This general topic seems to come up constantly on Meta Stack Overflow as a major point of contention, yet there never seems to be a really proper reference to direct people towards. Existing Q&A doesn't quite hit the mark, and many OPs even seem to find it contradictory.
The reasons we close questions are well documented, but for many, there seems to be a ton of inferential distance between those reasons and the wording in the tour:
With your help, we're working together to build a library of detailed, high-quality answers to every question about programming.
It comes across that the goal of the site is to a) be comprehensive and b) connect people with questions to people who can answer them. It seems as though anything that's on topic should be fair game. But of course, in practice we tend to expect quite a bit of research - even though the most successful questions are often simple how-tos expressed in a single sentence (that don't inherently demonstrate any attempt to find the information somewhere else), or clarifications of fundamental concepts, or examinations of common gotchas, or even basic language syntax issues.
This disconnect causes a ton of strife. Many new users walk away speculating that their questions were poorly received because they're "too easy". A few, on the other hand, imagine that the problem was a question that's too difficult - they'll complain about the question being reviewed by people who "don't understand" it. Long-time users who aren't active on Meta will sometimes ask terrible questions themselves; more often, they'll serially answer terrible questions (that's how they got their rep points, after all!) and then complain on meta about the questions getting closed, their answers occasionally being deleted, or other such "interference".
And periodically as a result we'll get a rant about how we're treating newcomers, sometimes even leading to the company scolding the meta community (which may have unfortunate implications) or trying to change things. Meta regulars, meanwhile, often seem to reject the idea that newcomers might actually respond to feedback, and argue that we need to be more negative in the feedback we do offer.
Against this backdrop, I feel there's a long-overdue need to address the topic, once and for all, in one place. This is how I formulate it -
For new users (or others who aren't "getting it"):
Why do we have and enforce the question standards that we do; and how do we reconcile that enforcement with our understanding of the site's goal? In particular: what sorts of questions actually require a minimal reproducible example? Why do we expect them in such questions, and what are the practical consequences of expecting the OP to create one?
How do we actually distinguish a useful, beginner-level question from a personalized request for help?
For the meta community:
How can we effectively reassure people that their questions are not being closed for being "too easy"? (Or if they are, then why isn't that an official close reason, retroactively applied to a bunch of popular questions?)
Fundamentally, why isn't the readily available feedback enough (apparently) for new users to figure out our standards and act on them? Is personalized guidance necessary? Or else how can we more effectively point them at the "real" requirements for questions, as opposed to the impression they get from the tour etc.?
Why do we have and enforce ....t enforcement with our understanding of the site's goal?As someone "not getting it", I have to say, this is highly subjective - as you put it, your understanding of the site's goal. At that point, you're trying to enforce a imaginary rule using close votes - using made up reasons, rather than the agreed close reasons. Quality is subjective, until you can quantify it objectively. I'm sure you'd want close reasons like lacks "research/minimal understanding" back. But they were removed for a reason, which you don't seem to agree with fully or partially.