The Fortran language can treat characters as single character or contiguous strings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Characters could be any symbol taken from the basic character set, i.e., from the letters, the decimal digits, the underscore, and 21 special characters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A character constant is a fixed valued character string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The intrinsic data type character<\/strong> stores characters and strings. The length of the string can be specified by len<\/strong> specifier. If no length is specified, it is 1. You can refer individual characters within a string referring by position; the left most character is at position 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Declaring a character type data is same as other variables \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n For example,<\/p>\n\n\n\n you can assign a value like,<\/p>\n\n\n\n The following example demonstrates declaration and use of character data type \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n When you compile and execute the above program it produces the following result \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n The concatenation operator \/\/, concatenates characters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The following example demonstrates this \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n When you compile and execute the above program it produces the following result \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n The following table shows some commonly used character functions along with the description \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n This example shows the use of the index<\/strong> function \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\n Live Demo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n When you compile and execute the above program it produces the following result \u2212<\/p>\n\n\n\nCharacter Declaration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
type-specifier :: variable_name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\ncharacter :: reply, sex<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nreply = \u2018N\u2019 \nsex = \u2018F\u2019<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nprogram hello\nimplicit none\n\n character(len = 15) :: surname, firstname \n character(len = 6) :: title \n character(len = 25)::greetings\n \n title = 'Mr. ' \n firstname = 'Rowan ' \n surname = 'Atkinson'\n greetings = 'A big hello from Mr. Bean'\n \n print *, 'Here is ', title, firstname, surname\n print *, greetings\n \nend program hello<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nHere is Mr. Rowan Atkinson \nA big hello from Mr. Bean\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nConcatenation of Characters<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
program hello\nimplicit none\n\n character(len = 15) :: surname, firstname \n character(len = 6) :: title \n character(len = 40):: name\n character(len = 25)::greetings\n \n title = 'Mr. ' \n firstname = 'Rowan ' \n surname = 'Atkinson'\n \n name = title\/\/firstname\/\/surname\n greetings = 'A big hello from Mr. Bean'\n \n print *, 'Here is ', name\n print *, greetings\n \nend program hello<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nHere is Mr.Rowan Atkinson \nA big hello from Mr.Bean\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nSome Character Functions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/th> Function & Description<\/th><\/tr> 1<\/td> len(string)<\/strong>It returns the length of a character string<\/td><\/tr> 2<\/td> index(string,sustring)<\/strong>It \ufb01nds the location of a substring in another string, returns 0 if not found.<\/td><\/tr> 3<\/td> achar(int)<\/strong>It converts an integer into a character<\/td><\/tr> 4<\/td> iachar(c)<\/strong>It converts a character into an integer<\/td><\/tr> 5<\/td> trim(string)<\/strong>It returns the string with the trailing blanks removed.<\/td><\/tr> 6<\/td> scan(string, chars)<\/strong>It searches the “string” from left to right (unless back=.true.) for the first occurrence of any character contained in “chars”. It returns an integer giving the position of that character, or zero if none of the characters in “chars” have been found.<\/td><\/tr> 7<\/td> verify(string, chars)<\/strong>It scans the “string” from left to right (unless back=.true.) for the first occurrence of any character not contained in “chars”. It returns an integer giving the position of that character, or zero if only the characters in “chars” have been found<\/td><\/tr> 8<\/td> adjustl(string)<\/strong>It left justifies characters contained in the “string”<\/td><\/tr> 9<\/td> adjustr(string)<\/strong>It right justifies characters contained in the “string”<\/td><\/tr> 10<\/td> len_trim(string)<\/strong>It returns an integer equal to the length of “string” (len(string)) minus the number of trailing blanks<\/td><\/tr> 11<\/td> repeat(string,ncopy)<\/strong>It returns a string with length equal to “ncopy” times the length of “string”, and containing “ncopy” concatenated copies of “string”<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Example 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
program testingChars\nimplicit none\n\n character (80) :: text \n integer :: i \n \n text = 'The intrinsic data type character stores characters and strings.'\n i=index(text,'character') \n \n if (i \/= 0) then\n print *, ' The word character found at position ',i \n print *, ' in text: ', text \n end if\n \nend program testingChars<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThe word character found at position 25\nin text : The intrinsic data type character stores characters and strings. \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nExample 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n