In computing, We know as "scripts" textual lines of commands with which predetermined actions can be executed in a wide variety of computer programs.
Scripts can run on almost any operating system and they fulfill fundamental functions in the structural base of all the programs we work with on a daily basis.
Linux It is one of the most widely used operating systems for scripting, thanks to the large number of tools it offers.We will now show you how to use this practical operating system for the creating your own commands or scripts.
What is a script and what are these programs used for in computer science?
In the context of computing, a script consists of lines of text containing uncompiled code commands.It is written in any programming language, and designed to be read by an intelligent terminal and translated into machine language.
These tools are widely used in software and web development, as they facilitate customization, offering the possibility of improving their appearance and functionality. Scripts are used to automate repetitive tasks and interact with the computer's operating system.as well as performing autonomous software installations and form creation, among other functionalities.
Types of Scripts: What types exist and how do they differ from one another?
For the most frequently required functionalities, There are three types of scriptsThe three types of lines share functions that seek to execute functions on the computer.
Go for it:
Route scripts
These are used for process automation, because they are saved with a specific command path. It can be programmed to automatically initiate an action or to start after the user executes a particular path.
Standalone scripts
Unlike the first ones, they are not assigned to any specific type of path, but are saved as external files. They can be used for managing numerous routes and share the same syntax checking options as route scripts.
Supernode scripts
Supernode scripts are only available on terminal supernodes and They are used to schedule the execution order of various routes and scripts.In addition to this, they can interact with other supernode commands to define their properties.
What are the main programming languages used to write scripts correctly?
There is a great variety programming languages which are more than adequate sources for script writing.
Although JavaScript is the most widely used, here are some other languages you can use:
- JavaScript: It is the most widely used language for creating scripts. It is a variant of the ECMAScript language and is also the most used in web browsers such as Chrome or Firefox.
- Python: After JavaScript, it is the most popular and widely used programming language thanks to its simple syntax. It is object-oriented and supports structured programming patterns.
- PHP: Created for writing scripts that added functions to static HTML sites, it has evolved into a language in its own right and is used for hypertext processing.
- Ruby: It is a scripting language oriented almost exclusively towards objects. Its code is open source and has a consistent and understandable syntax. In addition, it also supports functional and procedural programming.
- Groovy: It's compatible with JavaScript, very flexible and functional. It's object-oriented and has a wide variety of automation building tools.
- GML: GAMING is the acronym for GameMaker Language and is widely used for writing scripts for game development. It is a procedural language and its use is governed by its proprietary software, GameMaker Studio 2.
- Moon: Lua works by compiling the source code before running it through its virtual machine. This step is done automatically, so manual compilation is unnecessary. It's fast, lightweight, and its syntax is similar to Python's.
- bash: It has a simple and descriptive syntax and can be used to automate administrative tasks, connect to remote servers, run commands, and other operating system-related processes.
- PowerShell: It can be used on Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems for system configuration and administration. It has a very compact syntax, which greatly simplifies command-line work.
- Perl: It is a very old, general-purpose programming language created over thirty years ago. It has a syntax similar to C and is a solid choice for use in the CGI runtime environment.
Learn step by step how to create a script on your Linux operating system computer from scratch
Being a virtually perfect operating system for development and programming, Creating an executable script in Linux is a really simple process. The language used will be used to write a simple script Bash. All you'll need is a text editorIt can be the one you prefer. The first step is Create a text file in the location where you want the script.
The first line of code must be #!/bin/bash with the aim of having the file recognized as a script. the lines that begin with echo will contain the texts that will appear in the console, with sleep It will determine the waiting time, then our user's route is created on the line cd, and the last three lines update the repositories and software, as well as install another small set of applications.
When finished, the script text will look similar to the following, after which you should save the file with the name of your choice, but always with the extension “.sh”:
#!/bin/bash echo Script for root.com echo Installing programs sleep 5s cd /home/user sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get install transmission gedit gimp chromium-browser vlc
