{"id":11349,"date":"2022-01-20T13:28:38","date_gmt":"2022-01-20T12:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/?p=11349"},"modified":"2022-01-20T13:29:19","modified_gmt":"2022-01-20T12:29:19","slug":"raycasting-with-pygame","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/raycasting-with-pygame\/","title":{"rendered":"Raycasting with Pygame"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"480\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 960 \/ 480;\" width=\"960\" controls src=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Raycasting-by-Network-Skeleton-2022-01-20-13-10-10.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/image-20.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"421\" src=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/image-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/image-20.png 840w, https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/image-20-320x160.png 320w, https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/image-20-768x385.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Got interested in raycasting and decided to make my own engine for it using Python with Pygame. It&#39;s basic but I feel like I learned a lot. \ud83d\ude42 On the left is the 2d movement and rays and on the right is what is drawn using the info gathered from the left. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/indiedev?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#indiedev<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/pygame?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#pygame<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/30IIQm9lgZ\">pic.twitter.com\/30IIQm9lgZ<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Network Skeleton (@Net_Skeleton) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Net_Skeleton\/status\/1483389171377094657?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 18, 2022<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import pygame\nimport sys\nimport math\n\npygame.init()\n\nSCREEN_HEIGHT = 480\nSCREEN_WIDTH = SCREEN_HEIGHT * 2\nMAP_SIZE = 8\nTILE_SIZE = ((SCREEN_WIDTH \/ 2) \/ MAP_SIZE)\nMAX_DEPTH = int(MAP_SIZE * TILE_SIZE)\nFOV = math.pi \/ 3\nHALF_FOV = FOV \/ 2\nCASTED_RAYS = 120\nSTEP_ANGLE = FOV \/ CASTED_RAYS\nSCALE = (SCREEN_WIDTH \/ 2) \/ CASTED_RAYS\n\n\nplayer_x = (SCREEN_WIDTH \/ 2) \/ 2\nplayer_y = (SCREEN_WIDTH \/ 2) \/ 2\nplayer_angle = math.pi\n\n\nMAP = (\n     '########'   \n     '#   ## #'\n     '#      #'\n     '#    ###'\n     '##     #'\n     '#   #  #'\n     '#   #  #'\n     '########'\n)\n\n\n\nwin = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT))\n\npygame.display.set_caption(\"Raycasting by Network Skeleton\")\n\nclock = pygame.time.Clock()\n\ndef draw_map():\n    for row in range(8):\n        for col in range(8):\n            square = row * MAP_SIZE + col\n            \n            pygame.draw.rect(\n                win,\n                (200,200,200) if MAP[square] == '#' else (100,100,100),\n                (col * TILE_SIZE, row * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE - 2, TILE_SIZE - 2)\n                \n                )      \n    pygame.draw.circle(win, (255, 0, 0), (int(player_x),int(player_y)), 8)\n    pygame.draw.line(win, (0,255,0),(player_x,player_y),(player_x - math.sin(player_angle) * 50,player_y + math.cos(player_angle) * 50),3)\n    pygame.draw.line(win, (0,255,0),(player_x,player_y),(player_x - math.sin(player_angle - HALF_FOV) * 50,player_y + math.cos(player_angle - HALF_FOV) * 50),3)\n    pygame.draw.line(win, (0,255,0),(player_x,player_y),(player_x - math.sin(player_angle + HALF_FOV) * 50,player_y + math.cos(player_angle + HALF_FOV) * 50),3)\n\n\ndef cast_rays():\n    start_angle = player_angle - HALF_FOV\n    \n    for ray in range(CASTED_RAYS):\n        for depth in range(MAX_DEPTH):\n            target_x = player_x - math.sin(start_angle) * depth\n            target_y = player_y + math.cos(start_angle) * depth\n            col = int(target_x \/ TILE_SIZE)\n            row = int(target_y \/ TILE_SIZE)\n\n            square = row * MAP_SIZE + col\n            (target_y \/ TILE_SIZE) * MAP_SIZE + target_x \/ TILE_SIZE \n            if MAP[square] == '#':\n                pygame.draw.rect(win,(0,255,0),(col * TILE_SIZE,\n                                                row * TILE_SIZE,\n                                                TILE_SIZE - 2,\n                                                TILE_SIZE - 2))\n                pygame.draw.line(win, (255,255,0),(player_x,player_y),(target_x,target_y))\n                color = 50 \/ (1 + depth * depth * 0.0001)\n                \n                depth *= math.cos(player_angle - start_angle)\n                    \n                wall_height = 21000 \/ (depth + 0.0001)\n                \n                if wall_height > SCREEN_HEIGHT: wall_height == SCREEN_HEIGHT\n                \n                pygame.draw.rect(win,(color,color,color), (SCREEN_HEIGHT + ray * SCALE,(SCREEN_HEIGHT \/ 2) - wall_height \/ 2,SCALE,wall_height))\n                \n                break\n    \n        start_angle += STEP_ANGLE\n\nforward = True\n\n\nwhile True:\n    for event in pygame.event.get():\n      if event.type == pygame.QUIT:\n          pygame.quit()\n          sys.exit(0)\n          \n    col = int(player_x \/ TILE_SIZE)\n    row = int(player_y \/ TILE_SIZE)\n\n    square = row * MAP_SIZE + col\n    (player_y \/ TILE_SIZE) * MAP_SIZE + player_x \/ TILE_SIZE \n    if MAP[square] == '#':\n            if forward == True:\n                player_x -= -math.sin(player_angle) * 5\n                player_y -= math.cos(player_angle) * 5\n            else:\n                player_x += -math.sin(player_angle) * 5\n                player_y += math.cos(player_angle) * 5\n\n     \n          \n    pygame.draw.rect(win,(0,0,0),(0,0,SCREEN_HEIGHT,SCREEN_HEIGHT))\n    \n    pygame.draw.rect(win,(100,0,0),(480,SCREEN_HEIGHT \/ 2,SCREEN_HEIGHT,SCREEN_HEIGHT))\n    pygame.draw.rect(win,(200,0,0),(480,-SCREEN_HEIGHT \/ 2,SCREEN_HEIGHT,SCREEN_HEIGHT))      \n    \n    \n    draw_map()\n    cast_rays()\n    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()\n    \n    if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]: player_angle -= 0.1\n    if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]: player_angle += 0.1\n    if keys[pygame.K_UP]:\n        forward = True\n        player_x += -math.sin(player_angle) * 5\n        player_y += math.cos(player_angle) * 5\n    if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:\n        forward = False\n        player_x -= -math.sin(player_angle) * 5\n        player_y -= math.cos(player_angle) * 5\n    \n    clock.tick(60)    \n    \n    fps = str(int(clock.get_fps()))\n    font = pygame.font.SysFont('Monospace Regular', 30)\n    textsurface = font.render(fps, False, (255,255,255))\n    win.blit(textsurface,(0,0))\n    pygame.display.flip()\n    \n\n    \n    \n            \n            <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><!-- se vuoi mettere un testo scorrevole\r\n[hoops name=\"typeWriterGen\"]\r\n\r\npoi metti un id diverso per ogni testo nella stessa pagina\r\n\r\n<div id=\"div01\">\r\n<script>\r\n\r\ntypeWriterGen(\"div01\",\"Esempio di testo scorrevole\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n-->\r\n<style>\r\n.avatar {\r\n  vertical-align: middle;\r\n  width: 100px;\r\n  height: 100px;\r\n  border-radius: 50%;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<hr>\r\n\r\n<!-- NEWSLETTER LINK -->\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLSf7TniIPCWHDzCSGh2dYZaCwDvi9yLKS5ovFdKuK1sdfOvwEg\/viewform\">\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-13.png\" class=\"avatar\">\r\nSubscribe to the <b>newsletter<\/b> for updates<\/a><br>\r\n\r\n<!-- TKINTER TEMPLATE LINK -->\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/tkinter-templates\/\">\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-26.png\" class=\"avatar\">\r\nTkinter templates<\/a><br>\r\n\r\n<!-- MY AVATAR PUT A LINK TO YOUTUBE CHANNEL-->\r\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https:\/\/itch.io\/embed\/711828\" width=\"552\" height=\"167\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogrammi.itch.io\/pysnake\">PySnake by PythonProgrammi<\/a><\/iframe>\r\n<br>\r\n<style>\r\n.avatar {\r\n  vertical-align: middle;\r\n  width: 100px;\r\n  height: 100px;\r\n  border-radius: 50%;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCzbxq5e9gLiY-je2-br1rvg\">\r\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/avatar64x64.png\" alt=\"Avatar\" class=\"avatar\">\r\n\t My youtube channel<\/a><br>\r\n\r\n<br>\r\n\r\nTwitter: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/pythonprogrammi\">@pythonprogrammi - python_pygame<\/a>\r\n<h3>Claude's Games<\/h3>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/random-daily-game-1-arkanoid\/\">Arkanoid<\/a><br>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/platform-2d-with-pygame-made-with-claude\/\">Platform 2d<\/a><\/p> <!-- videogames made with claude -->\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/artifacts-games-day-1-memory-game\/\">1. Memory game<\/a>\r\n<h4>Videos<\/h4>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ciLjWWw5pLY\">Speech recognition game<\/a>\r\n<h3>Pygame's Platform Game<\/h3>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-platform-game-5-sounds-and-mixer\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/climbercover.png?w=557&ssl=1\"\/ width=\"50%\"><\/a>\r\n<script>\r\nvar title = \"Platform Pygame\";\r\n\t\tvar links = [\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-animation-of-a-sprite-v-1-3\/\",\"Animation 1.3\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-sprite-animation-v-2-better-coding-test-it-checking-fps-on-the-screen\/\",\"Animation 1.2\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-how-to-display-the-frame-rate-fps-on-the-screen\/\",\"Display Frame rate\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-sprite-animation-update\/\",\"Animation 1.1\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-platformer-1\/\",\"Pygame Platform Game 1\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/python-platform-game-2\/\",\"Pygame Platform 2\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-platform-game-3-recap-cheatsheet\/\",\"Pygame PLatform 3 - recap and some Cheat Sheet\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-platform-game-4-background-and-stuffs\/\",\"Pygame Platform 4 - Background & organizing code\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-platform-game-5-sounds-and-mixer\/\",\"Pygame Platform 5 - Sounds\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/platform-game-in-detail-part-1\/\",\"Game in detail part 1\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/map-maker-1-2\/\", \"Map maker 1.2\"]\r\n\t\t];\r\n\t\t<\/script>\r\n<script>\r\n\t\r\nif (typeof next2 != \"undefined\"){let next2 = 0;}\r\n\t\r\nnext2 = 0;\r\n\thtml = \"\";\/\/<b style='color:coral;font-size:1.2em'>Other posts about \" + title + \"<\/b><br>\";\r\nfor (address of links) \r\n{\r\n\r\n\tif (next2 == 1){\r\n\t\thtml += \"<div style='background:coral'>\";\r\n\t\thtml += \"Next link => <a href='\" + address[0] + \"'>\" + address[1] + \"<\/a>\";\r\n\t\thtml += \"<\/div><br>\";\r\n\t\tnext2 = 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\tif (address[0] == document.URL) {\r\n\t\tnext2 = 1;\r\n\t}\r\n}\r\n\r\nif (typeof next != \"undefined\") {let next = 0;}\r\nif (typeof addressStart != \"undefined\") {let addressStart = \"\";}\r\nnext = 0;\r\naddressStart = \"<a href='\";\r\nfor (address of links) {\r\n\tif (next == 1){\r\n\t\thtml += \">>>\" + addressStart + address[0] + \"'>\" + address[1] + \"<\/a><br>\";\r\n\t\tnext = 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\telse if (addressStart + address[0] != document.URL)\r\n\t{\r\n\t\thtml += addressStart + address[0] + \"'>\" + address[1] + \"<\/a><br>\";\r\n\t}\r\n\telse\r\n\t{\r\n\t\tnext = 1;\r\n\t\tnext_address = address[0]\r\n\t\tnext_title = address[1]\r\n\t\thtml += \"<span style='color:gray'>\" + address[1] + \"<\/span><br>\";\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\thtml += `<span style=\"font-size:8px\">Powered by <a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2673\" src=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/altervista2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"70\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/altervista2.png 156w, https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/altervista2-150x56.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 70px) 100vw, 70px\" \/>pythonprogramming.altervista.org<\/a><\/span>`\r\n\thtml = \"<div style='background:yellow'>\" + html + \"<\/div>\";\r\n\tdocument.write(html)\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<h3>Other Pygame's posts<\/h3>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\nvar title = \"Pygame's Posts\"\r\nvar links = [\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-platformer-1\/\",\"Platform game 1\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/make-a-platform-game-with-pygame-dafluffypotato\/\",\"DaFluffyPotato Platform Tutorials\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/python-and-classic-arcade-games-pong\/\",\"Pong Game Full\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/python-draws-in-colors-app-to-draw-with-pygame\/\",\"PyGameGIF 2\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-draw-app-with-animation\/\",\"PyGameGIF 1\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pydraw-2-0-app-to-draw-gif\/\",\"PyDraw 2.0\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-drawing-2\/\",\"Draw with Pygame\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/animation-with-pygame\",\"Sprite animation 1\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/animation-on-pygame-2-free-characters-and-more-actions\/\",\"Sprite animation 2\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/starting-with-pygame\/\",\"Starting movements with Pygame\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-3-move-sprite\/\", \"Move a Sprite\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-4-fonts\/\",\"Text and Fonts\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-animate-a-sprite\/\", \"Animate a sprite\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pygame-and-mouse-events\/\",\"Mouse events\"],\r\n[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/pgp-aka-pygamepresentation-project\/\",\"Pygame presentation\"],\r\n\t[\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/moving-the-player-in-pygame-with-key-get_pressed\/\",\"How to use key.get_pressed()\"]\r\n]\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n\t\r\nif (typeof next2 != \"undefined\"){let next2 = 0;}\r\n\t\r\nnext2 = 0;\r\n\thtml = \"\";\/\/<b style='color:coral;font-size:1.2em'>Other posts about \" + title + \"<\/b><br>\";\r\nfor (address of 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+= `<span style=\"font-size:8px\">Powered by <a href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2673\" src=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/altervista2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"70\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/altervista2.png 156w, https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/altervista2-150x56.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 70px) 100vw, 70px\" \/>pythonprogramming.altervista.org<\/a><\/span>`\r\n\thtml = \"<div style='background:yellow'>\" + html + \"<\/div>\";\r\n\tdocument.write(html)\r\n<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Raycasting \n<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/raycasting-with-pygame\/\"> [...]<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11352,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11349","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-examples"],"avopt_banners_inside_post":true,"avopt_banners_on_page":true,"av_copy_from":"","av_sharing_message":"","av_sharing_allowed":true,"av_sharing_on":{"fb":[],"tw":[]},"av_allow_affiliate_banner":false,"av_allow_affiliate_multi_banner":false,"av_show_affiliation_buy_button":false,"av_post_rating":true,"av_have_post_rating_value":false,"av_is_artificial_intelligence_content":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11349","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11349"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11349\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11354,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11349\/revisions\/11354"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11352"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11349"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}