Fishing the Moon Phase

Fishing the Moon Phases

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Can Moon Phases Influence your Angling Opportunity?

Fishing the Moon Phase

Understand how to fish the Full Moon

Moon Phases are known to influence both fish and wildlife populations.  The major effects experienced during the new and full moon phases primarily occur through changes to ambient light and gravitational forces.  A full moon will produce more ambient light and stronger gravitational forces creating stronger tides.  These influences can alter the behavior and feeding patterns of fish and wildlife.  Furthermore, the moon phases are believed to impact the reproductive cycles in some species.

Certain animals time their breeding seasons around the lunar cycle.  This is a possible strategy to ensure their offspring are born under favorable conditions.  One advantage for open water fish species is the tidal dispersion of eggs.  This is more favorable during a full or new moon phase due to tidal influences.  Another Hypothesis is that fish experience brighter conditions during a full moon allowing greater nocturnal activity.  For example, bass tend to lay their eggs during a full moon, as do bluegill.  It’s theorized the increased lighting aids in nest building, mate recognition, locating suitable spawning sites, and protecting their eggs from nest invaders.

While the lunar influences are interesting to consider, it’s also important to note that there are other environmental stimuli.  For Example, spawning activity is often closely associated with water temperature and photoperiod.  The new and full moon phases may in fact act as a secondary trigger significantly altering the amount of ambient light available.  Many nocturnal animals, such as owls and bats, benefit from the increased lighting during a full moon.  The increased light at night aids in hunting and navigation.

Heightened Feeding Activity

Fish tend to come to the surface during the full moon.  This is mainly because the brighter lunar lights attract them.  Some prey species will follow phytoplankton towards the water’s surface.  This behaviour typically peaks during a full moon making prey species more vulnerable to predators.  It’s theorized that the full moon’s increased light levels at night can stimulate feeding activity in predatory fish.

Muskie for example, is a species relying heavily on its eyesight to hunt.  The additional light gives them an advantageFishing the Moon Phase in low-light conditions. Muskies, often called “the fish of 10,000 casts,” are apex predators that prefer to ambush prey. The full moon enhances their ability to feed at night and can make them more active and aggressive around the full moon.  This heightened activity should increase the encounter rates of Muskies for anglers fishing around the full moon.

Conversely, prey species might also adjust their behavior to avoid predators.  During the new moon some predators may struggle to hunt while prey species might take advantage of the reduced visibility to move around more freely.  Brown Trout, known for their nocturnal habits, tend to become more active at night around the new moon.  During the full moon, the brighter ambient light seems to have the opposite effect.  The larger Brown Trout may experience more vulnerability under the brighter full moon while patrolling shallow waters for food.

Alignment of Lunar and Solar Influences

Fishing during the major moon phases has long been a topic of debate among anglers.  Some chalk it up to folklore, but many experienced anglers agree that moon phases impact fish behavior.  Peak feeding activity times for fish such as Muskie and Brown Trout can align with lunar events.  Anglers can use this information to plan fishing efforts in advance.  The alignment of the sun and moon during the full and new moon can create “major” and “minor” feeding periods.  These periods indicate peak fish activity and are considered peak fishing windows for anglers to target.

During a full moon, lunar and solar gravitational forces align to create strong tidal effects in marine environments.  Even larger freshwater systems like the Great Lakes can experience subtle water level changes.  While these effects may not create visible tides in freshwater ecosystems, they subtly influence fish behavior, including feeding and movement patterns.  Water clarity is also a strong influence on fish behavior as it relates to ambient lunar light penetrating into clear waters.

Steelhead are a freshwater species that tend to show a strong movement pattern around the full moon.  We will often see increased Steelhead movement associated with a full moon phase.  As the full moon approaches Steelhead accelerate their upstream movements every fall and spring.  Many anglers have also observed that species like Muskies and Brown Trout are often active around moonrise, moonset, and other peak lunar periods during a new or full moon.

Solunar Calendars

Solunar fishing calendars are a popular tool used by anglers to target specific times of increased fish activity.  These charts are characterized by two “major” and two “minor” periods during a 24 hour day.  The major’s are during the moon overhead or moon underfoot times.  The minor’s are typically focused around moonrise or moonset.  These same conditions can be found during both the new and full moon phases.

More emphasis has been put on the full moon phase as the ambient light at night is greater and therefore is considered to have an extended influence on fish behavior.  The best fishing days and times are typically found around the new and full moon events each month. The best fishing times on those days are typically detailed as “major” and “minor” times.  Typically I find the better days of fishing are associated with either 2 “major” events and 1 “minor” period or 2 “minor” events and 1 “major” period during my outings.

I have used Solunar calendars with some success targeting both Muskies and Brown Trout during my fishing trips.  Personally I feel there is a greater correlation with using Solunar times as a predictor of fish feeding behavior for pursuing Muskie.  I have found the moon rise and set times during a full moon to coincide better with increased Muskie activity while fishing.  Brown Trout on the other hand tend to break the rules and more often than not I find that predictable Brown Trout activity is situational at best.

Conditions Still Matter

In summary, the moon’s phases have a multifaceted impact on fish and wildlife populations from influencing their behavior, feeding habits, reproduction, and to their overall survival strategies. While the major moon phases can offer excellent opportunities, success also depends on other factors, such as water temperature, weather conditions, and local fish habits. Conditions still matter and you must still consider the local weather and water conditions.  By themselves, Solunar times are simply a best guess recommendation.  For optimal results, pairing new and full moon insights with local knowledge and conditions is the key to expanding your success.

cold weather fishing gear

Cold Weather Fishing Gear

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Cold Weather Fishing Gear
Cold Weather Fishing – New Updates Dec, 2024

Fall and Winter Steelhead Gear

One of the more difficult challenges we face in the Midwest during Steelhead season is staying warm. This leads to many questions when preparing for your fishing trip. What do I wear? What cold weather fishing gear do you bring on your trip? With over 30 years of fall/winter steelhead fishing under my belt, I thought I would share how I layer myself before each steelhead trip.

I live by the philosophy that if I get hot I can always take it off. I’ll also share a few bonus tips, tricks, and some new technology along the way. We found some new tech last year that we used with great success and I’ll share that as well.

Base Layer

Once I determine wether the day is going to be wet or dry and what the overall forecast is, I can make my base layer choices. I have two layering systems that I can choose from based on what the weather forecast might be for the day. If I believe it’s going to be wet I prefer my base layer to be a Merino Wool based material. Having tried almost every other type of layering fabric, wool is my go to choice for wet days. No matter how cold and wet I get, wool based materials still keep me warm. The majority of my favorite wool base layers I purchase have been from Patagonia and now Duckworth. Duckworth is a new company for me, but to say I’ve been impressed is an under statement . Make sure to check out the Mens Powder Hoody, you will not be disappointed.

One more quick tip here, no matter if it’s a wet or dry forecast, I will NEVER wear cotton based materials! Even on the unseasonable warm days I still go with a synthetic base layer on dry days. Synthetics are always my go to base layer, wether the forecast is wet or dry. I always start with some sort of wicking layer for my base. Some of my favorite wicking layers range from our hoodie less sun-shirts to any of the Simms fabrics.

To complete the base layer system I choose for the day, I may double up on my base layers depending upon the low and high temperatures for the day. It’s not uncommon for me to start with lightweight layers and then add a mid or expedition weight base layer before adding one of my favorite layers of all, the Puffy Jacket.

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Mousing for Trout

Match the Hatch with Ed McCoy

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Ed McCoy Podcast

Since Jim Bashline wrote the Bible on night fishing in 1973: “Night Fishing for Trout”, our passion for stalking big Truttasaurus browns at night on big mayfly hatches like drakes, Hexes, Isonychia and big stoneflies has become an obsession! Add in the whole new mousing craze, you now have fly fishing in the night a state of art much different than just feeling the tug and hearing creepy things that go “ bump in the night” . With Infrared night vision head lamps, and glo- in- the dark lines and fly materials, we have perfected the passion to the next level. Our Night Stalker guest is a trained fisheries biologist and guide who rows in the night in search of sounds foretelling a big, night monster Truttasaurus brown on the hunt for flesh and blood- don’t miss this one!

Fly Fishing the Manistee River

Trout and Steelhead on the Manistee River Podcast

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The Wadeoutthere Fly Fishing Podcast

I had the opportunity to give my opinions on a few different topics ranging from Steelhead to Trout and everything in between on the Wade Out There Podcast.  If you looking for a fly fishing podcast to listen to give this one a try.

I go into some of my thoughts on what fish see.  How I use colors, sun, and water clarity to crack the daily code of catching a few fish.

 

Conditions Matter

Conditions Matter

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Conditions Matter

Every spring we enter a transitional period between our annual spring steelhead run and our peak dry fly fishing for trout. In some years this period can be long and drawn out while others transition rapidly. This period is often overlooked and regarded as “hard fishing” as weather conditions can change rapidly and behave differently from year to year. However, if you use a conditions based decision making process to plan your outings, you can eliminate some of the frustrations often associated with transitional fishing. After all, you’re only as good as the conditions you’re fishing in. As a guide, dealing with changing conditions is a daily consideration and I am constantly looking for the best conditions based approach for my anglers.

April and early May can often be characterized by inconsistent weather patterns, but the angling opportunities available at this time are unique and often overlooked. Two of my personal favorites are 1) streamer fishing for trout while searching for the first hatches of the season and 2) the pre-spawn smallmouth bass fishing. Both of these angling opportunities offer different types of fishing, but more importantly they require different conditions for success. Having multiple opportunities to choose from allows us to cater to a conditions based approach to what, when, and where, we will fish on any given day. This is just one example of two overlapping fishing scenarios that have independent factors determining the outcome.

Trout Opener

The annual trout opener is always met with great anticipation, but more often than not we find ourselves fishing during a cold front during this weekend. Negative conditions will often make fishing tough, but understanding your target species and how it will respond to these changes is really what we should consider under these circumstances. Another scenario we often experience under stable conditions are weather patterns that impact the effectiveness of certain techniques making the fishing less productive. Understanding how certain weather parameters affect the behavior of the fish we target is important, but how do these same conditions also impact the food resources available to the fish during these same times?

One of the most common examples of this that I often have to consider is; how does a bright sunny day impact the trout fishing during early spring? Understanding that under low water conditions and bright sunny skies the streamer fishing for trout will often be tough. Another consideration I will make here is understanding how these same conditions will impact my dry fly fishing for trout. I know that under bright skies and colder conditions my hatching Hendrickson’s will be low in density. Even under bright skies and warmer conditions the Hendrickson’s tend to be lower in number, but more importantly the bugs have an easier time leaving the waters surface making them less visible to the trout. When these early hatches of insects are not drifting long distances on the waters surface, trout will often not key in on the surface to feed.

Smallmouth Bass

Under these same conditions smallmouth bass may be far more active and provide a much better alternative species to fish for especially on the bright sunny days. Cold fronts will often push bass into deeper and slower water, but I still feel that they will be more receptive and less neutral than trout under these same conditions. On the flip side, if conditions are calling for heavy cloud cover and moderate temperatures, I know the trout will be more receptive to streamers and the hatching Hendrickson’s will typically last longer and drift further on the waters surface. Not everything in nature is black and white, but if you consider the fishing conditions that are presented to you, often you will find your success improves even in the face of adversity.

Over my guiding career I have seen a lot of changes, weather patterns today are definitely less predictable and the timing of our seasons feels different as well. Being adaptable in my approach and considering the conditions I’m presented on a daily basis has definitely led to more success over time. I have always been passionate about the spring fishing for trout, but often it has been met with frustration as day to day conditions didn’t provide the opportunities I was looking for. Having a backup plan for those situations is a far less stressful strategy and it will often prevent you from getting stuck in a rut. So when planning your next trip consider choosing your target species based upon the fishing conditions you are presented, it may provide everyone with a better overall angling experience.

Ed McCoy

Best Time to fish Grand Traverse Bay for Smallmouth Bass

Grand Traverse Bay Smallmouth Bass Fishing

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Grand Traverse Bay

Grand Traverse Bay Smallmouth Bass Fishing

Throughout the year, the changing seasons play a significant role in smallmouth bass fishing.  Seasonal change affects both the behavior of the fish and the strategies employed by anglers. In particular, the optimal month for Grand Traverse Bay smallmouth bass fishing can vary depending on the season.

Pre Spawn

Spring often boasts a period of heightened activity as smallmouth bass feed aggressively coming out of winter. As the waters warm up in late spring to early summer, smallmouth bass move shallower for the spawn. This period we call the pre-spawn is one of the highlights of the year.  This one of the periods you can catch the biggest bass of the year. Therefore, anglers may find the months of May and June to be particularly ideal for targeting smallmouth bass.

Summer

During the summer fishing for Grand Traverse Bay smallmouth bass can be an exciting and rewarding experience for anglers of all skill levels. With the warming temps Smallmouth in Grand Traverse Bay will tend to go deeper than they do in the Spring.  However, this doesn’t Northern Michigan Smallmouth Bassmean they are too deep for topwater offerings, especially if you’re willing to get up early.  Fishing smallmouth bass on topwater is truely an exciting approach to fishing the Grand Traverse Bay.

When targeting Grand Traverse Bay smallmouth bass in the summer it is important to focus on areas with structure.  Rock structures such as rocky points, ledges, and rock piles, are all areas where these fish like to feed.  Goby and Crayfish patterns are a key food source for smallmouth bass.  The key to success here is to find the preferred bait which usually means you will find the smallmouth bass.  One thing about smallmouth bass that translates well universally is no food = no smallmouth bass.  These guys love to eat and will be found very close to their food source.

Fall Fishing

Fall is a prime season for smallmouth bass fishing in Northern Michigan. The Fall is particularly renowned for its abundance of trophy-sized smallmouth bass. As the temperatures begin to cool, these elusive and aggressive fish become more active.  They can often be found moving into shallow waters in search of food to prepare for the upcoming winter. The crisp autumn air and vibrant colors of the changing leaves provide a picturesque backdrop for anglers seeking the thrill of battling these hard-fighting Grand Traverse Bay smallmouth bass.

Whether casting along rocky shorelines with Umbrella rigs, targeting submerged structure with swimbaits, or working shallow flats with the fly rod, the opportunities for landing a trophy smallmouth are plentiful during the Fall in Northern Michigan. With the combination of ideal weather conditions and the smallmouth’s voracious feeding habits before Winter, Fall smallmouth bass fishing offers anglers an unparalleled experience on the water.

With more anglers focused on King Salmon and Steelhead fishing many of the best inland lakes and Grand Traverse Bay can be barren of other anglers.

Fishing Techniques

Fishing methods for smallmouth bass can range from using gurgle bugs on a fly rod to drop-shotting deep rock piles off a point. While we primarily enjoy using a fly rod with various patterns such as Goby, Crayfish, and Topwater flies, we also recognize the importance of having a spinning rod as a backup.  Windy conditions and the need to approach larger fish in clear water from a distance are conditions that at times are better managed with spin tackle.

In the clear waters of Grand Traverse Bay, smallmouth bass may not always be approachable with a fly rod thus prompting the need for spinning gear. Grand Traverse Bay is known for regularly yielding smallmouth bass weighing in excess of six pounds. These larger bass are old and wise and often require long casts to catch.  Additionally, many anglers appreciate the exhilarating challenge of catching and fighting a smallmouth bass on light spinning gear.

Conclusion

Want to experience the thrill of smallmouth fishing in the pristine waters of Grand Traverse Bay where the breathtaking natural beauty meets unparalleled angling opportunities. Northern Michigan is home to some of the finest smallmouth bass fishing in the country.  This picturesque bay offers the perfect setting for both seasoned anglers and beginners looking to hone their angling skills. Grand Traverse Bay promises a fishing experience like no other!  So come and immerse yourself in the tranquility of Grand Traverse Bay, feel the excitement of each bite, and savor the joy of reeling in a prized smallmouth bass.

Chestnut Lamprey

Chestnut Lamprey

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Chestnut Lamprey
Chestnut Lamprey attached to a Brown Trout

Chestnut Lamprey

The Chestnut Lamprey, Ichthyomyzon castaneus, is a Native Species commonly found in Lakes and Rivers throughout the Great Lakes. They are considered to be an indicator species, their presence indicates healthy clean water. However, there is one negative component to their presence in a watershed and that is their potential impact upon fish populations during the parasitic phase.

The chestnut Lamprey has two primary life stages to complete its life cycle. The first life stage is the larval phase, commonly referred to as ammocoetes, in which the larval form is primarily a filter feeding organism. The larva will live in the fine and silty bottom sediments of slower backwater pools for 5-7 years on average. When the larva reach 4-6 years of age they go through a metamorphosis, developing teeth and a sucking mouth disk characterized by the adult parasitic phase of their life cycle.

The metamorphic phase appears to take place from October through the end of January as the ammocoetes enter the parasitic adult life stage. As the water begins to warm in April, the larva exit their burrows and enter the parasitic feeding phase of their life cycle. The Chestnut Lamprey tends to be more active at night and during low light periods. Peak feeding periods for the adults range from May through July.   Some adults will hold over until the following spring to spawn. The adult chestnut lamprey will continue to feed during the peak spawning season from June to July. After spawning the adults die and the cycle is repeated. (Hall, 1963)

Manistee River

In Michigan, most of our trout streams have established populations of Chestnut Lamprey. However, the Manistee River boasts a highly abundant population in the upper portions of the watershed.  Chestnut Lamprey densities tend to be higher from County Road 612 to Sharon Road. As the water temperature reaches 50 F degrees the adults begin to feed. (Hall, 1963) This temperature change coincides nicely with the annual appearance of Chestnut Lamprey on the trout we catch throughout our trout season.  Tapping into this information, it demonstrates the importance of Lamprey imitations for trout fishing the Manistee River.  Streamer patterns tied with a long and “leechy” appearance with lots of undulating movement in the materials are very effective.

Matching the Hatch

Chestnut Lamprey will range in size from 4-5” early in their adult development.  They can attain lengths of +7” at maturity. It’s not a coincidence that as the lamprey continue to become more active, the streamer fishing becomes more consistent. The trout are not only actively feeding at this time, but they are also combating the presence of an “alien intruder”! It’s not uncommon to see some pretty exciting visuals while fishing “leechy” patterns this time of year. Some fish will recklessly chase them out of their territory and will often strike with violent takes.

Take this information for what it is worth, but having an understanding of this natural phenomenon can only help you. Fly selection, fly movement, and presentation are all critical components to angling success and one more arrow in the quiver is only a positive. The Chestnut Lamprey life cycle is another example of another hatch that you should pay close attention to.  As we move closer to the trout season opener, this horror show will be underway in our streams.

Hall, J. 1963. An ecological study of the chestnut lamprey, Ichthyomyzon castaneus, in the Manistee River, Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.

 

Steelhead fishing in the snow

First Snow of 2023 and Steelhead Fishing

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Steelhead and Snow

Something about the first snow of the year and turning on the bite window of our Northern Michigan Steelhead.  Not only does the first snow of the year bring some much needed cover up to all the brown landscape, but it does seem to trigger a good bite from our local steelhead population.  Here are two clips from 2023 and 2022 showing off a few nice fish the last two years during the first falling snow of the year.

 

Manistee River Steelhead Report

New Steelhead Bag Limits

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New Steelhead Bag Limits

On November 9th, 2023 the Natural Resources Commission (NRC) passed a fisheries amendment regarding Steelhead bag limits. A list of specified rivers and streams were changed from the current 3 fish bag limit to a one fish bag limit for steelhead on a year round basis. The NRC adopted the changes with a 7-0 vote to pass the fisheries order amendment. The new regulations will go into effect on April 1, 2024.

The following backyard rivers were included in the new Regulations taking effect on April 1, 2024:
– Betsie River
– Bear Creek
– Big Manistee River
– Little Manistee River
– Pere Marquette River

Here is the updated amendment with legal descriptions of streams to be included in the new Steelhead Regulations:
 

 

Drone image of the Big Manistee River

Birds Eye View Fall Steelhead

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Taking a look from above down on the Big Manistee River  while we step thru a run looking for a steelhead.  Fall colors are about done, as heavy winds have really blown away our fall colors.  Water levels continue to be low and clear this 2023 Fall Steelhead season.  But we keep grind out most days finding a few steelhead to play.