Backport of #108314 to release/9.0

/cc @tannergooding @kasperk81

Customer Impact

• Customer reported
• Found internally

#108267 - Manually creating a GUID where the version is 8 higher will result in an incorrect value being returned.

Regression

• Yes
• No

No, this is a net new API in .NET 9

Testing

Explicit validation tests were added. The issue is due to the implicit sign extension that exists. That is, because the underlying field is short and because C# doesn't operate directly on "small" integer types in many scenarios, it implicitly sign extends up to int before the unsigned right shift would occur.

Thus, the code _c >>> 12 could return an incorrect value as -32768 would change from 0x8000 to 0xFFFF_8000 and would become 0x000F_FFF8, rather than 0x8, with similar results happening for any value in the range [-1, -32768].

Risk

Low. This is a net new API in .NET 9.