{"id":900,"date":"2018-08-03T18:38:33","date_gmt":"2018-08-03T16:38:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/?p=900"},"modified":"2018-08-27T07:54:40","modified_gmt":"2018-08-27T05:54:40","slug":"pygame-animate-a-sprite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-animate-a-sprite\/","title":{"rendered":"Pygame: Animate a sprite"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dive into Pygame<\/h2>\n

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<\/center><\/center><\/div>\n

We can use pygame to make games, but games can be used not only for entertaining. In fact we could use this module for educational purporses. Anyway, we will explore the basic stuff. As usual, we will dive into the practical examples for useful stuff, instead of long introductions. So, not to deny what I just wrote, let’s dive into pygame right now.<\/p>\n

Did you import pygame?<\/h2>\n

First thing to do is import pygame. At the moment we’ve arrived at 1.9.4, release on july 2018.<\/p>\n

\"\"\"Dive into pygame.\r\n\r\nA close look at programming trough games\r\n\"\"\"\r\n\r\nimport pygame as pg<\/pre>\n
Pygame zero anyone?<\/h2>\n
If you installed pgzero (go to see the article about this modules), you have pygame module yet, because pygame zero is based on pygame as the name suggests obviously.<\/p>\n
\"The
The animation and the welcome text of pygame 1.9.4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
The basic window<\/h2>\n
We need some code to see a simple window:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • we define width and height of the screen<\/li>\n
  • use the set_mode method to give the measures of the screen<\/li>\n
  • we create an infinite loop to get the user imput<\/li>\n
  • if we close the window then we quit pygame<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    import pygame as pg\r\n\r\nW = 800\r\nH = 600\r\n\r\ndisplay = pg.display.set_mode((W, H))\r\npg.display.set_caption(\"Mario Game\")\r\n\r\n\r\nclock = pg.time.Clock()\r\n\r\ncrashed = False\r\n\r\n# infinite loop, until you close the window\r\nwhile not crashed:\r\n        # pc waits for an event (user input)\r\n\tfor event in pg.event.get():\r\n                # the only event is the quit of the window\r\n\t\tif event.type == pg.QUIT:\r\n                        # if you press the quit button the loop ends and pygame quits\r\n\t\t\tcrashed = True\r\n        # if you do not do anything the window continues to update\r\n\tpg.display.update()\r\n        # this is the framerate\r\n\tclock.tick(60)\r\n\r\npg.quit()<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n
    Load an image<\/h2>\n
    img = pygame.image.load(\"mario_1.png\")<\/pre>\n
    Load all the image in a folder starting with “mario”<\/h2>\n
    import glob\r\n\r\nmario = glob.glob(\"mario*.png\")\r\n\r\n# mario is a list with all the name of the files\r\n# that starts with mario, followed by anithing\r\n# (i.e. numerbers 1, 2, 3...) and ending with .png\r\n\r\nmario_img = []\r\nfor png in mario:\r\n    mario_img.append(pg.image.load(png))<\/pre>\n
    Display the image on the screen<\/h2>\n
    After we charged all the images in the folder in mario_image list of images we display the second one (mario_img[1]*).<\/p>\n
    * the lists starts from 0, so 1 is the second item.<\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    import pygame as pg\r\nimport glob\r\n\r\npg.init()\r\nw = 800\r\nh = 600\r\nscreen = pg.display.set_mode((w, h))\r\nclock = pg.time.Clock()\r\nmario = glob.glob(\"*.png\")\r\n\r\n# mario is a list with all the name of the files\r\n# that starts with mario, followed by anithing\r\n# (i.e. numerbers 1, 2, 3...) and ending with .png\r\n\r\nmario_img = []\r\nfor png in mario:\r\n    mario_img.append(pg.image.load(png))\r\n\r\nend = False\r\n\r\nwhile not end:\r\n    screen.fill((0, 0, 0))\r\n    screen.blit(mario_img[1], (10, 10))\r\n\r\n    for event in pg.event.get():\r\n        if event.type == pg.QUIT:\r\n            end = True\r\n    clock.tick(60)\r\n    pg.display.update()\r\npg.quit()<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    Move left and right<\/h2>\n
    In this code we take all the pictures in a folder (png) and we use the to animate the chacter walking.<\/p>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \n\"\"
    \n
    <\/center><\/center><\/div>\n
    \"\"\"Install pygame with pgzero.\r\n\r\npip install pgzero\r\n\"\"\"\r\n\r\n\r\nimport pygame\r\nimport sys\r\nimport glob\r\n\r\npygame.init()\r\n\r\nh = 400\r\nw = 800\r\n\r\nscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((w, h))\r\nclock = pygame.time.Clock()\r\n\r\n\r\nclass Player:\r\n    def __init__(self):\r\n        self.x = 200\r\n        self.y = 300\r\n        self.speed_init = 10\r\n        self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n        self.ani = glob.glob(\"*.png\")\r\n        self.ani.sort()\r\n        self.ani_pos = 0\r\n        self.ani_max = len(self.ani) - 1\r\n        self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[0])\r\n        self.update(0)\r\n\r\n    def update(self, pos):\r\n        if pos != 0:\r\n            self.speed -= 1\r\n            self.x += pos\r\n            if self.speed == 0:\r\n                self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[self.ani_pos])\r\n                self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n                if self.ani_pos == self.ani_max:\r\n                    self.ani_pos = 0\r\n                else:\r\n                    self.ani_pos += 1\r\n        screen.blit(self.img, (self.x, self.y))\r\n\r\n\r\nplayer = Player()\r\npos = 0\r\n\r\ncrashed = False\r\nright = 0\r\nwhile not crashed:\r\n    screen.fill((0, 0, 0))\r\n    clock.tick(60)\r\n\r\n    for event in pygame.event.get():\r\n        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:\r\n            crashed = True\r\n        elif right == 1:\r\n            pos +=1\r\n            if pos == len(player.ani):\r\n                right = 0\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:\r\n            pos += 1\r\n            #right = 1\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:\r\n            pos = 0\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:\r\n            pos = -1\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:\r\n            pos = 0\r\n\r\n    player.update(pos)\r\n    pygame.display.update()\r\n\r\npygame.quit()<\/pre>\n
    Moving costantly<\/h2>\n
    Now the character moves continuosly left and right<\/p>\n
    \"\"\"Install pygame with pgzero.\r\n\r\npip install pgzero\r\n\"\"\"\r\n\r\n\r\nimport pygame\r\nimport sys\r\nimport glob\r\n\r\npygame.init()\r\n\r\nh = 400\r\nw = 800\r\n\r\nscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((w, h))\r\nclock = pygame.time.Clock()\r\n\r\n\r\nclass Player:\r\n    def __init__(self):\r\n        self.x = 200\r\n        self.y = 300\r\n        self.speed_init = 10\r\n        self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n        self.ani = glob.glob(\"*.png\")\r\n        self.ani.sort()\r\n        self.ani_pos = 0\r\n        self.ani_max = len(self.ani) - 1\r\n        self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[0])\r\n        self.update(0)\r\n\r\n    def update(self, pos):\r\n        if pos != 0:\r\n            self.speed -= 1\r\n            self.x += pos\r\n            if self.speed == 0:\r\n                self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[self.ani_pos])\r\n                self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n                if self.ani_pos == self.ani_max:\r\n                    self.ani_pos = 0\r\n                else:\r\n                    self.ani_pos += 1\r\n        screen.blit(self.img, (self.x, self.y))\r\n\r\n\r\nplayer = Player()\r\npos = 0\r\n\r\ncrashed = False\r\n\r\nwhile not crashed:\r\n    screen.fill((0, 0, 0))\r\n    clock.tick(60)\r\n\r\n    for event in pygame.event.get():\r\n        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:\r\n            crashed = True\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:\r\n            pos += 1\r\n        # when KEYUP the alien continues to move forward\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:\r\n            if pos < len(player.ani):\r\n                pos += 1\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:\r\n            pos = -1\r\n        # when KEYUP the alien continues to move backward\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:\r\n            if pos > 0:\r\n                pos -= 1\r\n\r\n    player.update(pos)\r\n    pygame.display.update()\r\n\r\npygame.quit()<\/pre>\n
    Moving at different speed<\/h2>\n
    This time we made the alien move incrementally when pressing the left and right arrow.<\/p>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    \"\"\"Install pygame with pgzero.\r\n\r\npip install pgzero\r\n\"\"\"\r\n\r\n\r\nimport pygame\r\nimport glob\r\n\r\npygame.init()\r\n\r\nh = 400\r\nw = 800\r\n\r\nscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((w, h))\r\nclock = pygame.time.Clock()\r\npygame.font.init()  # you have to call this at the start,\r\n# if you want to use this module.\r\nmyfont = pygame.font.SysFont('Comic Sans MS', 30)\r\ntextsurface = myfont.render('Right or left arrow to move', False, (255, 255, 255))\r\nvelocity = myfont.render('...', False, (255, 255, 255))\r\n\r\n\r\nclass Player:\r\n    def __init__(self):\r\n        self.x = 300\r\n        self.y = 200\r\n        self.speed_init = 10\r\n        self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n        self.ani = glob.glob(\"*.png\")\r\n        self.ani.sort()\r\n        self.ani_pos = 1\r\n        self.ani_max = len(self.ani) - 1\r\n        self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[0])\r\n        self.update(0)\r\n\r\n    def update(self, pos):\r\n        if pos != 0:\r\n            self.speed -= 2\r\n            self.x += pos\r\n            if self.speed == 0:\r\n                self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[self.ani_pos])\r\n                self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n                if self.ani_pos == self.ani_max:\r\n                    self.ani_pos = 0\r\n                else:\r\n                    self.ani_pos += 1\r\n        elif self.speed == 0:\r\n            self.img = pygame.image.load(self.ani[self.ani_pos])\r\n            self.speed = self.speed_init\r\n            if self.ani_pos == self.ani_max:\r\n                self.ani_pos = 0\r\n            else:\r\n                self.ani_pos += 1\r\n        screen.blit(self.img, (self.x, self.y))\r\n\r\n\r\nplayer = Player()\r\npos = 0\r\n\r\ncrashed = False\r\n\r\nwhile not crashed:\r\n    screen.fill((0, 0, 0))\r\n    clock.tick(60)\r\n    screen.blit(textsurface, (0, 0))\r\n    screen.blit(velocity, (0, 40))\r\n\r\n    for event in pygame.event.get():\r\n        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:\r\n            crashed = True\r\n\r\n        # MOVE RIGHT\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:\r\n            if pos < 5:  # max velocity = 5\r\n                pos += 1  # pos -= 1 # velocit\u00e0 incrementale\r\n                velocity = myfont.render('Velocit\u00e0 ' + str(pos), False, (255, 255, 255))\r\n            \"\"\"\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:\r\n            if pos < len(player.ani):\r\n                pos = +1\r\n\"\"\"\r\n        # MOVE LEFT\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:\r\n            if pos > -5:  # max velocity -5\r\n                pos -= 1  # pos -= 1 # velocit\u00e0 incrementale\r\n                velocity = myfont.render('Velocit\u00e0 ' + str(pos), False, (255, 255, 255))\r\n        \"\"\"\r\n        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:\r\n            if pos > 0:\r\n                pos = -1\r\n\"\"\"\r\n    player.update(pos)\r\n    pygame.display.update()\r\n\r\npygame.quit()\r\n<\/pre>\n