Nakuba kumayelana amapulatifomu amabili ahlukeneIqiniso liwukuthi zombili lezi zobuchwepheshe Ziyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu zoku thuthukisa noma yimuphi umsebenzi we-DIY. Lawa madivayisi anezici eziningi ezinhle; avela ku- izindleko eziphansi futhi kulula ukuzihlela.
Kodwa akunangqondo ukuzibeka njalo ezinhlangothini eziphambene. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zingasetshenziswa ndawonye. okwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwazo zombili, sisebenzisa izici ezinhle kakhulu zaleso naleso.
Ngenkathi i Amabhodi e-Arduino y Okusajingijolo Kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa uma unesipiliyoni esithileUkuzisebenzisa ndawonye kudinga umhlahlandlela ofana nalowo esizokunikeza wona ngezansi.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuhlanganisa i-Arduino ne-Raspberry Pi?
Izinzuzo zokuhlanganisa i-Arduino ne-Raspberry Pi ziningi kakhulu. Kudingeka nje ukusho izici ezinhle zalowo nalowo kubo, ngoba aziphikisani.
Esikukhombisa khona ngezansi:
- Amakhadi amabili Babelana ngokukhululeka ngobukhulu bazo. Okusho ukuthi, zincane kakhulu futhi zilula kunanoma iyiphi ikhompyutha ephathekayo.
- Uma kuphele I-Arduino Inehadiwe evulekile, Womabili amaphrojekthi ane- isoftware yomthombo ovulekile ukulawula amabhodi.
- Ngokuhlanganisa kokubili, singathola amandla amakhulu okusebenzisa ikhompyutha, anikezwa amakhompyutha amancane Okusajingijolo, nge ukuguquguquka okukhulu ukusetshenziswa okufana nama-microcontroller I-Arduino.
- Ukusebenzisa amapulatifomu womabili ndawonye, Kungenzeka ngaphandle kwe-laptop noma ideskithophu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amabhodi e-Raspberry Pi amanje anokuxhumana okwanele kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo njengekhibhodi nama-monitor. Aphinde anikeze ukuxhumana kwe-Wi-Fi okwakhelwe ngaphakathi.
- Enye inzuzo yokusebenzisa womabili ama-hob ngendlela ehambisanayo ukuthi inani lamathuluzi atholakalayo ngokwemigomo yamakhodi wokuhlela. Lokhu kungenxa yokusekelwa okunamandla kanye namalungu omphakathi azisebenzisa ndawonye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinsiza eziningi namaphrojekthi asevele enzelwe ukuzijwayeza nokuthuthukisa imibono yakho.
- Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Amabhodi e-Arduino ahlinzeka ngokusetshenziswa okungcono nokuhlukahlukene kwama-sensor nama-chipKodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, uma usaqala nje ezweni lokuhlela, I-Arduino IDE Lesi isinyathelo sokuqala esihle kakhulu, njengoba kulula ukusisebenzisa kunokuthi Linux.
Funda isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani i-Arduino ku-Raspberry Pi kusukela ekuqaleni
Izinto eziyinhloko ozodinga Qala ukufaka i-Arduino IDE ku-a Ibhodi le-Raspberry Pi Lawa yiwo kanye lawo. Kodwa futhi kuyadingeka ukuba Ikhebula ledatha le-USB futhi a Ukuxhumeka kwe-InthanethiKufanele ukhumbule ukuthi lokhu kokugcina kungashintshwa ngesifaki somshayeli we-Arduino esilandiwe kudivayisi yokugcina yangaphandle.
Isofthiwe edingekayo ingatholakala kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Arduino, ngakho kuzodingeka ulandele lezi zinyathelo:
- Vula isiphequluli sakho bese uthayipha i-URL kubha yekheli.
https://www.arduino.cc/en/softwareOkulandelayo, funa inketho yokulanda yenguqulo yesistimu yokusebenza ye-Linux ngokusekelwe kuma-processor I-ARM amabhithi angama-32. - Uma indawo yokuhlela isilandiweKuzodingeka uxhume amabhodi womabili ngekhebula le-USB bese wenza okufanayo ngezinsiza zikagesi.
- Khona-ke, kakade kusuka ku-interface ye-Raspberry Pi Vula ifayela kufolda entsha.
- Usebenzisa ifayela ku-terminal “faka.sh”.
Uma usebenzisa uxhumano olukude ku-Raspberry PiNgokuvamile, uma ungenayo i-monitor ezinikele, udinga ukuxhuma ibhodi ngokusebenzisa I-terminal ye-SSH noma nge-VNC Viewer.
Kunoma ikuphi, usebenzisa imiyalo elandelayo ukuze ubuyekeze uhlu lwezinhlelo ze-repository:
sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get upgrade
Okulandelayo, faka i-Arduino usebenzisa umyalo bese ulinda inqubo ukuthi iqede. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka uthayiphe:
sudo apt-get install arduino arduino-core
Uma usukwenzile lokhu, ungathola isofthiwe ngemenyu "Ukuhlela". Isikhathi soku qinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwesofthiwe kanye nehadiwe kuyasebenza yini babeqinisile.
Ukuze wenze lokhu uzosebenzisa umyalo:
dmesg | grep ttyACM
Uma kunjalo, kuzodingeka uthole impendulo:
ttyACM0: USB ACM device
Okusele nje ukuhlola ukusebenza kwamabhodi womabili nganoma iyiphi iphrojekthi etholakalayo ku-inthanethi; isibonelo, ungasebenzisa la makhodi wokuhlela indawo yokufinyelela ku-inthanethi:
-apt-get install lshw lshw -C network configuration Izindlela ze-interface ezisekelwayo: I-IBSS managed AP AP/VLAN WDS monitor mesh point apt-get install hostapd iface wlan0 inet static address 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf" # Okokuqala silungiselela i-interface esizoyilalela ku-interface=wlan0 # I-interface yokulalela ku-driver=nl80211 # I-driver esetshenziswa yi-adaptha ye-WiFi, lokhu kungaba okuhlukile kuwo wonke umuntu ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd ctrl_interface_group=0 # Lezi ezimbili zimane ziyimingcele ukuze i-daemon ye-hostap isebenze. # Manje sekuya ekucushweni kwe-WiFi okubalulekile ssid=RaspAP # Okokuqala, igama le-SSID noma leNethiwekhi. Yilokhu amanye amadivayisi azokubona lapho ezama ukuxhuma. hw_mode=g # Ngisetha lokhu kumodi ye-Wireless G. A, B, kanye no-G bayatholakala lapha. isiteshi=8 # Lokhu kusetha isiteshi esivuliwe yi-WiFi, iziteshi ezivumelekile zisuka ku-1-11, noma ku-1-14 kuye ngendawo. # Izilungiselelo Zokuphepha ze-Wifi wpa=2 # Lokhu kusetha izilungiselelo zokuphepha ku-WPA2 wpa_psk=928519398acf811e96f5dcac68a11d6aa876140599be3dd49612e760a2aaac0e # Umugqa ongenhla usetha umushwana wokungena we-wpa ku-"raspiwlan", lokhu kutholakala ngomyalo we-wpa_passphrase. # Kodwa-ke, ungasetha futhi umushwana wokungena ofana nomugqa ongezansi. #wpa_passphrase=raspiwlan wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK wpa_pairwise=CCMP rsn_pairwise=CCMP # Ngizibeke ku-WPA-PSK ukukhombisa ukuthi sisebenzisa ukhiye owabiwe ngaphambilini one-CCMP encryption. # Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-hostapd nayo ineseva ye-RADIUS eyakhelwe ngaphakathi esingayisebenzisa ukuze siqinisekise # Kodwa ngizoshiya lokho kokunye okuthunyelwe. # Ezinye izilungiselelo beacon_int=100 # Lokhu kusetha ukuthi i-WiFi izothumela kangaki i-beacon ngaphandle. auth_algs=3 wmm_enabled=1
Uhlu lwamaphrojekthi amahle kakhulu e-Arduino ne-Raspberry Pi okufanele wazi ngawo
Ngala maphrojekthi uzofinyelela ukuzimela ngaphandle kwekhompyutha futhi uthuthukise ukuphatheka kwakho uye kwelinye izinga, ake sibheke amanye amaphrojekthi ongasebenza kuwo:
I-Octoprint.org
Kuyisofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile esetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula amaphrinta e-3D. Ngeshwa, iningi lazo lakhiwe phezu kwamabhodi e-Arduino noma lisekelwe kuwo. Kodwa-ke, imishini yezentengiselwano ebiza kakhulu inezici ezifana nokulawula okude kanye nokuxhumana okungenantambo okuntula yona eyisisekelo. Yingakho ukwengeza ibhodi le-Raspberry Pi ohlelweni lokulawula kungenye yamaphrojekthi athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabenzi.
Lokhu kuvumela Phatha ukuphrinta ngaphandle kwentambo ngewebhuNgaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukulawula ipulazi lokuphrinta (imishini eminingi endaweni eyodwa) kusuka kukhompyutha eyodwa. I-Raspberry Pi inikeza ithuba lokuthi xhuma ama-webcam aqapha umsebenzi emugqeni wokukhiqizaUngathola amakhodi kanye nalo lonke ulwazi olwengeziwe oludingekayo kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-OctoPrint.
Ikhamera yokuqapha enenzwa yokunyakaza
Izinhlelo zokuphepha ekhaya zivame ukubiza kakhulu ukuzithenga. Engeza kulokho izindleko zokulungisa zanyanga zonke. Kodwa-ke, faka izindleko zokuphepha zasekhaya. Ngenxa ye-Arduino ne-Raspberry Pi, kungenzeka ukudala isekethe yakho engabizi kakhulu.
Sibonile ukuthi kungenzeka Ukuxhuma i-webcam ebhodini le-Raspberry PiKukhona nama-adaptha atholakalayo okusebenzisa amaningana awo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa lokhu kulula kakhulu. Kwenzekani uma ungeza into ezothuthukisa isekethe yokuphepha nakakhulu? Isibonelo, izinzwa zokunyakaza ezixhunywe ku-Arduino. Ngale ndlela ungatshela ikhamera ethile ukuthi isebenze uma ibona ukunyakaza endaweni ethile. Izothumela futhi isaziso efonini yakho ephathekayo uma ungekho ekhaya.
Hlola lawa makhodi ongazijwayeza:
rom picamera ngenisa isikhathi sokungenisa sePiCamera ngenisa i-cv2 # Qala ikhamera ngesisombululo esingu-640x480 ikhamera = PiCamera() isixazululo = (640, 480) isilinganiso sozimele = 32 rawCapture = PiRGBArray(ikhamera, usayizi=(640, 480)) # Isikhathi sokulinda ikhamera ukuthi iqale ukulala(0.5) # Qala ifreyimu yokuqala ukuze ingabi nalutho. # Lokhu kuzosisiza ukuthola ingemuva langemuva = Akukho # Sithwebula uhlaka ngohlaka kusuka kukhamera ukuze sithole uhlaka ku-camera.capture_continuous(rawCapture, format="bgr", use_video_port=True): # Sithola uhlu kufomethi ye-NumPy isithombe = frame.array # Siguqula sibe yi-grayscale grey = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) # Sifaka ukushelela ukususa umsindo grey = cv2.GaussianBlur(grey, (21, 21), 0) # Uma singakayitholi ingemuva, siyayithola # Kuzoba uhlaka lokuqala esilutholayo uma ingemuva lingekho: ingemuva = grey # Ukubalwa komehluko phakathi kwengemuva kanye nokususwa kohlaka lwamanje = cv2.absdiff(background, grey) # Sifaka umkhawulo womngcele = cv2.threshold(subtraction, 25, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1] # Sinweba umkhawulo ukuze sigcwalise imigodi umkhawulo = cv2.dilate(threshold, None, iterations=2) # Sikopisha umkhawulo ukuze sithole ama-contour contoursimg = threshold.copy() # Sisesha ama-contour kuma-contour esithombe, i-hierarchy = cv2.findContours(contoursimg,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE) # Sidlula kuzo zonke i-contour ezitholakala ku-c kuma-contour: # Sisusa ama-contour amancane kakhulu uma cv2.contourArea(c) < 500: qhubeka # Sithola imingcele ye-contour, unxande omkhulu ohlanganisa i-contour (x, y, w, h) = cv2.boundingRect(c) # Sidweba unxande wemingcele unxande(image, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (0, 255, 0), 2) # Sibonisa ukuthwebula okuhlukile imshow("Motion Image", image) imshow("Threshold", threshold) imshow("Subtraction", subtraction) imshow("Contours", contoursimg) key = cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF # Setha kabusha ifayela elingakalungiswa ukuze uthole ukuthwebula okulandelayo kunqamule(0) # Phuma kuhlelo lokusebenza ngohlamvu s if key == ord("s"): break
Induku yokudlala ye-Arduino yokudlala imidlalo ku-Raspberry Pi nge-Scratch
Kuzo Indlela ejabulisayo kakhulu yokuzijwayeza uhlelo lwakho nokuluvivinyaIkakhulukazi uma unentshisekelo emidlalweni yevidiyo. Ngiyabonga Scratch okuwulimi lokuhlela olwenzelwe ukuthuthukisa amakhono kule ndawo ezinganeni nasebasha abasaqalayo.
Ngokusebenzisa isikhombikubona esifundisayo nesibonakalayo kakhudlwanakungenzeka dala amakhodi alula ngisho nemidlalo egcwele. Ukusebenzisa i-Raspberry Pi njengeplatifomu ebonakalayo lapho umdlalo uzokwenzeka khona, ixhunywe ku-a I-joystick esekelwe ku-ArduinoNgenxa yezindleko eziphansi zezesekeli ezifana namamojula, kuyindlela enhle yokuqala kuleli zwe.
Faka la makhodi:
f#faka #define Joystick_ joystick; void setup() { pinMode(2,INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(3,INPUT_PULLUP); begin(); // Ukuze usebenzise i-joystick, amaphini analog e-axis X kanye ne-Y ye-Joystick kanye ne-Joystick.h void loop() { joystickDerX = analogRead(A0); joystick setRxAxis(joystickDerX); joystickDerY = analogRead(A1); joystick setRyAxis(joystickDerY); } for(int i = 2; i<=buttons; i++) { if(digitalRead(i) == LOW) { pressButton(i-2); } else { releaseButton(i-2); } delay(10); }
