{"id":1009,"date":"2018-08-07T18:29:33","date_gmt":"2018-08-07T16:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/?p=1009"},"modified":"2018-08-27T07:54:06","modified_gmt":"2018-08-27T05:54:06","slug":"gui-zero","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pythonprogramming.altervista.org\/gui-zero\/","title":{"rendered":"GUI zero (compared to tkinter)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Welcome to GUI zero, a new way to use tkinter<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Why don’t we have another approach to GUI with python. Instead of using tkinter we could use GUI zero.<\/p>\n

Install the module with<\/p>\n

pip install guizero<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Starting a window<\/h2>\n

It is very simple to start a window with guizero:<\/p>\n

# Create a window with a title\r\n\r\nfrom guizero import App\r\napp = App(title=\"Hello world\")\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
As you can see, the syntax is easier than the one that you use with tkinter:<\/p>\n
#\r\nfrom tkinter import *\r\n\r\nroot = Tk()\r\nroot.title(\"Hello World!\")\r\n\r\nroot.mainloop()<\/pre>\n
… but not so different. We have App() instead of Tk(), and display, instead of mainloop at the end.<\/p>\n
Text and Buttons<\/h2>\n
What we call Label in tkinter, here is simply text, while Button is PushButton. As argument, we have the parent widget and then text and command as usual. The command argument takes the name of the function that will be called when the button is pushed. In this cas, when the button is pushed we go to the action function that will\u00a0 change the text of textshow widget into “I know, you clicked”.<\/p>\n
from guizero import App, Text, PushButton\r\n\r\n# Method to call when button pressed\r\n\r\n# Set up the app\r\napp = App(\"First example of Gui Zero\")\r\n\r\n\r\ndef action():\r\n    textshow.value = \"I know, you clicked!\"\r\n\r\n\r\ndef line():\r\n    Text(app, \"--------------------\")\r\n\r\n\r\ntext = Text(app, \"Python GUI\")\r\n\r\nline()\r\n\r\nbutton = PushButton(app, action, text=\"Click to start the action\")\r\n\r\nline()\r\n\r\ntextshow = Text(app, text=\"?\", color=\"red\")\r\n\r\nline()\r\n\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
Create a second window<\/h2>\n
from guizero import App, Window\r\n\r\napp = App(title=\"Main window\")\r\nwindow = Window(app, title=\"2nd window\")\r\n\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
Opening and closing windows is easy<\/h2>\n
from guizero import App, Window\r\n\r\ndef open_window():\r\n    window.show()\r\n\r\ndef close_window():\r\n    window.hide()\r\n\r\napp = App(title=\"Main window\")\r\n\r\nwindow = Window(app, title=\"2nd window\")\r\nwindow.hide()\r\n\r\nopen_button = PushButton(app, text=\"Open\", command=open_window)\r\nclose_button = PushButton(window, text=\"Close\", command=close_window)\r\n\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
Open a window preventing from using the other<\/h2>\n
def open_window():\r\n    window.show(wait=True)<\/pre>\n
Grid to position widgets<\/h2>\n
app = App(layout=\"grid\")\r\ntext = Text(app, text=\"Hello world\", grid=[0,1])<\/pre>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\"App<\/p>\n
from guizero import App, PushButton\r\ndef do_nothing():\r\n    print(\"Nothing happened\")\r\n\r\napp = App(title=\"Keypad example\", width=100, height=90, layout=\"grid\")\r\nbutton1 = PushButton(app, command=do_nothing, text=\"1\", grid=[0,0])\r\nbutton2 = PushButton(app, command=do_nothing, text=\"2\", grid=[1,0])\r\nbutton3  = PushButton(app, command=do_nothing, text=\"3\", grid=[2,0])\r\nbutton4  = PushButton(app, command=do_nothing, text=\"4\", grid=[0,1])\r\nbutton5  = PushButton(app, command=do_nothing, text=\"5\", grid=[1,1])\r\nbutton6  = PushButton(app, command=do_nothing, text=\"6\", grid=[2,1])\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
Span Text<\/h2>\n
\"\"<\/a>
span text in two column with grid layout<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
from guizero import App, Text\r\n\r\napp = App(\"Span text\", layout=\"grid\")\r\n\r\ntext = Text(app, text=\"column_x=0 row_y=0\", bg=\"yellow\", grid=[0,0,])\r\ntext2 = Text(app, text=\"column_x=1 row_y=0\", bg=\"red\", grid=[1,0])\r\ntext3 = Text(app, text=\"column_x=2 row_y=0\", grid=[2,0])\r\n\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
Span images<\/h2>\n
from guizero import App, Picture\r\n\r\napp = App(title=\"guizero grid span example\", width=460, height=210, layout=\"grid\")\r\npicture1 = Picture(app, image=\"std1.gif\", grid=[0,0])\r\npicture2 = Picture(app, image=\"std2.gif\", grid=[1,0])\r\npicture3 = Picture(app, image=\"tall1.gif\", grid=[2,0,1,2])\r\npicture4 = Picture(app, image=\"wide1.gif\", grid=[0,1,2,1])\r\n\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
\"Grid<\/p>\n
Warning box<\/h2>\n
\"Warning<\/p>\n
from guizero import App, warn\r\napp = App(title=\"Biscuit monitor\")\r\nwarn(\"Uh oh!\", \"You are almost out of biscuits!\")\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
Yes no box<\/h2>\n
\"Yes<\/p>\n
from guizero import App, yesno, info, error\r\napp = App(title=\"Snowman\")\r\nbuild_a_snowman = yesno(\"A question...\", \"Do you want to build a snowman?\")\r\nif build_a_snowman == True:\r\n    info(\"Snowman\", \"It doesn't have to be a snowman\")\r\nelse:\r\n    error(\"Snowman\", \"Okay bye...\")\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
PushButton that pops info<\/h2>\n
from guizero import App, PushButton, info\r\napp = App()\r\nbutton = PushButton(app, command=info, args=[\"Info\", \"You pressed the button\"])\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
Do you really want to close?(.on_close method of App)<\/h2>\n
from guizero import App, Text, yesno\r\n\r\n# Ask the user if they really want to close the window\r\ndef do_this_on_close():\r\n    if yesno(\"Close\", \"Do you want to quit?\"):\r\n        app.destroy()\r\n\r\napp = App()\r\n\r\ntitle = Text(app, text=\"blank app\")\r\n\r\n# When the user tries to close the window, run the function do_this_on_close()\r\napp.on_close(do_this_on_close)\r\n\r\napp.display()<\/pre>\n
The rest of the documentation<\/h2>\n
This examples are based on the documentation of gui zero site. To read the rest of the documentation go here:<\/p>\n
The size of the widgets<\/a><\/p>\n
Colors<\/a><\/p>\n
Images<\/a><\/p>\n
Loops and sleeping<\/a><\/p>\n
events<\/a><\/p>\n
Using tkinter methods<\/a><\/p>\n
Examples and resources<\/a><\/p>\n
Recipes<\/a><\/p>\n
App<\/a><\/p>\n
Box<\/a><\/p>\n
ButtonGroup<\/a><\/p>\n
CheckBox<\/a><\/p>\n
Combo<\/a><\/p>\n
ListBox<\/a><\/p>\n
MenuBar<\/a><\/p>\n
Picture<\/a><\/p>\n
PushButton<\/a><\/p>\n
Slider<\/a><\/p>\n
Text<\/a><\/p>\n
TextBox<\/a><\/p>\n
Waffle<\/a><\/p>\n
Window<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\t\r\n