look that up in the docs. But if you’ve never seen tuple unpacking or descriptors before, you will probably not search for them, and you may end up not using those features just because they are specific to Python.
This book is not an A-to-Z exhaustive reference of Python. Its emphasis is on the language features that are either unique to Python or not found in many other popular languages. This is also mostly a book about the core language and some of its libraries. I will rarely talk about packages that are not in the standard library, even though the Python package index now lists more than 60,000 libraries, and many of them are incredibly useful.
Who This Book Is For
This book was written for practicing Python programmers who want to become proficient in Python 3. I tested the examples in Python 3.10—most of them also in Python 3.9 and 3.8. When an example requires Python 3.10, it should be clearly marked.
If you are not sure whether you know enough Python to follow along, review the topics of the official Python tutorial. Topics covered in the tutorial will not be explained here, except for some features that are new.
Who This Book Is Not For
If you are just learning Python, this book is going to be hard to follow. Not only that, if you read it too early in your Python journey, it may give you the impression that every Python script should leverage special methods and metaprogramming tricks. Premature abstraction is as bad as premature optimization.
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Product details
- Publisher : O'Reilly Media
- Publication date : May 10, 2022
- Edition : 2nd
- Language : English
- Print length : 1012 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1492056359
- ISBN-13 : 978-1492056355
- Item Weight : 2.31 pounds
- Dimensions : 7 x 2 x 9.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #22,623 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #2 in Object-Oriented Design
- #14 in Python Programming
- #15 in Software Development (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Luciano Ramalho was a Web developer before the Netscape IPO in 1995, and switched from Perl to Python in 1998. He has presented talks at PyCon US, OSCON, QCon, PythonBrasil, PyCon DE etc. Ramalho is a fellow of the Python Software Foundation and co-founder of Garoa Hacker Clube, the first hackerspace in Brazil. He is a Principal Consultant at Thoughtworks.
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Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on December 19, 2025Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseGreat book! It explains the parts of python you might not learn any where else. A must have for python enthusiasts.
- Reviewed in the United States on December 19, 2023Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseThis is an excellent book for learning how to use the Python language proficiently. It is written for experienced developers, especially those who are experts in another language, but want to use Python effectively and elegantly.
Chapter 1 explains the Python object model. It is very eye-opening, and is foundational to the goal of the book--teaching you how to write fluent Python code. The author advises that everyone should read chapter 1, then pick and choose topics of interest from the rest of the book. The topics covered in the next 23 chapters are too numerous to list here, but you are sure to find what you are looking for, unless you are looking for GUI programming, which isn't very elegant, no matter what. But I digress.
This book is hefty, 980 pages long. It is packed with good information, no fluff. Example scripts are stripped down to illustrate precisely the concept being taught. You can run the examples if you want to, but you don't have to in order to learn what is being taught. The text is very well written. I highly recommend this book.
- Reviewed in the United States on March 23, 2024Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseFirst of all, let me just say that this isn't a book at all, it is some tome some wise ancient scribe wrote. I have been working in Technology for over 20 years now and I have been interested in it for probably another 20 years before that. In that time I have read many programming books, constantly looking for more advanced topics. I would read and be very disappointed, they were mostly always filled with fluff. I recently decided to finally give Python a try. I am at a point where I am doing more advanced projects and wanted a book to do just that. When I go to Stack Overflow or other sites like that for information. I want to be able to really understand the why behind some of the explanations. I don't want just to copy and paste. The book Python Crash Course helped get the basics down, this book has helped with the more advanced structure.
There are two sections that have helped me the most: Functions as objects and Object-oriented idioms. I was going through many videos, Google searches, and some books to get a deeper understanding of this. this book is helping me to do just that. There is a lot of information in this book. Also, the index is decent. Many technology books lack in having a good one.
- Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2024Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseThis book is huge in every way. It's literally 2 inches thick, making it not the most comfortable 'lap' read especially for a paperback. The amount of glue in the spine doesn't look like this book is going to last years without breaking, but time will tell.
Perhaps not the most accessible for a newcomer to python, but for a more experienced user, from what I've read so far this is pretty definitive for up to Python 3.10.
Without hesitation, if there's ever a third edition, I'd buy it. If it gets much bigger though, it's going to need to split into multiple volumes. (Arguably the 2nd ed. should have been)
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Reviewed in the United States on January 15, 2026Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseExcelente, vino en muy buenas condiciones , muy satisfecho con la compra
- Reviewed in the United States on January 2, 2025Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseRight, you better know Python already, this should not be your first entry into Python. Well written aspects of true-pythonistic styles, you need this once you _think_ you are good and comfortable with the language. Browse through a chapter at the time and you are guaranteed to pick up something about Python you didn't know or were doing wrong.
But why not produce this in two smaller books, easier to handle? I had an earlier version which was thick enough, this one is enormous and I do not enjoy handling it.
- Reviewed in the United States on December 25, 2025Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseGreat book for those that are getting started on Data Engineering.
- Reviewed in the United States on August 3, 2024Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseI am keeping this on my bookshelf as i gain experience in python programming. A quick glance through the book shows a great way to advance in your programming skills once you have an understanding of the basics.
I am a beginner at programming and will value the data in this book.
Top reviews from other countries
Ashfak TMReviewed in India on June 13, 20225.0 out of 5 stars One of best python book.
Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseWell structured book. Concepts are explained very clearly.
Well structured book. Concepts are explained very clearly.5.0 out of 5 stars
Ashfak TMOne of best python book.
Reviewed in India on June 13, 2022
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AthlosReviewed in Japan on April 8, 20255.0 out of 5 stars Best book on Python
Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseGreat content
XavReviewed in France on November 3, 20245.0 out of 5 stars Excellent
Format: KindleVerified PurchaseI really liked it. It was an excellent read
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Leonardo S.Reviewed in Brazil on November 20, 20235.0 out of 5 stars Excelente livro, mas não é para iniciantes.
Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseO livro é excelente e aprofunda vários (todos?) aspectos da linguagem. Não é um livro para iniciantes — se você for um, não compre esse livro agora —, mas para aqueles que já possuem no mínimo conhecimento intermediário de Python (o próprio autor menciona isso), visto que ele fornece um "algo a mais" àquilo que você sabe/acha que sabe. Acredito que seja o livro definitivo para programadores Python.
Ayoub HaidaReviewed in Sweden on January 3, 20251.0 out of 5 stars Bad experience
Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseThe book was ruined, I don't know if it's the shipping service, or something else, plus I thought it's colored not a 700sek for a BW version, trash
The book was ruined, I don't know if it's the shipping service, or something else, plus I thought it's colored not a 700sek for a BW version, trash1.0 out of 5 stars
Ayoub HaidaBad experience
Reviewed in Sweden on January 3, 2025
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