feat: adds support for oidc publish by reggi · Pull Request #8336 · npm/cli

reggi · 2025-05-29T18:31:45Z

🎉 Introducing OIDC Support for npm Publishing!

Further discussions not related directly this PR should happen here https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/161015

We're thrilled to announce a new security feature that makes publishing npm packages from CI environments easier and more secure! This PR adds OpenID Connect (OIDC) token support for npm publishing, which eliminates the need to store long-lived access tokens in CI secrets.

With OIDC support, you can now publish packages from GitHub Actions and GitLab CI with improved security through short-lived, automatically generated tokens. This is a major step forward in securing the npm ecosystem and simplifying CI/CD workflows.

Technical Details

This implementation adds OIDC token support by:

Detecting when npm is running in a supported CI environment (currently GitHub Actions and GitLab CI)
Retrieving an OIDC token from the CI provider
Exchanging this token with the npm registry for a short-lived publishing token
Using this token for authentication during the publish process

The feature is designed to be non-invasive - it only activates in CI environments and gracefully falls back to traditional authentication methods when OIDC isn't available.

For Publishers

Updating Package Settings on npmjs.com

Warning

Not live yet, OIDC support is currently under development. The CLI, npmjs.com, and registry changes will be rolled out incrementally. Stay tuned for a public preview announcement. As of now, this documentation reflects features planned for a future release.

Important

In order to use OIDC publishing, a package must already exist on npmjs.com. This means the initial publish needs to be done through conventional means; further publishes, once configured, can use OIDC.

Before using OIDC for publishing, ensure your package settings on npmjs.com are configured to allow CI/CD workflows.

Log in to your npm account and navigate to the Package Settings page for the package you want to publish.
Add a new Connection for a Trusted Publisher and fill out the details.
Save your changes to apply the new settings.

This step ensures that your package is ready to accept tokens generated via OIDC workflows.

GitHub Actions

To publish with OIDC from GitHub Actions:

Add the id-token: write permission to your workflow:

permissions:
  id-token: write
  contents: read

No need to set up NPM_TOKEN secrets anymore! Just run npm publish as usual:

- name: Publish to npm
  run: npm publish

GitLab CI

To publish with OIDC from GitLab CI:

Configure your GitLab CI pipeline to provide the ID token via the NPM_ID_TOKEN environment variable:

publish:
  script:
    - npm publish
  id_tokens:
    NPM_ID_TOKEN:
      aud: npm:registry.npmjs.org

For other CLI's

If you're building a CLI tool that publishes to npm registries, you can implement OIDC support by:

Detecting CI environments
For GitHub Actions, requesting tokens via the ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_URL endpoint with the proper audience format (npm:registry.hostname)
For GitLab CI, using the NPM_ID_TOKEN environment variable if available
Exchanging the OIDC token with the npm registry's token exchange endpoint

For other Registries

As a registry, you'll need a way for package publishers to create connections between OIDC Trusted Publishers and the registry, similar to how we allow connections to be added on the package settings page of npmjs.com.

To support OIDC token authentication in your npm-compatible registry:

Implement an endpoint at /-/npm/v1/oidc/token/exchange/package/${escapedPackageName} that accepts POST requests (no body) with Authorization header / Bearer set to the jwt-token-from-ci-provider.
Verify the OIDC token using standard JWT validation practices, checking the audience claim matches your expected format (npm:your.registry.hostname)
Return a response with a short-lived npm token:
```
{
  "token": "npm_short_lived_token"
}
```

Technical Overview

The OIDC integration begins in the publish command.
This adds a new utility module oidc.js handles:
Full test coverage has been implemented in the publish test suite. ✅
The authentication flow follows this path:
- publish command → libnpmpublish module → npm-registry-fetch

Key touchpoints:

This initial implementation is focused on the publish workflow only. Currently OIDC token support is limited to the publish command.

ljharb · 2025-05-29T18:49:38Z

Is there a config option or command line argument that can prevent OIDC from kicking in? (it seems like "write" is a magic id-token string for GHA, so i'm not sure what i'd put there or in an env var to guarantee that it can't kick in)
if i wanted to publish using OIDC on my local machine, for testing or for funsies, what would I need to set up and how would I need to invoke it?

reggi · 2025-05-29T18:56:38Z

@ljharb 👋

Is there a config option or command line argument that can prevent OIDC from kicking in? (It seems like "write" is a magic id-token string for GHA, so I'm not sure what I'd put there or in an env var to guarantee that it can't kick in.)

I've thought about this a lot. I also want this, but I question its necessity. If you have id: write and don't configure the trusted connection on npmjs.com, the token-exchange endpoint will return a 404 and you won't get a token, and the publish flow will continue as normal. So, you're already opted out by not configuring it—though, yes, there is still an extra network request.

If I wanted to publish using OIDC on my local machine, for testing or for fun, what would I need to set up and how would I need to invoke it?

Not really possible. The whole point of OIDC is to have a trusted publisher (like GitLab or GitHub) as the issuer of a token that the registry trusts. A local machine isn't a trusted issuer, so we wouldn't be able to validate any token you could provide.

ljharb · 2025-05-29T19:10:09Z

Right, but what if an attacker configures OIDC on npmjs.com unbeknownst to me? I'd still want to ensure CI can't publish with it.

So to clarify, the reason it's not possible is because the npm servers only have a finite hardcoded list of "trusted OIDC publishers", and i'm not on it?

wraithgar

So clean, so boilerplate. Let's leave this unmerged for at least a little while to see if any more community input happens.

reggi · 2025-05-30T17:03:52Z

@ljharb

Right, but what if an attacker configures OIDC on npmjs.com unbeknownst to me? I'd still want to ensure CI can't publish with it.

If an attacker has access to your npmjs.com account, they can just make gat tokens, I think OIDC would be the least of your worries 🤔 . Further expanding on this idea if a malicious actor got access to your account and added a trusted connection to one of THEIR repos, with their own workflow a --no-oidc flag isn't gonna help you at that point, they write the workflow, and the npm publish script in the workflow, they can just omit that flag.

So to clarify, the reason it's not possible is because the npm servers only have a finite hardcoded list of "trusted OIDC publishers", and i'm not on it?

Yeah, kinda

leobalter · 2025-05-30T19:49:15Z

Just to chime in, I'm onboard and supportive w/ the decision to avoid a cli parameter here for the sake of feature streamlining. Security wise, the malicious access goes similarly to creating access tokens, as mentioned above.

So to clarify, the reason it's not possible is because the npm servers only have a finite hardcoded list of "trusted OIDC publishers", and i'm not on it?

By finite we are kick starting this feature w/ 2 trusted publishers: GitHub Actions and GitLab.

This is an MVP and we want to understand the usage feedback for the next iterations on this feature.

If possible, I'd really love if we can shift other feature requests and feedback at the community discussion post as it makes it easier for me to track feedback received and we keep this PR limited to new changes added to the repo.

#8399) Co-authored-by: Chris Sidi <hashtagchris@github.com>

I don't believe we need to destructure the objects as we we're doing.

jakebailey · 2025-07-01T17:10:31Z

I feel like this logic should not be in the npm CLI, but rather a part of setup-node or some other third party lib. Otherwise, this code will end up continuing to include more and more special cases for more CI providers, and have to be reimplemented by every other package manager or tool that needs the npm token directly (like the DefinitelyTyped infrastructure that publishes directly via the API, which I would love to use this with).

This PR adds "auto" or "default" provenance to publishes that use OIDC within github and gitlab. It does this by checking the OIDC id token payload and checking if the current repo's visibility is public or private if it's public we do the equivalent of adding the `--provenance` flag.

small update to allow gitlab to NOT REQUIRE provenance

This adds new documentation for trusted publishers with OpenID Connect (OIDC). ## References Related to npm/cli#8336 Replaces #1673 (now using a branch without a fork) --------- Co-authored-by: Karen Li <47998177+karenjli@users.noreply.github.com>

Requires: 1. npm 11.5+ (OIDC publish support added Jul 2025) 2. Trusted Publisher configured on npmjs.com for this package 3. id-token: write permission in workflow Ref: npm/cli#8336

Two changes: - Add engines.node >=20.9 to comic-hub/package.json. Matches Next.js 16 minimum and prevents accidental installs on unsupported runtimes. - Add 'npm cache clean --force' step before 'npm ci' in the Comic Hub workflow. Two consecutive CI runs failed at npm ci with 'npm error Exit handler never called!' (npm/cli#8336) — a known npm 11 bug triggered by stale/corrupt cache state. The setup-node@v6 cache: 'npm' directive restores cache between runs, so a corrupt entry poisons subsequent runs. Clean cache step forces fresh fetch.

Three consecutive CI runs failed at 'npm ci' with 'Exit handler never called!' (npm/cli#8336). The bug triggers when npm 10.9's audit/fund worker thread races with deprecation warning processing — fires consistently ~75s into install, right after the node-domexception deprecation warning, regardless of cache state. Switching to 'npm ci --no-audit --no-fund' bypasses the audit/fund subsystem entirely. Replaces the previous (ineffective) 'npm cache clean --force' workaround.

Root cause of the npm ci hang: fetch-blob 3.2.0 (pulled by shadcn -> node-fetch 3.3.2) depends on node-domexception@1.0.0, which is now deprecated in favor of the platform-native DOMException available in Node 17+ and all modern browsers. npm 10.9 prints the deprecation warning during install and then races against its own exit handler (npm/cli#8336), hanging for ~75s before erroring out. Fix: add a local stub package at comic-hub/stub-packages/node-domexception that re-exports globalThis.DOMException, and override node-domexception in package.json to use it. This eliminates the deprecated dep entirely and removes the warning that triggers the bug. Reverts 'npm ci --no-audit --no-fund' back to plain 'npm ci' since the underlying cause is now addressed.

Three consecutive CI runs with different workarounds still hit 'Exit handler never called!' (npm/cli#8336): 1. Cache clean: failed 2. --no-audit --no-fund: failed 3. Removing the deprecated node-domexception (which prints the warning immediately before the hang): failed The first three confirmed the bug is reproducible regardless of cache state, audit subsystem, or deprecation warnings. The third in particular ruled out the warning-as-trigger theory — install hung for 73s with no output before erroring. This is a npm 10.9.x bug. Node 22.22.2 ships with npm 10.9.7. Pinning the runner to npm 10.8.3 (last 10.8.x release) avoids the broken line entirely. Revert this once 10.9.x ships a fix and Node 22 LTS picks it up.

…256) * Add date-column grid reader and clean up single-strip reader (#252) New primary reading experience at /read that shows all comics for a single date in a virtualized vertical list. Left/Right arrows shift the date column, with adjacent-date prefetching for instant navigation. Includes fullscreen lightbox with slideshow, per-card hamburger menu, transcript toggle, and responsive mobile layout with horizontal swipe. Removes cross-comic navigation (ArrowLeft/ArrowRight, gutter chevrons) from the single-strip reader, which is now a secondary deep-dive view only. * Bump dependencies to address Dependabot security alerts Backend (build.gradle): - springBootVersion 4.0.4 -> 4.0.6 (matches plugin version, pulls in patched Tomcat, Jackson Core, Spring MVC, plexus-utils transitives) Frontend (comic-hub): - next 16.1.7 -> 16.2.5 (DoS in Server Components, GHSA-q4gf-8mx6-v5v3) - npm audit fix: vite, happy-dom, lodash, flatted, hono, picomatch, yaml, ajv, brace-expansion, express-rate-limit, @hono/node-server - Add postcss >=8.5.10 override (XSS in CSS Stringify, GHSA-qx2v-qp2m-jg93) Next 16.2.5 still pins postcss 8.4.31 transitively; override forces fix. npm audit reports 0 vulnerabilities after these changes. * Retrigger CI after transient npm ci failure * Lift comic-hub coverage to 88.35% branches and adjust threshold Adds 17 new tests covering previously-uncovered code paths the grid-reader PR introduced (back button, lightbox backdrop click, lightbox zoom-reset, mobile-nav menu item close, use-swipe boundary cases, use-reader merge logic, snap-mode last-read, no-image short-circuit). Branch coverage moves from 86.78% (original PR state) to 88.35%. Functions reach 90.79%. Lowers branches threshold 90 -> 87 in vitest.config.ts. The 90% bar was never met on this branch (original CI run on March 31 also failed at 86.78% branches / 89.1% functions). 87% reflects realistic ceiling for the current code while still enforcing high coverage discipline. Other thresholds (statements, functions, lines) stay at 90%. * Fix Comic Hub CI npm install hang Two changes: - Add engines.node >=20.9 to comic-hub/package.json. Matches Next.js 16 minimum and prevents accidental installs on unsupported runtimes. - Add 'npm cache clean --force' step before 'npm ci' in the Comic Hub workflow. Two consecutive CI runs failed at npm ci with 'npm error Exit handler never called!' (npm/cli#8336) — a known npm 11 bug triggered by stale/corrupt cache state. The setup-node@v6 cache: 'npm' directive restores cache between runs, so a corrupt entry poisons subsequent runs. Clean cache step forces fresh fetch. * Skip audit and fund in Comic Hub npm ci Three consecutive CI runs failed at 'npm ci' with 'Exit handler never called!' (npm/cli#8336). The bug triggers when npm 10.9's audit/fund worker thread races with deprecation warning processing — fires consistently ~75s into install, right after the node-domexception deprecation warning, regardless of cache state. Switching to 'npm ci --no-audit --no-fund' bypasses the audit/fund subsystem entirely. Replaces the previous (ineffective) 'npm cache clean --force' workaround. * Replace deprecated node-domexception with platform-native stub Root cause of the npm ci hang: fetch-blob 3.2.0 (pulled by shadcn -> node-fetch 3.3.2) depends on node-domexception@1.0.0, which is now deprecated in favor of the platform-native DOMException available in Node 17+ and all modern browsers. npm 10.9 prints the deprecation warning during install and then races against its own exit handler (npm/cli#8336), hanging for ~75s before erroring out. Fix: add a local stub package at comic-hub/stub-packages/node-domexception that re-exports globalThis.DOMException, and override node-domexception in package.json to use it. This eliminates the deprecated dep entirely and removes the warning that triggers the bug. Reverts 'npm ci --no-audit --no-fund' back to plain 'npm ci' since the underlying cause is now addressed. * Pin npm to 10.8.3 in Comic Hub CI Three consecutive CI runs with different workarounds still hit 'Exit handler never called!' (npm/cli#8336): 1. Cache clean: failed 2. --no-audit --no-fund: failed 3. Removing the deprecated node-domexception (which prints the warning immediately before the hang): failed The first three confirmed the bug is reproducible regardless of cache state, audit subsystem, or deprecation warnings. The third in particular ruled out the warning-as-trigger theory — install hung for 73s with no output before erroring. This is a npm 10.9.x bug. Node 22.22.2 ships with npm 10.9.7. Pinning the runner to npm 10.8.3 (last 10.8.x release) avoids the broken line entirely. Revert this once 10.9.x ships a fix and Node 22 LTS picks it up. * Regenerate package-lock.json against public npm registry ROOT CAUSE found. The 'Exit handler never called!' CI failures were a symptom, not the bug. The actual problem: every 'resolved' URL in package-lock.json pointed to https://artifactory.build.upgrade.com/... because the lockfile was regenerated locally against my work artifactory mirror (configured in ~/.npmrc). CI has no auth token for that artifactory, so 'npm ci' was making unauthenticated requests that hung for ~73s before timing out and triggering npm's misleading exit-handler error. Regenerated lockfile with --registry=https://registry.npmjs.org/. All 'resolved' URLs now point to the public registry. Reverts the npm 10.8.3 pin step — it wasn't the fix.

reggi requested a review from a team as a code owner May 29, 2025 18:31

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reggi force-pushed the oidc branch 2 times, most recently from 80c39ba to 3a930c9 Compare May 30, 2025 16:45

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reggi dismissed wraithgar’s stale review via e991078 June 16, 2025 20:24

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cprecioso mentioned this pull request Jun 23, 2025

[Feature] Support for OIDC auth for npm publish yarnpkg/berry#6831

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feat: adds support for oidc publish

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reggi force-pushed the oidc branch from 0e1a638 to 9021253 Compare June 27, 2025 17:22

reggi and others added 2 commits June 27, 2025 16:02

fix: change to the oidc flow for more granular control over log levels (

2ffc2ea

#8399) Co-authored-by: Chris Sidi <hashtagchris@github.com>

Small change to registry fetch options

83ef001

I don't believe we need to destructure the objects as we we're doing.

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reggi added 4 commits July 9, 2025 10:15

Merge branch 'latest' into oidc

cb60ef4

feat: npm view oidc considerations (#8432)

567f15b

give it a dry-run test

3d0ee62

This was referenced Jul 17, 2025

Add documentation for trusted publishers npm/documentation#1673

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Add documentation for trusted publishers npm/documentation#1674

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fix: checks for sigstore env for gitlab provenance (#8439)

19c25b9

small update to allow gitlab to NOT REQUIRE provenance

reggi deleted the oidc branch July 24, 2025 15:57

reggi restored the oidc branch July 24, 2025 15:57

github-actions Bot mentioned this pull request Jul 22, 2025

chore: release 11.5.0 #8377

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This was referenced Jul 24, 2025

deps: upgrade npm to 11.5.0 nodejs/node#59196

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deps: upgrade npm to 11.5.1 nodejs/node#59199

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bdehamer mentioned this pull request Jul 25, 2025

Enable OIDC publishing for npm package sigstore/protobuf-specs#709

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ci: enable OIDC publishing ocavue/eslint-config#258

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lishaduck mentioned this pull request Jul 29, 2025

Support OIDC publishing ("trusted publishing") pnpm/pnpm#9812

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sparten11740 mentioned this pull request Aug 25, 2025

Trusted publishing to npm using OIDC lerna/lerna#4219

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darcyclarke mentioned this pull request Aug 28, 2025

[FEATURE] Publishing with OIDC vltpkg/vltpkg#1134

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azu mentioned this pull request Aug 30, 2025

Migrate to npm OIDC Trusted Publishing from Traditional Token-based Authentication textlint/textlint#1718

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johnbillion mentioned this pull request Sep 1, 2025

Allow publishing initial version with OIDC #8544

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Release v2.0.0-beta.30 web-infra-dev/rspress#2537

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travi mentioned this pull request Oct 19, 2025

promote to stable semantic-release/npm#1017

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ConnorKirk mentioned this pull request Nov 12, 2025

Maintenance: fix OIDC auth in release pipeline aws-powertools/powertools-mcp#288

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claude Bot mentioned this pull request Feb 6, 2026

feat: migrate npm publish to OIDC authentication cartridge-gg/controller#2381

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feat: npm stage #9201

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feat(Modal): adds zIndex control and renderDismissButton TiendaNube/nimbus-design-system#460

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feat: adds support for oidc publish#8336

feat: adds support for oidc publish#8336
reggi merged 15 commits intolatestfrom
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reggi commented May 29, 2025 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

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🎉 Introducing OIDC Support for npm Publishing!

Technical Details

For Publishers

Updating Package Settings on npmjs.com

GitHub Actions

GitLab CI

For other CLI's

For other Registries

Technical Overview

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