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#289 | ResearchBox

ResearchBox #289 - 'The Surprise of Reaching Out Appreciation'


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BOX INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY FILES FOR
Liu PJ, Rim S, Min L, Min KE. (2023) 'The surprise of reaching out: Appreciated more than we think'. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. V124(4):754-771.
doi: 10.1037/pspi0000402

CITING THIS RESEARCHBOX
Min, L., Min, K., Liu, P., & Rim, S. (2025). ResearchBox 289, 'The Surprise of Reaching Out Appreciation', https://ResearchBox.org/289. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15032775

LICENSE FOR USE
All content posted to ResearchBox is under a CC By 4.0 License (all use is allowed as long as authorship of the content is attributed). When using content from ResearchBox please cite the original work, and provide a link to the URL for this box (https://researchbox.org/289).

BOX PUBLIC SINCE
May 19, 2022   

BOX CREATORS
Lauren Min (lauren.min@ku.edu)
Kate Min (kate.min@wheaton.edu)
Peggy Liu (peggy.liu@pitt.edu)
SoYon Rim (RIMS@wpunj.edu)

ABSTRACT
People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy connecting with others, sometimes reaching out to others—whether simply to say hello and to check in on how others are doing with a brief message, or to send a small gift to show that one is thinking of the other person. Yet despite the importance and enjoyment of social connection, do people accurately understand how much other people value being reached out to by someone in their social circle? Across a series of pre-registered experiments, we document a robust underestimation of how much other people appreciate being reached out to. We find evidence compatible with an account wherein one reason this underestimation of appreciation occurs is because responders (vs. initiators) are more focused on their feelings of surprise at being reached out to; such a focus on feelings of surprise in turn predicts greater appreciation. We further identify process-consistent moderators of the underestimation of reach-out appreciation, finding that it is magnified when the reach-out context is more surprising: when it occurs within a surprising (vs. unsurprising) context for the recipient and when it occurs between more socially distant (vs. socially close) others. Altogether, this research thus identifies when and why we underestimate how much other people appreciate us reaching out to them, implicating a heightened focus on feelings of surprise as one underlying explanation.